#!/usr/pkg/bin/perl
#
# get_iplayer - Lists and records BBC iPlayer TV and BBC Sounds radio programmes
#
#    Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Phil Lewis, 2010- get_iplayer contributors
#
#    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
#    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
#    the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
#    (at your option) any later version.
#
#    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
#    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
#    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
#    GNU General Public License for more details.
#
#    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
#    along with this program.  If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
#
# Authors: Phil Lewis, get_iplayer contributors
# Web: https://github.com/get-iplayer/get_iplayer/wiki
# License: GPLv3 (see LICENSE.txt)
#
#
package main;
my $version = 3.36;
my $version_text;
$version_text = sprintf("v%.2f", $version) unless $version_text;
#
# Help:
#	./get_iplayer --help | --longhelp
#
# Release notes:
# 	https://github.com/get-iplayer/get_iplayer/wiki/releasenotes
#
# Documentation:
# 	https://github.com/get-iplayer/get_iplayer/wiki/documentation
#
use Encode qw(:DEFAULT :fallback_all);
use Env qw[@PATH];
use Fcntl;
use File::Copy;
use File::Path;
use File::stat;
use File::Spec;
use Getopt::Long;
use HTML::Entities;
use HTTP::Cookies;
use HTTP::Headers;
use IO::Seekable;
use IO::Socket;
use IPC::Open3;
use LWP::ConnCache;
use LWP::UserAgent;
use open IN => ':crlf :utf8', OUT => ':utf8';
use PerlIO::encoding;
use POSIX qw(strftime);
use POSIX qw(:termios_h);
use strict;
#use warnings;
use Time::Local;
use Unicode::Normalize;
use URI;
use version 0.77;
use if $^O eq 'MSWin32', "Win32::Unicode::Process" => qw();
use constant DIVIDER => "-==-" x 20;
use constant FB_EMPTY => sub { '' };
use constant IS_MACOS => $^O eq 'darwin' ? 1 : 0;
use constant IS_WIN32 => $^O eq 'MSWin32' ? 1 : 0;
$PerlIO::encoding::fallback = XMLCREF;

# Save default SIG actions
my %SIGORIG;
$SIGORIG{$_} = $SIG{$_} for keys %SIG;
STDOUT->autoflush(1);
STDERR->autoflush(1);

# Define general 'option names' => ( <help mask>, <option help section>, <option cmdline format>, <usage text>, <option help> )
# <help mask>: 0 for normal help, 1 for advanced help, 2 for basic help
# If you want the option to be hidden then don't specify <option help section>, use ''
# Entries with keys starting with '_' are not parsed only displayed as help and in man pages.
my $opt_format = {
	# Recording
	attempts	=> [ 1, "attempts=n", 'Recording', '--attempts <number>', "Number of attempts to make or resume a failed connection.  --attempts is applied per-stream. Programmes have multiple streams available for each recording quality."],
	audioonly		=> [ 1, "audioonly|audio-only!", 'Recording', '--audio-only', "Only download audio stream for TV programme. Produces .m4a file. Implies --force."],
	downloadabortonfail	=> [ 1, "downloadabortonfail|download-abort-on-fail|download-abort-onfail!", 'Recording', '--download-abort-onfail', "Exit immediately if any stream fails to download. Use to avoid repeated failed download attempts if connection is dropped or access is blocked."],
	excludeformat	=> [ 1, "excludeformat|exclude-format=s", 'Recording', '--exclude-format <format>,<format>,...', "Comma-separated list of media stream formats to ignore when recording. Valid values: hls,dash."],
	excludesupplier	=> [ 1, "excludecdn|exclude-cdn|excludesupplier|exclude-supplier=s", 'Recording', '--exclude-supplier <supplier>,<supplier>,...', "Comma-separated list of media stream suppliers (CDNs) to skip. Possible values: akamai,limelight,bidi,cloudfront. Synonym: --exclude-cdn."],
	force		=> [ 1, "force|force-download!", 'Recording', '--force', "Ignore programme history (unsets --hide option also)."],
	get		=> [ 2, "get|record|g!", 'Recording', '--get, -g', "Start recording matching programmes. Search terms required."],
	includeformat	=> [ 1, "includeformat|include-format=s", 'Recording', '--include-format <format>,<format>,...', "Comma-separated list of media stream to use when recording. Overrides --exclude-format. Valid values: hls,dash"],
	includesupplier	=> [ 1, "includecdn|include-cdn|includesupplier|include-supplier=s", 'Recording', '--include-supplier <supplier>,<supplier>,...', "Comma-separated list of media stream suppliers (CDNs) to use if not included by default or if previously excluded by --exclude-supplier. Possible values: akamai,limelight,bidi,cloudfront. Synonym: --include-cdn."],
	hash		=> [ 1, "hash!", 'Recording', '--hash', "Show recording progress as hashes"],
	logprogress		=> [ 1, "log-progress|logprogress!", 'Recording', '--log-progress', "Force HLS/DASH download progress display to be captured when screen output is redirected to file.  Progress display is normally omitted unless writing to terminal."],
	markdownloaded	=> [ 1, "markdownloaded|mark-downloaded!", 'Recording', '--mark-downloaded', "Mark programmes in search results or specified with --pid/--url as downloaded by inserting records in download history."],
	modes		=> [ 0, "quality=s", 'Recording', '--quality <quality>,<quality>,...', "TV and radio recording quality preference.  See --tv-quality and --radio-quality for available values and defaults. Default: default for programme type."],
	nomergeversions	=> [ 1, "nomergeversions|no-merge-versions!", 'Recording', '--no-merge-versions', "Do not merge programme versions with same name and duration."],
	noproxy	=> [ 1, "noproxy|no-proxy!", 'Recording', '--no-proxy', "Ignore --proxy setting in preferences and/or http_proxy environment variable."],
	overwrite	=> [ 1, "overwrite|over-write!", 'Recording', '--overwrite', "Overwrite recordings if they already exist"],
	partialproxy	=> [ 1, "partial-proxy!", 'Recording', '--partial-proxy', "Only uses web proxy where absolutely required (try this extra option if your proxy fails)."],
	_url		=> [ 2, "", 'Recording', '--url <url>,<url>,...', "Record the PIDs contained in the specified iPlayer episode URLs. Alias for --pid."],
	pid		=> [ 2, "pid|url=s@", 'Recording', '--pid <pid>,<pid>,...', "Record arbitrary PIDs that do not necessarily appear in the index."],
	pidindex	=> [ 1, "pidrefresh|pid-refresh|pidindex|pid-index!", 'Recording', '--pid-index', "Update (if necessary) and use programme index cache with --pid. Cache is not searched for programme by default with --pid. Synonym: --pid-refresh."],
	proxy		=> [ 0, "proxy|p=s", 'Recording', '--proxy, -p <url>', "Web proxy URL, e.g., http://username:password\@server:port or http://server:port.  Value of http_proxy environment variable (if present) will be used unless --proxy is specified. Used for both HTTP and HTTPS. Overridden by --no-proxy."],
	start		=> [ 1, "start=s", 'Recording', '--start <secs|hh:mm:ss>', "Recording/streaming start offset (actual start may be several seconds earlier for HLS and DASH streams)"],
	stop		=> [ 1, "stop=s", 'Recording', '--stop <secs|hh:mm:ss>', "Recording/streaming stop offset (actual stop may be several seconds later for HLS and DASH streams)"],
	subsrequired	=> [ 1, "subsrequired|subtitlesrequired|subs-required|subtitles-required!", 'Recording', '--subtitles-required', "Do not download TV programme if subtitles are not available."],
	test		=> [ 1, "test|t!", 'Recording', '--test, -t', "Test only - no recording (only shows search results with --pvr and --pid-recursive)"],
	versionlist	=> [ 1, "versionlist|versions|version-list=s", 'Recording', '--versions <versions>', "Version of programme to record. List is processed from left to right and first version found is downloaded. Example: '--versions=audiodescribed,default' will prefer audiodescribed programmes if available. Versions: 'default,audiodescribed,signed,combined'. Default: 'default'."],

	# Recursive Recording
	pidrecursive	=> [ 1, "pidrecursive|pid-recursive!", 'Recursive Recording', '--pid-recursive', "Record all related episodes if value of --pid is a series or brand PID.  Requires --pid."],
	pidrecursivechannel	=> [ 1, "pidrecursivechannel|pid-recursive-channel=s", 'Recursive Recording', '--pid-recursive-channel <channel>[,<channel>,...]', "Filter episode list to include only programmes where <channel> (regex or comma-separated list of substrings) appears in channel name. Requires --pid-recursive."],
	pidrecursiveexcludechannel	=> [ 1, "pidrecursiveexcludechannel|pid-recursive-exclude-channel=s", 'Recursive Recording', '--pid-recursive-exclude-channel <channel>[,<channel>,...]', "Filter episode list to exclude all programmes where <channel> (regex or comma-separated list of substrings) appears in channel name. Requires --pid-recursive."],
	pidrecursiveexclude	=> [ 1, "pidrecursiveexclude|pid-recursive-exclude=s", 'Recursive Recording', '--pid-recursive-exclude <exclude>[,<exclude>,...]', "Filter episode list to exclude all programmes where <exclude> (regex or comma-separated list of substrings) appears in series name or episode title. Requires --pid-recursive."],
	pidrecursivelist	=> [ 1, "pidrecursivelist|pid-recursive-list!", 'Recursive Recording', '--pid-recursive-list', "If value of --pid is a series or brand PID, list available episodes but do not download. Implies --pid-recursive. Requires --pid."],
	pidrecursivesearch	=> [ 1, "pidrecursivesearch|pid-recursive-searche=s", 'Recursive Recording', '--pid-recursive-search <search>[,<searchl>,...]', "Filter episode list to include only programmes where <search> (regex or comma-separated list of substrings) appears in series name or episode title. Requires --pid-recursive."],
	pidrecursivetype	=> [ 1, "pidrecursivetype|pid-recursive-type=s", 'Recursive Recording', '--pid-recursive-type <type>', " Filter episode list to include only programmes of type <type> (radio or tv). Requires --pid-recursive."],

	# Search
	availablebefore		=> [ 1, "availablebefore|available-before=n", 'Search', '--available-before <hours>', "Limit search to programmes that became available before <hours> hours ago"],
	availablesince		=> [ 0, "availablesince|available-since=n", 'Search', '--available-since <hours>', "Limit search to programmes that have become available in the last <hours> hours"],
	before		=> [ 1, "before=n", 'Search', '--before <hours>', "Limit search to programmes added to the cache before <hours> hours ago"],
	category 	=> [ 0, "category=s", 'Search', '--category <string>', "Narrow search to matched categories (comma-separated regex list).  Defaults to substring match.  Only works with --history."],
	channel		=> [ 0, "channel=s", 'Search', '--channel <string>', "Narrow search to matched channel(s) (comma-separated regex list).  Defaults to substring match."],
	exclude		=> [ 0, "exclude=s", 'Search', '--exclude <string>', "Narrow search to exclude matched programme names (comma-separated regex list).  Defaults to substring match."],
	excludecategory	=> [ 0, "xcat|exclude-category=s", 'Search', '--exclude-category <string>', "Narrow search to exclude matched categories (comma-separated regex list).  Defaults to substring match.  Only works with --history."],
	excludechannel	=> [ 0, "xchan|exclude-channel=s", 'Search', '--exclude-channel <string>', "Narrow search to exclude matched channel(s) (comma-separated regex list).  Defaults to substring match."],
	expiresafter		=> [ 1, "expiresafter|expires-after=n", 'Search', '--expires-after <hours>', "Limit search to programmes that will expire after <hours> hours from now"],
	expiresbefore		=> [ 1, "expiresbefore|expires-before=n", 'Search', '--expires-before <hours>', "Limit search to programmes that will expire before <hours> hours from now"],
	fields		=> [ 0, "fields=s", 'Search', '--fields <field1>,<field2>,...', "Searches only in the specified fields. The fields are concatenated with spaces in the order specified and the search term is applied to the resulting string."],
	future		=> [ 1, "future!", 'Search', '--future', "Additionally search future programme schedule if it has been indexed (refresh cache with: --refresh --refresh-future)."],
	long		=> [ 0, "long|l!", 'Search', '--long, -l', "Additionally search in programme descriptions and episode names (same as --fields=name,episode,desc )"],
	search		=> [ 1, "search=s", 'Search', '--search <search term>', "GetOpt compliant way of specifying search args"],
	history		=> [ 1, "history!", 'Search', '--history', "Search recordings history (requires search term)"],
	since		=> [ 0, "since=n", 'Search', '--since <hours>', "Limit search to programmes added to the cache in the last <hours> hours"],
	type		=> [ 2, "type=s", 'Search', '--type <type>,<type>,...', "Only search in these types of programmes: ".join(',', progclass()).",all (tv is default)"],

	# Output
	command		=> [ 1, "c|command=s", 'Output', '--command, -c <command>', "User command to run after successful recording of programme. Use substitution parameters in command string (see docs for list)."],
	credits		=> [ 1, "credits!", 'Output', '--credits', "Download programme credits, if available."],
	creditsonly		=> [ 1, "creditsonly|credits-only!", 'Output', '--credits-only', "Only download programme credits, if available."],
	cuesheet		=> [ 1, "cuesheet|cue-sheet!", 'Output', '--cuesheet', "Create cue sheet (.cue file) for programme, if data available. Radio programmes only. Cue sheet will be very inaccurate and will required further editing. Cue sheet may require addition of UTF-8 BOM (byte-order mark) for some applications to identify encoding."],
	cuesheetoffset	=> [ 1, "tracklistoffset|tracklist-offset|track-list-offset|cuesheetoffset|cuesheet-offset|cue-sheet-offset=n", 'Output', '--cuesheet-offset [-]<offset>', "Offset track times in cue sheet and track list by the specified number of seconds. Synonym: --tracklist-offset"],
	cuesheetonly		=> [ 1, "cuesheetonly|cuesheet-only|cue-sheet-only!", 'Output', '--cuesheet-only', "Only create cue sheet (.cue file) for programme, if data available. Radio programmes only."],
	fileprefix	=> [ 1, "file-prefix|fileprefix=s", 'Output', '--file-prefix <format>', "The filename prefix template (excluding dir and extension). Use substitution parameters in template (see docs for list). Default: <name> - <episode> <pid> <version>"],
	limitprefixlength => [ 1, "limit-prefix-length|limitprefixlength=n", "Output", '--limitprefixlength <length>', "The maximum length for a file prefix.  Defaults to 240 to allow space within standard 256 limit."],
	metadata	=> [ 1, "metadata:s", 'Output', '--metadata', "Create metadata info file after recording. Valid values: generic,json. XML generated for 'generic', JSON for 'json'. If no value specified, 'generic' is used."],
	metadataonly	=> [ 1, "metadataonly|metadata-only!", 'Output', '--metadata-only', "Create specified metadata info file without any recording or streaming."],
	mpegts		=> [ 1, "mpegts|mpeg-ts!", 'Output', '--mpeg-ts', "Ensure raw audio and video files are re-muxed into MPEG-TS file regardless of stream format. Overrides --raw."],
	nometadata	=> [ 1, "nometadata|no-metadata!", 'Output', '--no-metadata', "Do not create metadata info file after recording (overrides --metadata)."],
	nosanitise	=> [ 1, "nosanitize|nosanitise|no-sanitize|no-sanitise!", 'Output', '--no-sanitise', "Do not sanitise output file and directory names. Implies --whitespace. Invalid characters for Windows (\"*:<>?|) and macOS (:) will be removed."],
	output		=> [ 2, "output|o=s", 'Output', '--output, -o <dir>', "Recording output directory"],
	raw		=> [ 0, "raw!", 'Output', '--raw', "Don't remux or change the recording in any way.  Saves output file in native container format (HLS->MPEG-TS, DASH->MP4)"],
	subdir		=> [ 1, "subdirs|subdir|s!", 'Output', '--subdir, -s', "Save recorded files into subdirectory of output directory.  Default: same name as programme (see --subdir-format)."],
	subdirformat	=> [ 1, "subdirformat|subdirsformat|subdirs-format|subdir-format=s", 'Output', '--subdir-format <format>', "The format to be used for subdirectory naming.  Use substitution parameters in format string (see docs for list)."],
	suboffset	=> [ 1, "suboffset=n", 'Output', '--suboffset <offset>', "Offset the subtitle timestamps by the specified number of milliseconds.  Requires --subtitles."],
	subsembed	=> [ 1, "subtitlesembed|subsembed|subtitles-embed|subs-embed!", 'Output', '--subs-embed', "Embed soft subtitles in MP4 output file. Ignored with --audio-only and --ffmpeg-obsolete. Requires --subtitles. Implies --subs-mono."],
	subsmono	=> [ 1, "subtitlesmono|subsmono|subtitles-mono|subs-mono!", 'Output', '--subs-mono', "Create monochrome titles, with leading hyphen used to denote change of speaker. Requires --subtitles. Not required with --subs-embed."],
	subsonly	=> [ 1, "subtitlesonly|subsonly|subtitles-only|subs-only!", 'Output', '--subtitles-only', "Only download the subtitles, not the programme"],
	subsraw		=> [ 1, "subtitlesraw|subsraw|subtitles-raw|subs-raw!", 'Output', '--subs-raw', "Additionally save the raw subtitles file.  Requires --subtitles."],
	subtitles	=> [ 2, "subtitles|subs!", 'Output', '--subtitles', "Download subtitles into srt/SubRip format if available and supported"],
	tagonly		=> [ 1, "tagonly|tag-only!", 'Output', '--tag-only', "Only update the programme metadata tag and not download the programme. Use with --history or --tag-only-filename."],
	tagonlyfilename		=> [ 1, "tagonlyfilename|tag-only-filename=s", 'Output', '--tag-only-filename <filename>', "Add metadata tags to specified file (ignored unless used with --tag-only)"],
	thumb		=> [ 1, "thumb|thumbnail!", 'Output', '--thumb', "Download thumbnail image if available"],
	thumbext	=> [ 1, "thumbext|thumb-ext=s", 'Output', '--thumb-ext <ext>', "Thumbnail filename extension to use"],
	thumbonly	=> [ 1, "thumbonly|thumbnailonly|thumbnail-only|thumb-only!", 'Output', '--thumbnail-only', "Only download thumbnail image if available, not the programme"],
	thumbseries	=> [ 1, "thumbseries|thumbnailseries|thumb-series|thumbnail-series!", 'Output', '--thumbnail-series', "Force use of series/brand thumbnail (series preferred) instead of episode thumbnail"],
	thumbsize	=> [ 1, "thumbsize|thumb-size|thumbsizemeta|thumbnailsize|thumbnail-size=n", 'Output', '--thumbnail-size <width>', "Thumbnail size to use for the current recording and metadata. Specify width: 192,256,384,448,512,640,704,832,960,1280,1920. Invalid values will be mapped to nearest available. Default: 1920 (1280 with --thumbnail-square)"],
	thumbsquare	=> [ 1, "thumbsquare|thumbnailsquare|thumb-square|thumbnail-square!", 'Output', '--thumbnail-square', "Download square version of thumbnail image. Limits --thumbnail-size to 1280."],
	tracklist		=> [ 1, "tracklist!", 'Output', '--tracklist', "Create track list of music played in programme, if data available. Track times and durations may be missing or incorrect."],
	tracklistonly		=> [ 1, "tracklistonly|tracklist-only!", 'Output', '--tracklist-only', "Only create track list of music played in programme, if data available."],
	whitespace	=> [ 1, "whitespace|ws|w!", 'Output', '--whitespace, -w', "Keep whitespace in file and directory names.  Default behaviour is to replace whitespace with underscores."],

	# Config
	cacherebuild	=> [ 1, "rebuildcache|rebuild-cache|cacherebuild|cache-rebuild!", 'Config', '--cache-rebuild', "Rebuild cache with full 30-day programme index. Use --refresh-limit to restrict cache window."],
	expiry		=> [ 1, "expiry|e=n", 'Config', '--expiry, -e <secs>', "Cache expiry in seconds (default 4hrs)"],
	limitmatches	=> [ 1, "limitmatches|limit-matches=n", 'Config', '--limit-matches <number>', "Limits the number of matching results for any search (and for every PVR search)"],
	prefsadd	=> [ 0, "addprefs|add-prefs|prefsadd|prefs-add!", 'Config', '--prefs-add', "Add/Change specified saved user or preset options"],
	prefsdel	=> [ 0, "del-prefs|delprefs|prefsdel|prefs-del!", 'Config', '--prefs-del', "Remove specified saved user or preset options"],
	prefsclear	=> [ 0, "clear-prefs|clearprefs|prefsclear|prefs-clear!", 'Config', '--prefs-clear', "Remove *ALL* saved user or preset options"],
	prefsshow	=> [ 0, "showprefs|show-prefs|prefsshow|prefs-show!", 'Config', '--prefs-show', "Show saved user or preset options"],
	preset		=> [ 1, "preset|z=s", 'Config', '--preset, -z <name>', "Use specified user options preset"],
	presetlist	=> [ 1, "listpresets|list-presets|presetlist|preset-list!", 'Config', '--preset-list', "Show all valid presets"],
	profiledir	=> [ 1, "profiledir|profile-dir=s", 'Config', '--profile-dir <dir>', "Override the user profile directory"],
	refresh		=> [ 2, "refresh|flush|f!", 'Config', '--refresh', "Refresh cache"],
	refreshabortonerror	=> [ 1, "refreshabortonerror|refresh-abortonerror|refresh-abort-onerror!", 'Config', '--refresh-abort-onerror', "Abort cache refresh for programme type if data for any channel fails to download.  Use --refresh-exclude to temporarily skip failing channels."],
	refreshinclude	=> [ 1, "refreshinclude|refresh-include=s", 'Config', '--refresh-include <channel>,<channel>,...', "Include matched channel(s) when refreshing cache (comma-separated regex list).  Defaults to substring match.  Overrides --refresh-exclude-groups[-{tv,radio}] status for specified channel(s)"],
	refreshexclude	=> [ 1, "refreshexclude|refresh-exclude|ignorechannels=s", 'Config', '--refresh-exclude <channel>,<channel>,...', "Exclude matched channel(s) when refreshing cache (comma-separated regex list).  Defaults to substring match.  Overrides --refresh-include-groups[-{tv,radio}] status for specified channel(s)"],
	refreshexcludegroups	=> [ 1, "refreshexcludegroups|refresh-exclude-groups=s", 'Config', '--refresh-exclude-groups <group>,<group>,...', "Exclude channel groups when refreshing radio or TV cache (comma-separated values).  Valid values: 'national', 'regional', 'local'"],
	refreshexcludegroupsradio	=> [ 1, "refreshexcludegroupsradio|refresh-exclude-groups-radio=s", 'Config', '--refresh-exclude-groups-radio <group>,<group>,...', "Exclude channel groups when refreshing radio cache (comma-separated values).  Valid values: 'national', 'regional', 'local'"],
	refreshexcludegroupstv	=> [ 1, "refreshexcludegroupstv|refresh-exclude-groups-tv=s", 'Config', '--refresh-exclude-groups-tv <group>,<group>,...', "Exclude channel groups when refreshing TV cache (comma-separated values).  Valid values: 'national', 'regional', 'local'"],
	refreshfuture	=> [ 1, "refreshfuture|refresh-future!", 'Config', '--refresh-future', "Obtain future programme schedule when refreshing cache"],
	refreshincludegroups	=> [ 1, "refreshincludegroups|refresh-include-groups=s", 'Config', '--refresh-include-groups <group>,<group>,...', "Include channel groups when refreshing radio or TV cache (comma-separated values).  Valid values: 'national', 'regional', 'local'"],
	refreshincludegroupsradio	=> [ 1, "refreshincludegroupsradio|refresh-include-groups-radio=s", 'Config', '--refresh-include-groups-radio <group>,<group>,...', "Include channel groups when refreshing radio cache (comma-separated values).  Valid values: 'national', 'regional', 'local'"],
	refreshincludegroupstv	=> [ 1, "refreshincludegroupstv|refresh-include-groups-tv=s", 'Config', '--refresh-include-groups-tv <group>,<group>,...', "Include channel groups when refreshing TV cache (comma-separated values).  Valid values: 'national', 'regional', 'local'"],
	refreshlimit	=> [ 1, "refreshlimit|refresh-limit=n", 'Config', '--refresh-limit <days>', "Minimum number of days of programmes to cache. Default: 7 Min: 1 Max: 30"],
	refreshlimitradio	=> [ 1, "refreshlimitradio|refresh-limit-radio=n", 'Config', '--refresh-limit-radio <days>', "Number of days of radio programmes to cache. Default: 7 Min: 1 Max: 30"],
	refreshlimittv	=> [ 1, "refreshlimittv|refresh-limit-tv=n", 'Config', '--refresh-limit-tv <days>', "Number of days of TV programmes to cache. Default: 7 Min: 1 Max: 30"],
	skipdeleted	=> [ 1, "skipdeleted|skip-deleted!", 'Config', "--skipdeleted", "Skip the download of metadata/thumbs/subs if the media file no longer exists.  Use with --history & --metadataonly/subsonly/thumbonly."],
	webrequest	=> [ 1, "webrequest|web-request=s", 'Config', '--webrequest <urlencoded string>', 'Specify all options as a urlencoded string of "name=val&name=val&..."' ],

	# Display
	conditions	=> [ 1, "conditions!", 'Display', '--conditions', 'Shows GPLv3 conditions'],
	debug		=> [ 1, "debug!", 'Display', '--debug', "Debug output (very verbose and rarely useful)"],
	dumpoptions	=> [ 1, "dumpoptions|dumpopts|dump-options|dump-opts!", 'Display', '--dump-options', 'Dumps all options with their internal option key names'],
	helpbasic	=> [ 2, "help-basic|usage|bh|hb|helpbasic|basichelp|basic-help!", 'Display', '--helpbasic, --usage', "Basic help text"],
	help		=> [ 2, "help|h!", 'Display', '--help, -h', "Intermediate help text"],
	helplong	=> [ 2, "help-long|advanced|long-help|longhelp|lh|hl|helplong!", 'Display', '--helplong', "Advanced help text"],
	hide		=> [ 1, "hide!", 'Display', '--hide', "Hide previously recorded programmes"],
	info		=> [ 2, "i|info!", 'Display', '--info, -i', "Show full programme metadata and availability of streams and subtitles (max 40 matches)"],
	list		=> [ 1, "list=s", 'Display', '--list <element>', "Show a list of distinct element values (with counts) for the selected programme type(s) and exit.  Valid elements are: 'channel'"],
	listformat	=> [ 1, "listformat|list-format=s", 'Display', '--listformat <format>', "Display search results with a custom format. Use substitution parameters in format string (see docs for list)."],
	_long		=> [ 0, "", 'Display', '--long, -l', "Show extended programme info"],
	manpage		=> [ 1, "manpage=s", 'Display', '--manpage <file>', "Create man page based on current help text"],
	nocopyright	=> [ 1, "no-copyright|nocopyright!", 'Display', '--nocopyright', "Don't display copyright header"],
	page		=> [ 1, "page=n", 'Display', '--page <number>', "Page number to display for multipage output"],
	pagesize	=> [ 1, "pagesize=n", 'Display', '--pagesize <number>', "Number of matches displayed on a page for multipage output"],
	quiet		=> [ 1, "q|quiet!", 'Display', '--quiet, -q', "Reduce logging output"],
	series		=> [ 1, "series!", 'Display', '--series', "Display programme series names only with number of episodes"],
	showcacheage	=> [ 1, "showcacheage|show-cache-age!", 'Display', '--show-cache-age', "Display the age of the selected programme caches then exit"],
	showoptions	=> [ 1, "showoptions|showopts|show-options!", 'Display', '--show-options', 'Show options which are set and where they are defined'],
	showver		=> [ 1, "V!", 'Display', '-V', "Show get_iplayer version and exit."],
	silent		=> [ 1, "silent!", 'Display', '--silent', "No logging output except PVR download report.  Cannot be saved in preferences or PVR searches."],
	sortmatches	=> [ 1, "sort-matches|sortmatches|sort=s", 'Display', '--sort <fieldname>', "Field to use to sort displayed matches"],
	sortreverse	=> [ 1, "sort-reverse|sortreverse!", 'Display', '--sortreverse', "Reverse order of sorted matches"],
	streaminfo	=> [ 1, "stream-info|streaminfo!", 'Display', '--streaminfo', "Returns all of the media stream URLs of the programme(s)"],
	terse		=> [ 0, "terse!", 'Display', '--terse', "Only show terse programme info (does not affect searching)"],
	tree		=> [ 0, "tree!", 'Display', '--tree', "Display programme listings in a tree view"],
	verbose		=> [ 1, "verbose|v!", 'Display', '--verbose, -v', "Show additional output (useful for diagnosing problems)"],
	warranty	=> [ 1, "warranty!", 'Display', '--warranty', 'Displays warranty section of GPLv3'],

	# External Program

	# Misc
	encodingconsolein	=> [ 1, "encodingconsolein|encoding-console-in=s", 'Misc', '--encoding-console-in <name>', "Character encoding for standard input (currently unused).  Encoding name must be known to Perl Encode module.  Default (only if auto-detect fails): Linux/Unix/macOS = UTF-8, Windows = cp850"],
	encodingconsoleout	=> [ 1, "encodingconsoleout|encoding-console-out=s", 'Misc', '--encoding-console-out <name>', "Character encoding used to encode search results and other output.  Encoding name must be known to Perl Encode module.  Default (only if auto-detect fails): Linux/Unix/macOS = UTF-8, Windows = cp850"],
	encodinglocale	=> [ 1, "encodinglocale|encoding-locale=s", 'Misc', '--encoding-locale <name>', "Character encoding used to decode command-line arguments.  Encoding name must be known to Perl Encode module.  Default (only if auto-detect fails): Linux/Unix/OSX = UTF-8, Windows = cp1252"],
	encodinglocalefs	=> [ 1, "encodinglocalefs|encoding-locale-fs=s", 'Misc', '--encoding-locale-fs <name>', "Character encoding used to encode file and directory names.  Encoding name must be known to Perl Encode module.  Default (only if auto-detect fails): Linux/Unix/macOS = UTF-8, Windows = cp1252"],
	encodingwebrequest	=> [ 1, "encodingwebrequest|encoding-webrequest=s", 'Misc', '--encoding-webrequest <name>', "Character encoding used to encode commands sent from Web PVR.  Encoding name must be known to Perl Encode module.  Default = UTF-8"],
	indexmaxconn	=> [ 1, "indexmaxconn|index-maxconn=n", 'Misc', '--index-maxconn <number>', "Maximum number of connections to use for concurrent programme indexing.  Default: 5 Min: 1 Max: 10"],
	noindexconcurrent	=> [ 1, "noindexconcurrent|no-index-concurrent!", 'Deprecated', '--no-index-concurrent', "Do not use concurrent indexing to update programme cache.  Cache updates will be very slow."],
	releasecheck	=> [ 1, "releasecheck|release-check!", 'Misc', '--release-check', "Forces check for new release if used on command line. Checks for new release weekly if saved in preferences."],
	throttle	=> [ 1, "bw|throttle=f", 'Misc', '--throttle <Mb/s>', "Bandwidth limit (in Mb/s) for media file download. Default: unlimited. Synonym: --bw"],

};

# Pre-processed options instance
my $opt_pre = Options->new();
# Final options instance
my $opt = Options->new();
# Command line options instance
my $opt_cmdline = Options->new();
# Options file instance
my $opt_file = Options->new();
# Bind opt_format to Options class
Options->add_opt_format_object( $opt_format );

# Set Programme/Pvr/Streamer class global var refs to the Options instance
History->add_opt_object( $opt );
Programme->add_opt_object( $opt );
Pvr->add_opt_object( $opt );
Pvr->add_opt_file_object( $opt_file );
Pvr->add_opt_cmdline_object( $opt_cmdline );
Streamer->add_opt_object( $opt );
# Kludge: Create dummy Streamer, History and Programme instances (without a single instance, none of the bound options work)
History->new();
Programme->new();
Streamer->new();

# Print to STDERR/STDOUT if not quiet unless verbose or debug
sub logger(@) {
	my $msg = shift || '';
	# Make sure quiet can be overridden by verbose and debug options
	if ( $opt->{verbose} || $opt->{debug} || ! $opt->{silent} ) {
		# Only send messages to STDERR if pvr
		if ( $opt->{pvr} || $opt->{stderr} ) {
			print STDERR $msg;
		} else {
			print STDOUT $msg;
		}
	}
}

# fallback encodings
$opt->{encodinglocale} = $opt->{encodinglocalefs} = default_encodinglocale();
$opt->{encodingconsoleout} = $opt->{encodingconsolein} = default_encodingconsoleout();
$opt->{encodingwebrequest} = default_encodingwebrequest();
# attempt to automatically determine encodings
eval {
	require Encode::Locale;
};
if (!$@) {
	# set encodings unless already set by PERL_UNICODE or perl -C
	$opt->{encodinglocale} = $Encode::Locale::ENCODING_LOCALE unless (${^UNICODE} & 32);
	$opt->{encodinglocalefs} = $Encode::Locale::ENCODING_LOCALE_FS unless (${^UNICODE} & 32);
	$opt->{encodingconsoleout} = $Encode::Locale::ENCODING_CONSOLE_OUT unless (${^UNICODE} & 6);
	$opt->{encodingconsolein} = $Encode::Locale::ENCODING_CONSOLE_IN unless (${^UNICODE} & 1);
}

# Pre-Parse the cmdline using the opt_format hash so that we know some of the options before we properly parse them later
# Parse options with passthru mode (i.e. ignore unknown options at this stage)
# need to save and restore @ARGV to allow later processing)
my @argv_save = @ARGV;
$opt_pre->parse( 1 );
@ARGV = @argv_save;

# set encodings ASAP
my @encoding_opts = ('encodinglocale', 'encodinglocalefs', 'encodingconsoleout', 'encodingconsolein', 'encodingwebrequest');
foreach ( @encoding_opts ) {
	$opt->{$_} = $opt_pre->{$_} if $opt_pre->{$_};
}
binmode(STDOUT, ":encoding($opt->{encodingconsoleout})");
binmode(STDERR, ":encoding($opt->{encodingconsoleout})");
binmode(STDIN, ":encoding($opt->{encodingconsolein})");

# decode @ARGV unless already decoded by PERL_UNICODE or perl -C
unless ( ${^UNICODE} & 32 ) {
	@ARGV = map { main::decode_cl($_) } @ARGV;
}
# compose UTF-8 args if necessary
if ( $opt->{encodinglocale} =~ /UTF-?8/i ) {
	@ARGV = map { NFKC($_) } @ARGV;
}

validate_cmdline(@ARGV);

# Copy a few options over to opt so that logger works
$opt->{debug} = $opt->{verbose} = 1 if $opt_pre->{debug};
$opt->{verbose} = 1 if $opt_pre->{verbose};
$opt->{silent} = $opt->{quiet} = 1 if $opt_pre->{silent};
$opt->{quiet} = 1 if $opt_pre->{quiet};
$opt->{pvr} = 1 if $opt_pre->{pvr};

# show version and exit
if ( $opt_pre->{showver} ) {
	print STDERR Options->copyright_notice;
	exit 0;
}

# This is where all profile data/caches/cookies etc goes
my $profile_dir;
$ENV{GETIPLAYER_PROFILE} ||= $ENV{GETIPLAYERUSERPREFS};
# Options directories specified by env vars
if ( $ENV{GETIPLAYER_PROFILE} ) {
	$profile_dir = $opt_pre->{profiledir} || $ENV{GETIPLAYER_PROFILE};
# Otherwise look for windows style file locations
} elsif ( $ENV{USERPROFILE} && IS_WIN32 ) {
	$profile_dir = $opt_pre->{profiledir} || File::Spec->catfile($ENV{USERPROFILE}, '.get_iplayer');
# Options on unix-like systems
} elsif ( $ENV{HOME} ) {
	$profile_dir = $opt_pre->{profiledir} || File::Spec->catfile($ENV{HOME}, '.get_iplayer');
}
$profile_dir = main::encode_fs(main::decode_cl($profile_dir));
# This is where user options are specified
my $optfile_default = File::Spec->catfile($profile_dir, 'options');

# This is where system-wide default options are specified
my $optfile_system;
$ENV{GETIPLAYER_DEFAULTS} ||= $ENV{GETIPLAYERSYSPREFS};
# System options file specified by env var
if ( $ENV{GETIPLAYER_DEFAULTS} ) {
	$optfile_system = $ENV{GETIPLAYER_DEFAULTS};
# Otherwise look for windows style file locations
} elsif ( $ENV{ALLUSERSPROFILE} && IS_WIN32 ) {
	$optfile_system = File::Spec->catfile($ENV{ALLUSERSPROFILE}, 'get_iplayer', 'options');
# System options on unix-like systems
} else {
	$optfile_system = '/usr/pkg/etc/get_iplayer/options';
}
# Make profile dir if it doesn't exist
mkpath $profile_dir if ! -d $profile_dir;
$optfile_system = main::encode_fs(main::decode_cl($optfile_system));

$ENV{GETIPLAYER_OUTPUT} ||= $ENV{IPLAYER_OUTDIR};
# default output directory on desktop for Windows/macOS
if ( ! $ENV{GETIPLAYER_OUTPUT} ) {
	my $desktop;
	if ( IS_WIN32 ) {
		eval 'use Win32 qw(CSIDL_DESKTOPDIRECTORY); $desktop = Win32::GetFolderPath(CSIDL_DESKTOPDIRECTORY);';
		if ( $@ ) {
			undef $desktop
		}
	} elsif ( IS_MACOS ) {
		$desktop = File::Spec->catfile($ENV{HOME}, "Desktop")
	}
	$desktop = main::encode_fs(main::decode_cl($desktop));
	if ( $desktop && -d $desktop) {
		$ENV{GETIPLAYER_OUTPUT} = main::encode_cl(main::decode_fs(File::Spec->catfile($desktop, "iPlayer Recordings")));
	}
}

# Parse cmdline opts definitions from each Programme class/subclass
Options->get_class_options( $_ ) for qw( Streamer Programme Programme::bbciplayer Pvr Tagger );
Options->get_class_options( progclass($_) ) for progclass();
Options->get_class_options( "Streamer::$_" ) for qw( hls );

# Parse the cmdline using the opt_format hash
Options->usage( 2 ) if not $opt_cmdline->parse();

validate_quality();

# process --start and --stop if necessary
foreach ('start', 'stop') {
	if ($opt_cmdline->{$_} && $opt_cmdline->{$_} =~ /(\d\d):(\d\d)(:(\d\d))?/) {
		$opt_cmdline->{$_} = $1 * 3600 + $2 * 60 + $4;
	}
}

# ensure --metadata value
if ( defined $opt_cmdline->{metadata} ) {
	if ( $opt_cmdline->{metadata} ne "json" ) {
		$opt_cmdline->{metadata} = "generic";
	}
}

# Set the personal options according to the specified preset
my $optfile_preset;
my $presets_dir;
if ( $opt_cmdline->{preset} ) {
	# create dir if it does not exist
	$presets_dir = File::Spec->catfile($profile_dir, 'presets');
	mkpath $presets_dir if ! -d $presets_dir;
	if ( $opt_cmdline->{preset} !~ m{[\w\-\+]+} || $opt_cmdline->{preset} =~ m{^\-+} ) {
		main::logger "ERROR: Invalid preset name '$opt_cmdline->{preset}'\n";
		exit 1;
	}
	# Sanitize preset file name
	my $presetname = StringUtils::sanitize_path( $opt_cmdline->{preset}, 0, 1 );
	$optfile_preset = File::Spec->catfile($presets_dir, $presetname);
}

# Parse options if we're not saving/adding/deleting options (system-wide options are overridden by personal options)
if ( ! ( $opt_pre->{prefsadd} || $opt_pre->{prefsdel} || $opt_pre->{prefsclear} ) ) {
	# Load options from files into $opt_file
	# system, default and preset options in that order should they exist
	$opt_file->load( $opt, $optfile_system, $optfile_default, $optfile_preset );
	# Copy these loaded options into $opt
	$opt->copy_set_options_from( $opt_file );
}

# Copy to $opt from opt_cmdline those options which are actually set
$opt->copy_set_options_from( $opt_cmdline );

# Update or show user opts file (or preset if defined) if required
if ( $opt_cmdline->{presetlist} ) {
	$opt->preset_list( $presets_dir );
	exit 0;
} elsif ( $opt_cmdline->{prefsadd} ) {
	$opt->add( $opt_cmdline, $optfile_preset || $optfile_default, @ARGV );
	exit 0;
} elsif ( $opt_cmdline->{prefsdel} ) {
	$opt->del( $opt_cmdline, $optfile_preset || $optfile_default, @ARGV );
	exit 0;
} elsif ( $opt_cmdline->{prefsshow} ) {
	$opt->show( $optfile_preset || $optfile_default );
	exit 0;
} elsif ( $opt_cmdline->{prefsclear} ) {
	$opt->clear( $optfile_preset || $optfile_default );
	exit 0;
}

# Show copyright notice
logger Options->copyright_notice if not $opt->{nocopyright};

if ( $opt->{verbose} ) {
	my $ct = time();
	logger "INFO: Start: ".(strftime('%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S', localtime($ct)))." ($ct)\n";
	# show encodings in use
	logger "INFO: $_ = $opt->{$_}\n" for @encoding_opts;
	logger "INFO: \${^UNICODE} = ${^UNICODE}\n" if $opt->{verbose};
	# Display prefs dirs if required
	main::logger "INFO: Profile dir: $profile_dir\n";
	main::logger "INFO: User options file: $optfile_default\n";
	main::logger "INFO: System options file: $optfile_system\n";
}

# Display Usage
Options->usage( 2 ) if $opt_cmdline->{helpbasic};
Options->usage( 0 ) if $opt_cmdline->{help};
Options->usage( 1 ) if $opt_cmdline->{helplong};

# Dump all option keys and descriptions if required
Options->usage( 1, 0, 1 ) if $opt_pre->{dumpoptions};

# Generate man page
Options->usage( 1, $opt_cmdline->{manpage} ) if $opt_cmdline->{manpage};

# Display GPLv3 stuff
if ( $opt_cmdline->{warranty} || $opt_cmdline->{conditions}) {
	# Get license from GNU
	logger request_url_retry( create_ua( 'get_iplayer', 1 ), "https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0.txt"."\n", 1);
	exit 1;
}

########## Global vars ###########

#my @cache_format = qw/index type name pid available episode versions duration desc channel categories thumbnail timeadded guidance web/;
my @history_format = qw/pid name episode type timeadded mode filename versions duration desc channel categories thumbnail guidance web episodenum seriesnum/;
# Ranges of numbers used in the indices for each programme type
my $max_index = 0;
for ( progclass() ) {
	# Set maximum index number
	$max_index = progclass($_)->index_max if progclass($_)->index_max > $max_index;
}

# Setup signal handlers
$SIG{INT} = $SIG{PIPE} = \&cleanup;

# Other Non option-dependent vars
my $historyfile		= File::Spec->catfile($profile_dir, "download_history");
my $cookiejar		= File::Spec->catfile($profile_dir, "cookies.");
my $lwp_request_timeout	= 20;
my $info_limit		= 40;
my $proxy_save;

# Option dependent var definitions
my $bin;
my $binopts;
my @search_args = map { $_ eq "*" ? ".*" : $_ } @ARGV;
my $memcache = {};

########### Main processing ###########

# Use --webrequest to specify options in urlencoded format
if ( $opt->{webrequest} ) {
	# parse GET args
	my @webopts = split /[\&\?]/, $opt->{webrequest};
	for (@webopts) {
		# URL decode it (value should then be decoded as UTF-8)
		$_ = main::decode_wr(main::url_decode( $_ ), FB_EMPTY);
		my ( $optname, $value );
		# opt val pair
		if ( m{^\s*([\w\-]+?)[\s=](.+)$} ) {
			( $optname, $value ) = ( $1, $2 );
		# flag only
		} elsif ( m{^\s*([\w\-]+)$} ) {
			( $optname, $value ) = ( $1, 1 );
		}
		# if the option is valid then add it
		if ( defined $opt_format->{$optname} ) {
			$opt_cmdline->{$optname} = $value;
			logger "INFO: webrequest OPT: $optname=$value\n" if $opt->{verbose};
		# Ignore invalid opts
		} else {
			logger "ERROR: Invalid webrequest OPT: $optname=$value\n" if $opt->{verbose};
		}
	}
	# Copy to $opt from opt_cmdline those options which are actually set - allows pvr-add to work which only looks at cmdline args
	$opt->copy_set_options_from( $opt_cmdline );
	# Remove this option now we've processed it
	delete $opt->{webrequest};
	delete $opt_cmdline->{webrequest};
}

# Add --search option to @search_args if specified
if ( defined $opt->{search} ) {
	$opt->{search} = ".*" if $opt->{search} eq "*";
	push @search_args, $opt->{search};
	# Remove this option now we've processed it
	delete $opt->{search};
	delete $opt_cmdline->{search};
}
# check if no search term(s) specified
my $no_search_args = $#search_args < 0;

# Auto-detect http://, <type>:http:// or bbc-ipd: in a search term and set it as a --pid option (disable if --fields is used).
if ( ! $opt->{pid} && ! $opt->{fields} ) {
	if ( $search_args[0] =~ m{^(\w+:)?https?://} ) {
		$opt->{pid} = $search_args[0];
	}
	elsif ( $search_args[0] =~ m{^bbc-ipd:/*download/(\w+)/\w+/(\w+)/} ) {
		$opt->{pid} = $1;
	}
}

if ( $opt->{pid} ) {
	my @search_pids;
	if ( ref($opt->{pid}) eq 'ARRAY' ) {
		push @search_pids, @{$opt->{pid}};
	} else {
		push @search_pids, $opt->{pid};
	}
	$opt->{pid} = join( ',', @search_pids );
	$opt_cmdline->{pid} = $opt->{pid};
}

# PVR Lockfile location (keep global so that cleanup sub can unlink it)
my $lockfile = File::Spec->catfile($profile_dir, 'pvr_lock');

# Delete cookies each session
unlink($cookiejar.'desktop');
unlink($cookiejar.'safari');
unlink($cookiejar.'coremedia');

# Create new PVR instance
# $pvr->{searchname}->{<option>} = <value>;
my $pvr = Pvr->new();
# Set some class-wide values
$pvr->setvar('pvr_dir', File::Spec->catfile($profile_dir, "pvr"));

release_check();
my $retcode = 0;
# mark downloaded
if ( $opt->{markdownloaded} ) {
	if ( ! $opt->{pid} && $no_search_args ) {
		main::logger "ERROR: Search term(s) or --pid or --url required with --mark-downloaded\n";
		exit 1;
	}
	my $hist = History->new();
	my @eps;
	if ( $opt->{pid} ) {
		my @pids = split( /,/, $opt->{pid} );
		@eps = find_pid_matches( $hist, @pids );
	} else {
		my @bad = grep !/\w/, @search_args;
		if ( @bad ) {
			main::logger "ERROR: '".(join "','", @bad)."' not permitted as search term(s) with --mark-downloaded\n";
			exit 1;
		}
		@eps = find_matches( $hist, @search_args );
	}
	if ( @eps ) {
		main::logger "INFO: Test only - download history will not be updated\n" if $opt->{test};
		for my $ep ( @eps ) {
			next if $hist->check( $ep->{pid} );
			main::logger "INFO: Mark downloaded $ep->{type}: '$ep->{name} - $ep->{episode} ($ep->{pid})'\n";
			$hist->add( $ep ) unless $opt->{test};
		}
	}
# PVR functions
} elsif ( $opt->{pvrseries} ) {
	if ( $no_search_args ) {
		main::logger "ERROR: Search term(s) required with --pvr-series\n";
		exit 1;
	}
	my @bad = grep !/\w/, @search_args;
	if ( @bad ) {
		main::logger "ERROR: '".(join "','", @bad)."' not permitted as search term(s) with --pvr-series\n";
		exit 1;
	}
	my $hist = History->new();
	my @matches = find_matches( $hist, @search_args );
	my %seen;
	for my $this ( @matches ) {
		next if $seen{$this->{name}};
		$seen{$this->{name}} = 1;
		(my $pvr_search = $this->{name}) =~ s/([\\\^\$\.\|\?\*\+\(\)\[\]])/\\$1/g;;
		$pvr_search = "^${pvr_search}\$";
		(my $pvr_name = $pvr_search) =~ s/[^\w]+/_/g;
		$pvr_name .= "_name_$this->{type}";
		$opt_cmdline->{type} = $this->{type};
		$pvr->add( $pvr_name, $pvr_search );
	}

} elsif ( $opt->{pvradd} ) {
	if ( ! $opt->{pid} && $no_search_args ) {
		main::logger "ERROR: Search term(s) or --pid or --url required with --pvr-add\n";
		exit 1;
	}
	$pvr->add( $opt->{pvradd}, @search_args );

} elsif ( $opt->{pvrdel} ) {
	$pvr->del( $opt->{pvrdel} );

} elsif ( $opt->{pvrdisable} ) {
	$pvr->disable( $opt->{pvrdisable} );

} elsif ( $opt->{pvrenable} ) {
	$pvr->enable( $opt->{pvrenable} );

} elsif ( $opt->{pvrlist} ) {
	$pvr->display_list();

} elsif ( $opt->{pvrqueue} ) {
	if ( ! $opt->{pid} && $no_search_args ) {
		main::logger "ERROR: Search term(s) or --pid or --url required with --pvr-queue\n";
		exit 1;
	}
	$pvr->queue( @search_args );

} elsif ( $opt->{pvrscheduler} ) {
	if ( $opt->{pvrscheduler} < 1800 ) {
		main::logger "ERROR: PVR schedule duration must be at least 1800 seconds\n";
		unlink $lockfile;
		exit 5;
	};
	lockfile() if ! $opt->{test};
	$pvr->run_scheduler();

} elsif ( $opt->{pvr} ) {
	lockfile() if ! $opt->{test};
	$retcode = $pvr->run( @search_args );
	unlink $lockfile;

} elsif ( $opt->{pvrsingle} ) {
	lockfile() if ! $opt->{test};
	$retcode = $pvr->run( '^'.$opt->{pvrsingle}.'$' );
	unlink $lockfile;

# Record prog specified by --pid option
} elsif ( $opt->{pid} ) {
	my $hist = History->new();
	my @pids = split( /,/, $opt->{pid} );
	$retcode = download_pid_matches( $hist, find_pid_matches( $hist, @pids ) );

# Show history
} elsif ( $opt->{history} ) {
	my $hist = History->new();
	$hist->list_progs( @search_args );

# Else just process command line args
} else {
	if ( $opt->{get} && $no_search_args ) {
		main::logger "ERROR: Search term(s) required for recording\n";
		exit 1;
	}
	my $hist = History->new();
	$retcode = download_matches( $hist, find_matches( $hist, @search_args ) );
}
exit $retcode;

# check for renamed options on command ilne
sub validate_cmdline {
	my %ren_remap = (
		"--modes?" => "--quality",
		"--tv-?mode|--vmode" => "--tv-quality",
		"--radio-?mode|--amode" => "--radio-quality",
		"--fps25" => "--tv-lower-bitrate",
	);
	my $ren_regex = "(" . join("|", keys %ren_remap) . ")";
	my @ren_opts = map { $_ =~ s/=.*$//; $_;} grep( /^${ren_regex}\b/, @_ );
	my $ren_found;
	for my $ren_opt ( @ren_opts ) {
		$ren_found = 1;
		logger "ERROR: $ren_opt is no longer valid.";
		for my $ren_key ( keys %ren_remap ) {
			if ( $ren_opt =~ m/$ren_key/ ) {
				logger " Use $ren_remap{$ren_key}." if $ren_remap{$ren_key};
				last;
			}
		}
		logger "\n";
	}
	exit 1 if $ren_found;
}

# check for invalid quality values on command ilne
sub validate_quality {
	my $regex_quality = {
		tvquality => "fhd|hd|sd|web|mobile|1080p?|720p?|540p?|396p?|288p?",
		radioquality => "high|std|med|low|320k?|128k?|96k?|48k?"
	};
	$regex_quality->{quality} = "$regex_quality->{tvquality}|$regex_quality->{radioquality}";
	my $ok_quality;
	for my $regex_key ( keys %$regex_quality ) {
		$regex_quality->{$regex_key} .= "|default";
		$ok_quality->{$regex_key} = $regex_quality->{$regex_key};
		$ok_quality->{$regex_key} =~ s/[\?\|]+/,/g;
	}
	my $bad_quality;
	for my $opt_quality ( "modes", "tvmode", "radiomode" ) {
		(my $cmd_quality = $opt_quality) =~ s/modes?/quality/;
		my @bad_quality;
		if ( $opt_cmdline->{$opt_quality} ) {
			@bad_quality = grep( !/^($regex_quality->{$cmd_quality})$/, split( /,/, $opt_cmdline->{$opt_quality} ) );
			if ( @bad_quality ) {
				$bad_quality = 1;
				logger "ERROR: Invalid value(s) in --${cmd_quality}: '" . join(",", @bad_quality) . "'.";
				logger " Must be one or more of: $ok_quality->{$cmd_quality}.";
				logger " See: https://github.com/get-iplayer/get_iplayer/wiki/quality\n"
			}
		}
	}
	exit 1 if $bad_quality;
}

sub release_check {
	my $force_check;
	if ( $opt_cmdline->{releasecheck} ) {
		$force_check = 1;
	} else {
		return 0 unless $opt->{releasecheck};
	}
	my $now = time();
	my $relchk_file = File::Spec->catfile($profile_dir, "release_check");
	if ( $force_check || ! -f $relchk_file || $now - stat($relchk_file)->mtime > 7 * 86400 ) {
		main::logger "INFO: Checking for new release\n";
		my $repo_suffix;
		if ( IS_MACOS ) {
			$repo_suffix = "_macos";
		} elsif ( IS_WIN32 ) {
			$repo_suffix = "_win32";
		}
		my $releases_url = "https://github.com/get-iplayer/get_iplayer${repo_suffix}/releases";
		my $atom_url = "${releases_url}.atom";
		my $atom = main::request_url_retry( main::create_ua( 'desktop', 1 ), $atom_url, 3 );
		$atom =~ s/(^\s+|\s+$)//g;
		unless ( $atom ) {
			main::logger "ERROR: Failed to download data for release check\n";
			return 1;
		}
		unless ( $atom =~ m{<title>(v?[\d.]+)</title>} ) {
			main::logger "ERROR: Invalid data downloaded for release check\n";
			return 1;
		}
		my $latest = $1;
		my $new = $latest;
		my $old = $version_text;
		for ( $new, $old ) {
			$_ =~ s/^v?([\d.]+).*$/$1/g;
			$_ =~ s/^(\d+\.\d+)$/$1.0/;
			unless ( $_ =~ /^\d+(\.\d+){2}$/ ) {
				main::logger "WARNING: Unrecognised version number for release check: $_\n";
				return 1;
			}
		}
		my $relchk_msg = "release_check: now=$now latest=$latest version_text=$version_text new=$new old=$old";
		main::logger "INFO: $relchk_msg\n" if $opt->{verbose};
		if ( version->parse($new) > version->parse($old) ) {
			main::logger "INFO: New release ($latest) is available\n";
			main::logger "INFO: ${releases_url}/latest\n";
			main::logger "INFO: Check for new release with your package management system if appropriate\n" unless $repo_suffix;
		} else {
			main::logger "INFO: You have the latest release ($version_text)\n";
		}
		if (! open (RELCHK, "> $relchk_file") ) {
			main::logger "ERROR: Cannot write to release check file: $relchk_file\n";
			return 1;
		}
		print RELCHK "$relchk_msg\n";
		close RELCHK;
	}
}

sub print_divider {
	main::logger $opt->{verbose} ? "${\DIVIDER}\n" : "\n";
}

sub init_search {
	my @search_args = @_;
	print_divider;

	if ( $opt->{nosanitise} ) {
		$opt->{whitespace} = 1;
	}

	# Set --subtitles if --subsonly is used
	if ( $opt->{subsonly} ) {
		$opt->{subtitles} = 1;
	}

	if ( $opt->{subsembed} ) {
		$opt->{subsmono} = 1;
	}

	# Set --thumbnail if --thumbonly is used
	if ( $opt->{thumbonly} ) {
		$opt->{thumb} = 1;
	}

	# Set --cue-sheet if --cue-sheet-only is used
	if ( $opt->{cuesheetonly} ) {
		$opt->{cuesheet} = 1;
	}

	# Set --tracklist if --tracklist-only is used
	if ( $opt->{tracklistonly} ) {
		$opt->{tracklist} = 1;
	}

	# Set --credits if --credits-only is used
	if ( $opt->{creditsonly} ) {
		$opt->{credits} = 1;
	}

	# Set --metadata if --metadata-only is used
	if ( defined $opt->{metadata} || $opt->{metadataonly} ) {
		if ( $opt->{metadata} ne "json" ) {
			$opt->{metadata} = "generic";
		}
	}

	if ( $opt->{nometadata} && ! $opt->{metadataonly} ) {
		delete $opt->{metadata};
	}

	# Set --pid-recursive if --pid-recursive-list is used
	if ( $opt->{pidrecursivelist} ) {
		$opt->{pidrecursive} = 1;
	}

	# Ensure lowercase types
	$opt->{type} = lc( $opt->{type} ) if $opt->{type};
	# Expand 'all' type to comma separated list all prog types
	$opt->{type} = join( ',', progclass() ) if $opt->{type} =~ /(all|any)/i;

	# Force nowrite if metadata/subs/thumb-only
	if ( $opt->{metadataonly} || $opt->{subsonly} || $opt->{thumbonly} || $opt->{cuesheetonly} || $opt->{tracklistonly} || $opt->{creditsonly} || $opt->{tagonly} ) {
		$opt->{nowrite} = 1;
	}

	# use --force with --audio-only so audio stream for previous download can be retrieved
	if ( $opt->{audioonly} ) {
		$opt->{force} = 1;
	}

	# ensure --raw set with --mpeg-ts
	if ( $opt->{mpegts} ) {
		$opt->{raw} = 1;
	}

	# List all options and where they are set from then exit
	if ( $opt_cmdline->{showoptions} ) {
		# Show all options andf where set from
		$opt_file->display('Options from Files');
		$opt_cmdline->display('Options from Command Line');
		$opt->display('Options Used');
		logger "Search Args: ".join(' ', @search_args)."\n\n";
	}

	# Web proxy
	if ( $opt->{noproxy} ) {
		delete $opt->{proxy};
	} else {
		unless ( $opt->{proxy} ) {
			$opt->{proxy} = $ENV{HTTP_PROXY} || $ENV{http_proxy};
			delete $opt->{proxy} unless defined $opt->{proxy};
		}
		logger "INFO: Using proxy: $opt->{proxy}\n" if $opt->{proxy};
	}

	# hash of prog types specified
	my $type = {};
	$type->{$_} = 1 for split /,/, $opt->{type};

	# Default to type=tv if no type option is set
	$type->{tv}		= 1 if keys %{ $type } == 0;

	# Sanity check valid --type specified
	for (keys %{ $type }) {
		if ( not is_prog_type($_) ) {
			logger "ERROR: Invalid type '$_' specified. Valid types are: ".( join ',', progclass() )."\n";
			exit 3;
		}
	}

	if ( $opt->{pidrecursive} && defined $opt->{pidrecursivetype} and not is_prog_type($opt->{pidrecursivetype}) ) {
		logger "ERROR: Invalid --pid-recursive-type '$opt->{pidrecursivetype}' specified. Valid value is one of: ".( join ',', progclass() )."\n";
		exit 3;
	}

	# exit if only showing options
	exit 0 if ( $opt_cmdline->{showoptions} );

	# Display the ages of the selected caches in seconds
	if ( $opt->{showcacheage} ) {
		for ( keys %{ $type } ) {
			my $cachefile = File::Spec->catfile($profile_dir, "${_}.cache");;
			main::logger "INFO: $_ cache age: ".( time() - stat($cachefile)->mtime )." secs\n" if -f $cachefile;
		}
		exit 0;
	}

	if ( defined $opt->{indexmaxconn} ) {
		$opt->{indexmaxconn} = 10 if $opt->{indexmaxconn} > 10;
		$opt->{indexmaxconn} = 1 if $opt->{indexmaxconn} < 1;
	}

	# Show options
	$opt->display('Current options') if $opt->{verbose};
	# $prog->{pid}->object hash
	my $prog = {};
	# obtain prog object given index. e.g. $index_prog->{$index_no}->{element};
	my $index_prog = {};
	logger "INFO: Search args: '".(join "','", @search_args)."'\n" if $opt->{verbose};

	return ( $type, $prog, $index_prog );
}

sub find_pid_matches {
	my $hist = shift;
	my @opt_pids = @_;
	my @match_list;
	my @ep_list;
	my %ep_seen;
	my %ep_types;
	my ( $type, $prog, $index_prog ) = init_search();
	my $now = time();
	for my $opt_pid ( @opt_pids ) {
		my $opt_type = "tv";
		# If $pid is in the form of '<type>:<pid>' and <type> is a valid type
		if ( $opt_pid =~ m{^(.+?)\:(.+?)$} && is_prog_type(lc($1)) ) {
			($opt_type, $opt_pid) = ( lc($1), $2 );
		}
		# See if the specified pid has other episode pids embedded - results in another list of pids.
		my $dummy = progclass($opt_type)->new( pid => $opt_pid, type => $opt_type );
		my $eps = $dummy->get_episodes_recursive();
		next unless ( $eps && @$eps );
		for my $ep ( @$eps ) {
			next if $ep_seen{$ep->{pid}};
			$ep_seen{$ep->{pid}} = 1;
			next if ( $opt->{hide} && ! $opt->{force} && $hist->check( $ep->{pid}, 1 ) );
			$ep_types{$ep->{type}} = 1 unless $ep_types{$ep->{type}};
			push @ep_list, $ep;
		}
	}
	if ( $opt->{pidindex} ) {
		for my $t ( keys %ep_types ) {
			get_links( $prog, $index_prog, $t, 0, $now );
		}
	}
	my $ep_hash;
	my $ep_index;
	for my $ep ( @ep_list ) {
			my $this;
			if ( $prog->{$ep->{pid}}->{pid} ) {
				$this = $prog->{$ep->{pid}};
			} else {
				$this = $ep;
			}
			$this->{index} = ++$ep_index;
			$ep_hash->{$this->{pid}} = $this;
			push @match_list, $this;
	}
	if ( $opt->{pidrecursive} ) {
		@match_list = get_pid_recursive_matches($ep_hash);
	}
	if ( @match_list ) {
		my $show_type = keys %ep_types > 1;
		if ( $opt->{sortreverse} ) {
			@match_list = reverse @match_list;
		}
		main::logger "Episodes:\n";
		for my $ep ( @match_list ) {
			my $ep_desc = " - $ep->{desc}" if $opt->{long} && $ep->{desc};
			my $ep_type = "$ep->{type}, " if $show_type;
			main::logger "${ep_type}$ep->{name} - $ep->{episode}, $ep->{channel}, $ep->{pid}${ep_desc}\n";
		}
	}
	main::logger "INFO: ".(scalar @match_list)." total programmes\n";
	# return empty list if not downloading
	if ( $opt->{pidrecursivelist} ) {
		return;
	}
	return @match_list;
}

sub get_pid_recursive_matches {
	my $prog = shift;
	my $download_regex = $opt->{pidrecursivesearch} || ".*";
	my %download_hash;
	my ( $channel_regex, $channel_exclude_regex, $exclude_regex, $type_regex );
	if ( $opt->{pidrecursivechannel} ) {
		$channel_regex = '('.(join '|', ( split /,/, $opt->{pidrecursivechannel} ) ).')';
	} else {
		$channel_regex = '.*';
	}
	if ( $opt->{pidrecursiveexcludechannel} ) {
		$channel_exclude_regex = '('.(join '|', ( split /,/, $opt->{pidrecursiveexcludechannel} ) ).')';
	} else {
		$channel_exclude_regex = '^_ROGUE_VALUE_$';
	}
	if ( $opt->{pidrecursiveexclude} ) {
		$exclude_regex = '('.(join '|', ( split /,/, $opt->{pidrecursiveexclude} ) ).')';
	} else {
		$exclude_regex = '^_ROGUE_VALUE_$';
	}
	if ( $opt->{pidrecursivetype} ) {
		$type_regex = '('.(join '|', ( split /,/, $opt->{pidrecursivetype} ) ).')';
	} else {
		$type_regex = '.*';
	}
	if ( $opt->{verbose} ) {
		main::logger "DEBUG: Recursive download_regex = $download_regex\n";
		main::logger "DEBUG: Recursive channel_regex = $channel_regex\n";
		main::logger "DEBUG: Recursive channel_exclude_regex = $channel_exclude_regex\n";
		main::logger "DEBUG: Recursive exclude_regex = $exclude_regex\n";
		main::logger "DEBUG: Recursive type_regex = $type_regex\n";
		main::logger "\n";
	}
	# Determine fields to search
	my @searchfields = ( 'name', 'episode' );
	# Loop through each prog object
	for my $this ( values %{ $prog } ) {
		# Only include programmes matching channels and category regexes
		if ( $this->{channel} =~ /$channel_regex/i
			&& $this->{channel} !~ /$channel_exclude_regex/i
			&& $this->{type} =~ /$type_regex/i
		) {
			# Add included matches
			my @compund_fields;
			push @compund_fields, $this->{$_} for @searchfields;
			$download_hash{ $this->{index} } = $this if (join ' ', @compund_fields) =~ /$download_regex/i;
		}
	}
	# Remove excluded matches
	for my $field ( @searchfields ) {
		for my $index ( keys %download_hash ) {
			my $this = $download_hash{$index};
			delete $download_hash{$index} if $this->{ $field } =~ /$exclude_regex/i;
		}
	}
	my @match_list;
	# Add all matching prog objects to array
	for my $index ( sort {$a <=> $b} keys %download_hash ) {
		push @match_list, $download_hash{$index};
	}
	return @match_list;
}

sub download_pid_matches {
	my $hist = shift;
	my @match_list = @_;
	my $failcount = 0;
	if ( $opt->{info} || $opt->{metadataonly} || $opt->{thumbonly} || $opt->{cuesheetonly} || $opt->{tracklistonly} || $opt->{creditsonly} || $opt->{subsonly} || $opt->{tagonly} || $opt->{streaminfo} ) {
		download_other( $hist, @match_list );
	} elsif ( ! ( ( $opt->{pidrecursive} || $opt->{pvr} || $opt->{pvrsingle} || $opt->{pvrscheduler} ) && $opt->{test} ) ) {
		for my $this (@match_list) {
			print_divider;
			if ( $this->{available} && (! $opt->{future}) && Programme::get_time_string( $this->{available} ) > time() ) {
				logger "WARNING: Future programme may not yet be available ($this->{pid}): '$this->{index}: $this->{name} - $this->{episode} - $this->{available}'\n";
			}
			$failcount += $this->download_retry_loop( $hist );
		}
	}
	return $failcount;
}

# Use the specified options to process the matches in specified array
# Usage: find_matches( $pids_history_ref, @search_args )
# Returns: array of objects to be downloaded
#      or: number of failed/remaining programmes to record using the match (excluding previously recorded progs) if --pid is specified
sub find_matches {
	my $hist = shift;
	my @search_args = @_;
	my ( $type, $prog, $index_prog ) = init_search( @search_args );
	my $now = time();

	# We don't actually need to get the links first for the specifiied type(s) if we have only index number specified (and not --list)
	my %got_cache;
	my $need_get_links = 0;
	if ( (! $opt->{list} ) ) {
		for ( @search_args ) {
			if ( (! /^[\d]+$/) || $_ > $max_index || $_ < 1 ) {
				logger "DEBUG: arg '$_' is not a programme index number - load specified caches\n" if $opt->{debug};
				$need_get_links = 1;
				last;
			}
		}
	}
	$need_get_links = 1 if ! @search_args && ( $opt->{refresh} || $opt->{cacherebuild} );
	# Pre-populate caches if --list option used or there was a non-index specified
	if ( $need_get_links || $opt->{list} ) {
		# Get stream links from web site or from cache (also populates all hashes) specified in --type option
		for my $t ( reverse sort keys %{ $type } ) {
			get_links( $prog, $index_prog, $t, 0, $now );
			$got_cache{ $t } = 1;
		}
	}

	unless ( @search_args ) {
		if ( !( $opt->{refresh} || $opt->{cacherebuild} ) && grep(/^(exclude|category|excludecategory|channel|excludechannel|availablesince|expiresbefore|since|before|list|tree|fields|future|long|type)$/, keys %{$opt}) ) {
			# force to stderr for web pvr
			print STDERR "ERROR: Search term(s) required. To list all programmes, use \".*\" (incl. quotes)\n";
		}
		return;
	}

	# Parse remaining args
	my @match_list;
	my @index_search_args;
	for ( @search_args ) {
		chomp();

		# If Numerical value < $max_index and the object exists from loaded prog types
		if ( /^[\d]+$/ && $_ <= $max_index ) {
			if ( defined $index_prog->{$_} ) {
				logger "INFO: Search term '$_' is an Index value\n" if $opt->{verbose};
				push @match_list, $index_prog->{$_};
			} else {
				# Add to another list to search in other prog types
				push @index_search_args, $_;
			}

		# If PID then find matching programmes with 'pid:<pid>'
		} elsif ( m{^\s*pid:(.+?)\s*$}i ) {
			if ( defined $prog->{$1} ) {
				logger "INFO: Search term '$1' is a pid\n" if $opt->{verbose};
				push @match_list, $prog->{$1};
			} else {
				logger "INFO: Search term '$1' is a non-existent pid, use --pid instead and/or specify the correct programme type\n";
			}

		# Else assume this is a programme name regex
		} elsif ( $_ ) {
			logger "INFO: Search term '$_' is a substring or regular expression\n" if $opt->{verbose};
			push @match_list, get_regex_matches( $prog, $_ );
		}
	}

	# List elements (i.e. 'channel' 'categories') if required and exit
	if ( $opt->{list} ) {
		list_unique_element_counts( $type, $opt->{list}, @match_list );
		exit 0;
	}

	# Go get the cached data for other programme types if the index numbers require it
	for my $index ( @index_search_args ) {
		# see if this index number falls into a valid range for a prog type
		for my $prog_type ( progclass() ) {
			if ( $index >= progclass($prog_type)->index_min && $index <= progclass($prog_type)->index_max && ( ! $got_cache{$prog_type} ) ) {
				logger "DEBUG: Looking for index $index in $prog_type type\n" if $opt->{debug};
				# Get extra required programme caches
				logger "INFO: Additionally getting cached programme data for $prog_type\n" if $opt->{verbose};
				# Add new prog types to the type list
				$type->{$prog_type} = 1;
				# Get $prog_type stream links
				get_links( $prog, $index_prog, $prog_type, 0, $now );
				$got_cache{$prog_type} = 1;
			}
		}
		# Now check again if the index number exists in the cache before adding this prog to the match list
		if ( defined $index_prog->{$index}->{pid} ) {
			push @match_list, $index_prog->{$index} if defined $index_prog->{$index}->{pid};
		} else {
			logger "WARNING: Unmatched programme index '$index' specified - ignoring\n";
		}
	}

	# De-dup matches and retain order
	@match_list = main::make_array_unique_ordered( @match_list );

	# Prune out pids already recorded if opt{hide} is specified
	if ( $opt->{hide} && ( not $opt->{force} ) ) {
		my @pruned;
		for my $this (@match_list) {
			# If the prog object exists with pid in history delete it from the prog list
			if ( $hist->check( $this->{pid}, 1 ) ) {
				logger "DEBUG: Ignoring Prog: '$this->{index}: $this->{name} - $this->{episode}'\n" if $opt->{debug};
			} else {
				push @pruned, $this;
			}
		}
		@match_list = @pruned;
	}

	# Prune future scheduled matches if not specified
	if ( ! $opt->{future} ) {
		my $now = time();
		my @pruned;
		my $ignored;
		my $no_future_warn = $opt->{pvr} || $opt->{pvrsingle} || $opt->{pvrscheduler};
		for my $this (@match_list) {
			# If the prog object exists with pid in history delete it from the prog list
			my $available = Programme::get_time_string( $this->{available} );
			if ( $available && ( $available > $now ) ) {
				logger "WARNING: Ignoring future programme ($this->{pid}): '$this->{index}: $this->{name} - $this->{episode} - $this->{available}'\n" unless $no_future_warn;
				$ignored = 1;
			} else {
				push @pruned, $this;
			}
		}
		@match_list = @pruned;
		logger "WARNING: Use --future to download future programmes that are already available from iPlayer\n" if $ignored && ! $no_future_warn;
	}

	# apply sort
	@match_list = sort_matches(@match_list);

	# Truncate the array of matches if --limit-matches is specified
	if ( $opt->{limitmatches} && $#match_list > $opt->{limitmatches} - 1 ) {
		$#match_list = $opt->{limitmatches} - 1;
		main::logger "WARNING: The list of matching results was limited to $opt->{limitmatches} by --limit-matches\n";
	}

	# Display list for recording
	list_progs( $type, @match_list );

	return @match_list;
}

sub download_matches {
	my $hist = shift;
	my @match_list = @_;
	my $failcount = 0;
	if ( $opt->{info} || $opt->{metadataonly} || $opt->{thumbonly} || $opt->{cuesheetonly} || $opt->{tracklistonly} || $opt->{creditsonly} || $opt->{subsonly} || $opt->{tagonly} || $opt->{streaminfo} ) {
		download_other( $hist, @match_list );
	} elsif ( $opt->{get} && ! ( ( $opt->{pvr} || $opt->{pvrsingle} || $opt->{pvrscheduler} ) && $opt->{test} ) ) {
		for my $this (@match_list) {
			print_divider;
			$failcount += $this->download_retry_loop( $hist );
		}
	}
	return $failcount;
}

sub download_other {
	my $hist = shift;
	my @match_list = @_;
	my $ua = create_ua( 'desktop', 1 );
	for my $this ( @match_list ) {
		print_divider;
		$this->get_metadata_general();
		if ( $this->get_metadata( $ua ) ) {
			main::logger "ERROR: Could not get programme metadata\n" if $opt->{verbose};
			next;
		}
		# Search versions for versionlist versions
		my @versions = $this->generate_version_list;
		# Use first version in list if a version list is not specified
		$this->{version} = $versions[0] || 'default';
		$this->generate_filenames( $ua, $this->file_prefix_format() );
		# info
		$this->display_metadata( sort keys %{ $this } ) if $opt->{info};
		# metadata
		if ( $opt->{metadataonly} ) {
			$this->create_dir();
			$this->create_metadata_file;
		}
		# thumbnail
		if ( $opt->{thumbonly} && $this->{thumbnail} ) {
			$this->create_dir();
			$this->download_thumbnail();
		}
		# cuesheet/tracklist
		my $tracklist_found = -f $this->{tracklist};
		if ( ( $opt->{cuesheetonly} && $this->{cuesheet} ) || ( $opt->{tracklistonly} && $this->{tracklist} ) ) {
			$this->create_dir();
			$this->download_tracklist();
		}
		# credits
		if ( $opt->{creditsonly} && $this->{credits} ) {
			$this->create_dir();
			$this->download_credits();
		}
		# tag
		if ( $opt->{tagonly} && ! $opt->{notag} ) {
			$this->create_dir();
			$this->tag_file;
		}
		# remove tracklist if not required
		unlink( $this->{tracklist} ) if ! $tracklist_found && $opt->{cuesheetonly} && ! $opt->{tracklistonly};
		# subs (only for tv)
		if ( $opt->{subsonly} && $this->{type} eq 'tv') {
			$this->create_dir();
			unless ( $this->download_subtitles( $ua, $this->{subspart}, \@versions ) ) {
				# Rename the subtitle file accordingly if the stream get was successful
				move($this->{subspart}, $this->{subsfile}) if -f $this->{subspart};
			}
		}
		# streaminfo
		if ( $opt->{streaminfo} ) {
			main::display_stream_info( $this, $this->{verpids}->{$this->{version}}, $this->{version} );
		}
		# remove offending metadata
		delete $this->{filename};
		delete $this->{filepart};
		delete $this->{ext};
	}
}

sub sort_matches {
	my @matches = @_;

	# Sort array by specified field
	if ( $opt->{sortmatches} ) {
		# disable tree mode
		delete $opt->{tree};

		# Lookup table for numeric search fields
		my %sorttype = (
			index		=> 1,
			duration	=> 1,
			timeadded	=> 1,
			expires => 1,
		);
		my $sort_prog;
		for my $this ( @matches ) {
			# field needs to be made to be unique by adding '|pid'
			$sort_prog->{ "$this->{ $opt->{sortmatches} }|$this->{pid}" } = $this;
		}
		@matches = ();
		# Numeric search
		if ( defined $sorttype{ $opt->{sortmatches} } ) {
			for my $key ( sort {$a <=> $b} keys %{ $sort_prog } ) {
				push @matches, $sort_prog->{$key};
			}
		# alphanumeric search
		} else {
			for my $key ( sort {lc $a cmp lc $b} keys %{ $sort_prog } ) {
				push @matches, $sort_prog->{$key};
			}
		}
	}
	# Reverse sort?
	if ( $opt->{sortreverse} ) {
		my @tmp = reverse @matches;
		@matches = @tmp;
	}

	return @matches;
}

# Usage: list_progs( \%type, @prog_refs )
# Lists progs given an array of index numbers
sub list_progs {
	my $typeref = shift;
	# Use a rogue value if undefined
	my $number_of_types = keys %{$typeref} || 2;
	my $ua = create_ua( 'desktop', 1 );
	my %names;
	my ( @matches ) = ( @_ );

	# Setup user agent for a persistent connection to get programme metadata
	if ( $opt->{info} ) {
		# Truncate array if were lisiting info and > $info_limit entries are requested - be nice to the beeb!
		if ( $#matches >= $info_limit ) {
			$#matches = $info_limit - 1;
			logger "WARNING: Only processing the first $info_limit matches\n";
		}
	}

	# Determine number of episodes for each name
	my %episodes;
	my $episode_width;
	if ( $opt->{series} ) {
		for my $this (@matches) {
			$episodes{ $this->{name} }++;
			$episode_width = length( $this->{name} ) if length( $this->{name} ) > $episode_width;
		}
	}

	# Sort display order by field (won't work in tree mode)

	# Calculate page sizes etc if required
	my $items = $#matches+1;
	my ( $pages, $page, $pagesize, $first, $last );
	if ( ! $opt->{page} ) {
		logger "Matches:\n" if $#matches >= 0;
	} else {
		$pagesize = $opt->{pagesize} || 25;
		# Calc first and last programme numbers
		$first = $pagesize * ( $opt->{page} - 1 );
		$last = $first + $pagesize;
		# How many pages
		$pages = int( $items / $pagesize ) + 1;
		# If we request a page that is too high
		$opt->{page} = $pages if $page > $pages;
		logger "Matches (Page $opt->{page}/${pages}".()."):\n" if $#matches >= 0;
	}
	# loop through all programmes in match
	for ( my $count=0; $count < $items; $count++ ) {
		my $this = $matches[$count];
		# Only display if the prog name is set
		if ( ( ! $opt->{page} ) || ( $opt->{page} && $count >= $first && $count < $last ) ) {
			if ( $this->{name} || ! ( $opt->{series} || $opt->{tree} ) ) {
				# Tree mode
				if ( $opt->{tree} ) {
					if (! defined $names{ $this->{name} }) {
						$this->list_entry( '', 0, $number_of_types );
						$names{ $this->{name} } = 1;
					} else {
						$this->list_entry( '', 1, $number_of_types );
					}
				# Series mode
				} elsif ( $opt->{series} ) {
					if (! defined $names{ $this->{name} }) {
						$this->list_entry( '', 0, $number_of_types, $episodes{ $this->{name} }, $episode_width );
						$names{ $this->{name} } = 1;
					}
				# Normal mode
				} else {
					$this->list_entry( '', 0, $number_of_types ) if ( $this->{name} );
				}
			}
		}
	}
	# PID not in cache
	@matches = () if $#matches == 0 && ! $matches[0]->{index};
	logger "INFO: ".($#matches + 1)." matching programmes\n" if ( $opt->{pvr} && $#matches >= 0 ) || ! $opt->{pvr};
}

# Returns matching programme objects using supplied regex
# Usage: get_regex_matches ( \%prog, $regex )
sub get_regex_matches {
	my $prog = shift;
	my $download_regex = shift;

	my %download_hash;
	my ( $channel_regex, $category_regex, $versions_regex, $channel_exclude_regex, $category_exclude_regex, $exclude_regex );

	if ( $opt->{channel} ) {
		$channel_regex = '('.(join '|', ( split /,/, $opt->{channel} ) ).')';
	} else {
		$channel_regex = '.*';
	}
	if ( $opt->{category} ) {
		$category_regex = '('.(join '|', ( split /,/, $opt->{category} ) ).')';
	} else {
		$category_regex = '.*';
	}
	if ( $opt->{excludechannel} ) {
		$channel_exclude_regex = '('.(join '|', ( split /,/, $opt->{excludechannel} ) ).')';
	} else {
		$channel_exclude_regex = '^_ROGUE_VALUE_$';
	}
	if ( $opt->{excludecategory} ) {
		$category_exclude_regex = '('.(join '|', ( split /,/, $opt->{excludecategory} ) ).')';
	} else {
		$category_exclude_regex = '^_ROGUE_VALUE_$';
	}
	if ( $opt->{exclude} ) {
		$exclude_regex = '('.(join '|', ( split /,/, $opt->{exclude} ) ).')';
	} else {
		$exclude_regex = '^_ROGUE_VALUE_$';
	}
	my $now = time();
	my $since = $now - ($opt->{since} * 3600) if defined $opt->{since};
	my $before = $now - ($opt->{before} * 3600) if defined $opt->{before};
	my $available_since = strftime('%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S', gmtime($now - ($opt->{availablesince} * 3600))) if defined $opt->{availablesince};
	my $available_before = strftime('%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S', gmtime($now - ($opt->{availablebefore} * 3600))) if defined $opt->{availablebefore};
	my $expires_after = $now + ($opt->{expiresafter} * 3600) if defined $opt->{expiresafter};
	my $expires_before = $now + ($opt->{expiresbefore} * 3600) if defined $opt->{expiresbefore};

	if ( $opt->{verbose} ) {
		main::logger "DEBUG: Search download_regex = $download_regex\n";
		main::logger "DEBUG: Search channel_regex = $channel_regex\n";
		main::logger "DEBUG: Search category_regex = $category_regex\n";
		main::logger "DEBUG: Search exclude_regex = $exclude_regex\n";
		main::logger "DEBUG: Search channel_exclude_regex = $channel_exclude_regex\n";
		main::logger "DEBUG: Search category_exclude_regex = $category_exclude_regex\n";
		main::logger "DEBUG: Search since = $since\n";
		main::logger "DEBUG: Search before = $before\n";
		main::logger "DEBUG: Search available_since = $available_since\n";
		main::logger "DEBUG: Search available_before = $available_before\n";
		main::logger "DEBUG: Search expires_after = $expires_after\n";
		main::logger "DEBUG: Search expires_before = $expires_before\n";
		main::logger "\n";
	}

	# Determine fields to search
	my @searchfields;
	# User-defined fields list
	if ( $opt->{fields} ) {
		@searchfields = split /\s*,\s*/, lc( $opt->{fields} );
	# Also search long descriptions and episode data if -l is specified
	} elsif ( $opt->{long} ) {
		@searchfields = ( 'name', 'episode', 'desc' );
	# Default to name search only
	} else {
		@searchfields = ( 'name' );
	}

	# Loop through each prog object
	for my $this ( values %{ $prog } ) {
		# Only include programmes matching channels and category regexes
		if ( $this->{channel} =~ /$channel_regex/i
			&& $this->{categories} =~ /$category_regex/i
			&& $this->{channel} !~ /$channel_exclude_regex/i
			&& $this->{categories} !~ /$category_exclude_regex/i
			&& ( ( not defined $since ) || ( not $this->{timeadded} ) || $this->{timeadded} >= $since )
			&& ( ( not defined $before ) || ( not $this->{timeadded} ) || $this->{timeadded} < $before )
			&& ( ( not defined $available_since ) || ( not $this->{available} ) || $this->{available} ge $available_since )
			&& ( ( not defined $available_before ) || ( not $this->{available} ) || $this->{available} lt $available_before )
			&& ( ( not defined $expires_after ) || ( not $this->{expires} ) || $this->{expires} >= $expires_after )
			&& ( ( not defined $expires_before ) || ( not $this->{expires} ) || $this->{expires} < $expires_before )
		) {
			# Add included matches
			my @compund_fields;
			push @compund_fields, $this->{$_} for @searchfields;
			$download_hash{ $this->{index} } = $this if (join ' ', @compund_fields) =~ /$download_regex/i;
		}
	}
	# Remove excluded matches
	for my $field ( @searchfields ) {
		for my $index ( keys %download_hash ) {
			my $this = $download_hash{$index};
			delete $download_hash{$index} if $this->{ $field } =~ /$exclude_regex/i;
		}
	}
	my @match_list;
	# Add all matching prog objects to array
	for my $index ( sort {$a <=> $b} keys %download_hash ) {
		push @match_list, $download_hash{$index};
	}

	return @match_list;
}

# Usage: sort_index( \%prog, \%index_prog, [$prog_type], [sortfield] )
# Populates the index if the prog hash as well as creating the %index_prog hash
# Should be run after any number of get_links methods
sub sort_index {
	my $prog = shift;
	my $index_prog = shift;
	my $prog_type = shift;
	my $sortfield = shift || 'name';
	my $counter = 1;
	my $max_index = 0;
	my @sort_key;

	# Add index field based on alphabetical sorting by $sortfield
	# Start index counter at 'min' for this prog type
	$counter = progclass($prog_type)->index_min if defined $prog_type;
	$max_index = progclass($prog_type)->index_max if defined $prog_type;

	# Create unique array of '<$sortfield|pid>' for this prog type
	for my $pid ( keys %{$prog} ) {
		# skip prog not of correct type and type is defined
		next if defined $prog_type && $prog->{$pid}->{type} ne $prog_type;
		push @sort_key, "$prog->{$pid}->{$sortfield}|$pid";
	}
	# Sort by $sortfield and index
	for (sort @sort_key) {
		# Extract pid
		my $pid = (split /\|/)[1];

		# Insert prog instance var of the index number
		$prog->{$pid}->{index} = $counter;

		# Add the object reference into %index_prog hash
		$index_prog->{ $counter } = $prog->{$pid};

		# Increment the index counter for this prog type
		$counter++;
		if ( $max_index && $counter >= $max_index ) {
			main::logger "WARNING: $prog_type cache index numbers exceeded the maximum supported value ($max_index). Please alert the developer.\n";
			$max_index = 0;
		}
	}
	return 0;
}

sub make_array_unique_ordered {
	# De-dup array and retain order (don't ask!)
	my ( @array ) = ( @_ );
	my %seen = ();
	my @unique = grep { ! $seen{ $_ }++ } @array;
	return @unique;
}

# User Agents
# Uses global $ua_cache
my $ua_cache = {};
sub user_agent {
	my $id = shift || 'desktop';

	# Create user agents lists
	my $user_agent = {
		get_iplayer	=> [ "get_iplayer/$version $^O/$^V" ],
		desktop		=> [
				'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_12_4) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.81 Safari/537.36',
				'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.12; rv:53.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/53.0',
				'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_12_4) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/55.0.2883.87 Safari/537.36 OPR/42.0.2393.94',
				'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_12_4) AppleWebKit/603.1.30 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/10.1 Safari/603.1.30',
				'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.81 Safari/537.36',
				'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; rv:53.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/53.0',
				'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Trident/7.0; rv:11.0) like Gecko',
				'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.81 Safari/537.36',
				'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64; rv:53.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/53.0',
				'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/51.0.2704.79 Safari/537.36 Edge/14.14393',
				'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86_64; rv:53.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/53.0',
				'Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86_64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/58.0.3029.81 Safari/537.36',
			],
	};

	# Remember the ua string for the entire session
	my $uas = $ua_cache->{$id};
	if ( ! $uas ) {
		# Randomize strings
		my @ualist = @{ $user_agent->{$id} };
		$uas = $ualist[rand @ualist];
		my $code = sprintf( "%03d", int(rand(1000)) );
		$uas =~ s/<RAND>/$code/g;
		$ua_cache->{$id} = $uas;
	}
	logger "DEBUG: Using $id user-agent string: '$uas'\n" if $opt->{debug};
	return $uas || '';
}

# Returns classname for prog type or if not specified, an array of all prog types
sub progclass {
	my $prog_type = shift;
	if ( not defined $prog_type ) {
		return ('tv', 'radio');
	} elsif ( $prog_type =~ /^(tv|radio)$/ ) {
		return "Programme::$prog_type";
	} else {
		main::logger "ERROR: Programme type '$prog_type' does not exist\n";
		exit 3;
	}
}

# return true if valid prog type
sub is_prog_type {
	my $prog_type = shift;
	return 1 if $prog_type =~ /^(tv|radio)$/;
	return 0;
}

# Feed Info:
# # schedule feeds
#	https://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/programmes/schedules/this_week
#	https://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/programmes/schedules/next_week
#	https://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/programmes/schedules/w23
#
# Usage: get_links( \%prog, \%index_prog, <prog_type>, <only load from file flag> )
# Globals: $memcache
sub get_links {
	my $prog = shift;
	my $index_prog = shift;
	my $prog_type = shift;
	my $only_load_from_cache = shift;
	my $now = shift || time();
	# Define cache file format (this is overridden by the header line of the cache file)
	my @cache_format = qw/index type name episode seriesnum episodenum pid channel available expires duration desc web thumbnail timeadded/;

	my $cachefile = File::Spec->catfile($profile_dir, "${prog_type}.cache");

	# Read cache into $pid_old and $index_prog_old hashes if cache exists
	my $prog_old = {};
	my $index_prog_old = {};

	# By pass re-sorting and get straight from memcache if possible
	if ( keys %{ $memcache->{$prog_type} } && -f $cachefile && ! $opt->{refresh} ) {
		for my $pid ( keys %{ $memcache->{$prog_type} } ) {
			# Create new prog instance
			$prog->{$pid} = progclass( lc($memcache->{$prog_type}->{$pid}->{type}) )->new( 'pid' => $pid );
			# Deep-copy of elements in memcache prog instance to %prog
			$prog->{$pid}->{$_} = $memcache->{$prog_type}->{$pid}->{$_} for @cache_format;
			# Copy object reference into index_prog hash
			$index_prog->{ $prog->{$pid}->{index} } = $prog->{$pid};
		}
		logger "INFO: Got (quick) ".(keys %{ $memcache->{$prog_type} })." memcache entries for $prog_type\n" if $opt->{verbose};
		return 0;
	}

	my $mra = 0;
	# Open cache file (need to verify we can even read this)
	if ( -f $cachefile && open(CACHE, "< $cachefile") ) {
		my @cache_format_old = @cache_format;
		# Get file format and contents less any comments
		while (<CACHE>) {
			chomp();
			# Get cache format if specified
			if ( /^\#(.+?\|){3,}/ ) {
				@cache_format_old = split /[\#\|]/;
				shift @cache_format_old;
				logger "INFO: Cache format from existing $prog_type cache file: ".(join ',', @cache_format_old)."\n" if $opt->{debug};
				next;
			}
			# Ignore comments
			next if /^[\#\s]/;
			# Populate %prog_old from cache
			# Get cache line
			my @record = split /\|/;
			my $record_entries;
			# Update fields in %prog_old hash for $pid
			$record_entries->{$_} = shift @record for @cache_format_old;
			$prog_old->{ $record_entries->{pid} } = $record_entries;
			# Copy pid into index_prog_old hash
			$index_prog_old->{ $record_entries->{index} } = $record_entries->{pid};
			if ( ! $opt->{cacherebuild} && $record_entries->{timeadded} > $mra && $record_entries->{timeadded} <= $now)
			{
				$mra = $record_entries->{timeadded};
			}
		}
		close (CACHE);
		if ( $opt->{verbose} ) {
			my $mra_str = strftime('%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S+00:00', gmtime($mra));
			logger "INFO: Most recent addition ($prog_type) = $mra_str ($mra)\n";
		}
		logger "INFO: Got ".(keys %{ $prog_old })." file cache entries for $prog_type\n" if $opt->{verbose};

	# Else no mem or file cache
	} else {
		logger "INFO: No file cache exists for $prog_type\n" if $opt->{verbose};
	}

	# Do we need to refresh the cache ?
	# if a cache file doesn't exist/corrupted/empty, refresh option is specified or original file is older than $cache_sec then download new data
	my $cache_secs = $opt->{expiry} || main::progclass( $prog_type )->expiry() || 14400;
	main::logger "DEBUG: Cache expiry time for $prog_type is ${cache_secs} secs - refresh in ".( stat($cachefile)->mtime + $cache_secs - $now )." secs\n" if $opt->{verbose} && -f $cachefile && ! $opt->{refresh};
	if ( (! $only_load_from_cache) &&
		( (! keys %{ $prog_old } ) || (! -f $cachefile) || $opt->{refresh} || ($now >= ( $mra + $cache_secs )) || ($now >= ( stat($cachefile)->mtime + $cache_secs )) || $opt->{cacherebuild} )
	) {

		# Get links for specific type of programme class into %prog
		if ( progclass( $prog_type )->get_links( $prog, $prog_type, $mra, $now ) != 0 ) {
			# failed - leave cache unchanged
			main::logger "\nERROR: Errors encountered when indexing $prog_type programmes - skipping\n";
			return 0;
		}

		# Back up cache file before write
		my $oldcachefile = "${cachefile}.old";
		if ( -e $cachefile && ! copy($cachefile, $oldcachefile) ) {
			die "ERROR: Cannot copy $cachefile to $oldcachefile: $!\n";
		}
		if ( ! $opt->{cacherebuild} && $prog_type =~ /^(radio|tv)$/ ) {
			my $min_timeadded = $now - (30 * 86400);
			# Retain old cache entries that are not expired or superseded
			for my $pid ( keys %{$prog_old} ) {
				if ( ! $prog_old->{$pid}->{expires} || $prog_old->{$pid}->{expires} < $now || $prog_old->{$pid}->{timeadded} < $min_timeadded ) {
					main::logger "DEBUG: Expired: $prog_type - $pid - $prog_old->{$pid}->{name} - $prog_old->{$pid}->{episode} expires=$prog_old->{$pid}->{expires} timeadded=$prog_old->{$pid}->{timeadded} now=$now\n" if $opt->{debug};
				}
				elsif ( ! $prog->{$pid} && $prog_old->{$pid} ) {
					$prog->{$pid} = main::progclass($prog_type)->new(%{$prog_old->{$pid}});
				}
			}
		}

		# Sort index for this prog type from cache file
		# sorts and references %prog objects into %index_prog
		sort_index( $prog, $index_prog, $prog_type );

		# Open cache file for writing
		unlink $cachefile;
		if ( open(CACHE, "> $cachefile") ) {
			my $added = 0;
			print CACHE "#".(join '|', @cache_format)."\n";
			# loop through all progs just obtained through get_links above (in numerical index order)
			for my $index ( sort {$a <=> $b} keys %{$index_prog} ) {
				# prog object
				my $this = $index_prog->{ $index };
				# Only write entries for correct prog type
				if ( $this->{type} eq $prog_type ) {
					# Merge old and new data to retain timestamps
					if ( $prog_old->{ $this->{pid} }->{available} ) {
						$this->{available} = $prog_old->{ $this->{pid} }->{available};
					}
					# if the entry was in old cache then retain timestamp from old entry
					if ( $prog_old->{ $this->{pid} }->{timeadded} ) {
						my $ta = $prog_old->{ $this->{pid} }->{timeadded};
						if ( $ta > $now || $ta < 0 ) {
							$ta = $now;
						}
						my $available = Programme::get_time_string( $this->{available} );
						if ( $ta <= $available && $available <= $now ) {
							$this->{timeadded} = $now;
						} else {
							$this->{timeadded} = $ta;
						}
					# Else this is a new entry
					} else {
						$this->{timeadded} = $now;
						$this->list_entry( 'Added: ' ) if $opt->{verbose};
						$added++;
					}
					# Write each field into cache line
					print CACHE $this->{$_}.'|' for @cache_format;
					print CACHE "\n";
				}
			}
			close (CACHE);
			main::logger "INFO: Added $added $prog_type programmes to cache\n";
		} else {
			logger "WARNING: Couldn't open cache file '$cachefile' for writing\n";
		}

		# Copy new progs into memcache
		for my $index ( keys %{ $index_prog } ) {
			if ( $index_prog->{$index}->{type} eq $prog_type ) {
				my $pid = $index_prog->{ $index }->{pid};
				# Update fields in memcache from %prog hash for $pid
				$memcache->{$prog_type}->{$pid}->{$_} = $index_prog->{$index}->{$_} for @cache_format;
			}
		}

		# purge pids in memcache that aren't in %prog
		for my $pid ( keys %{ $memcache->{$prog_type} } ) {
			if ( ! defined $prog->{$pid} ) {
				delete $memcache->{$prog_type}->{$pid};
				main::logger "DEBUG: Removed PID $pid from memcache\n" if $opt->{debug};
			}
		}

	# Else copy data from existing cache file into new prog instances and memcache
	} else {
		for my $pid ( keys %{ $prog_old } ) {

			# Create new prog instance
			$prog->{$pid} = progclass( lc($prog_old->{$pid}->{type}) )->new( 'pid' => $pid );

			# Deep-copy the data from %prog_old into %prog and $memcache->{$prog_type}
			for (@cache_format) {
				$prog->{$pid}->{$_} = $prog_old->{$pid}->{$_};
				# Update fields in memcache from %prog_old hash for $pid
				$memcache->{$prog_type}->{$pid}->{$_} = $prog_old->{$pid}->{$_};
			}

		}
		# Add prog objects to %index_prog hash
		$index_prog->{$_} = $prog->{ $index_prog_old->{$_} } for keys %{ $index_prog_old };
	}

	return 0;
}

# Generic
# Returns an offset timestamp given an srt begin or end timestamp and offset in ms
# returns undef if timestamp < 0 or < --start or > --stop
sub subtitle_offset {
	my ( $timestamp, $offset, $start, $stop ) = @_;
	my ( $hr, $min, $sec, $ms ) = split /[:,\.]/, $timestamp;
	# split into hrs, mins, secs, ms
	my $ts = $ms + $sec*1000 + $min*60*1000 + $hr*60*60*1000 + $offset - $start;
	return undef if $ts < 0 || ( $stop && $ts > $stop + $offset - $start );
	$hr = int( $ts/(60*60*1000) );
	$ts -= $hr*60*60*1000;
	$min = int( $ts/(60*1000) );
	$ts -= $min*60*1000;
	$sec = int( $ts/1000 );
	$ts -= $sec*1000;
	$ms = $ts;
	return sprintf( '%02d:%02d:%02d,%03d', $hr, $min, $sec, $ms );
}

# Generic
sub display_stream_info {
	my ($prog, $verpid, $version) = (@_);
	# default version is 'default'
	$version = 'default' if not defined $verpid;
	# Get stream data if not defined
	if ( not defined $prog->{streams}->{$version} ) {
		logger "INFO: Getting media stream metadata for $prog->{name} - $prog->{episode}, $verpid ($version)\n" if $prog->{pid};
		$prog->{streams}->{$version} = $prog->get_stream_data( $verpid, undef, $version );
	}
	for my $mode ( sort Programme::cmp_modes keys %{ $prog->{streams}->{$version} } ) {
		logger sprintf("%-14s %s\n", 'stream:', $mode );
		for my $key ( sort keys %{ $prog->{streams}->{$version}->{$mode} } ) {
			my $val = $prog->{streams}->{$version}->{$mode}->{$key};
			unless ( ref $val || not defined $val ) {
				$val =~ s/^\s+//;
				logger sprintf("%-14s %s\n", $key.':', $val );
			}
		}
		logger "\n";
	}
	return 0;
}

sub proxy_disable {
	my $ua = shift;
	$ua->proxy( ['http', 'https'] => undef );
	$proxy_save = $opt->{proxy};
	delete $opt->{proxy};
	main::logger "INFO: Disabled proxy: $proxy_save\n" if $opt->{verbose};
}

sub proxy_enable {
	my $ua = shift;
	$ua->proxy( ['http', 'https'] => $opt->{proxy} ) if $opt->{proxy} && $opt->{proxy} !~ /^prepend:/;
	$opt->{proxy} = $proxy_save;
	main::logger "INFO: Restored proxy to $opt->{proxy}\n" if $opt->{verbose};
}

# Generic
# create_ua( <agentname>|'', [<cookie mode>] )
# cookie mode:	0: retain cookies
#		1: no cookies
#		2: retain cookies but discard if site requires it
sub create_ua {
	my $id = shift || '';
	my $nocookiejar = shift || 0;
	# Use either the key from the function arg if it exists or a random ua string
	my $agent = main::user_agent( $id ) || main::user_agent( 'desktop' );
	my $ua = LWP::UserAgent->new;
	$ua->timeout( $lwp_request_timeout );
	$ua->proxy( ['http', 'https'] => $opt->{proxy} ) if $opt->{proxy} && $opt->{proxy} !~ /^prepend:/;
	$ua->agent( $agent );
	# Using this slows down stco parsing!!
	#$ua->default_header( 'Accept-Encoding', 'gzip,deflate' );
	$ua->conn_cache(LWP::ConnCache->new());
	#$ua->conn_cache->total_capacity(50);
	$ua->cookie_jar( HTTP::Cookies->new( file => $cookiejar.$id, autosave => 1, ignore_discard => 1 ) ) if not $nocookiejar;
	$ua->cookie_jar( HTTP::Cookies->new( file => $cookiejar.$id, autosave => 1 ) ) if $nocookiejar == 2;
	main::logger "DEBUG: Using ".($nocookiejar ? "NoCookies " : "cookies.$id " )."user-agent '$agent'\n" if $opt->{debug};
	return $ua;
};

# Generic
# Gets the contents of a URL and retries if it fails, returns '' if no page could be retrieved
# Usage <content> = request_url_retry(<ua>, <url>, <retries>, <succeed message>, [<fail message>], <1=mustproxy>, [<fail_content>] );
sub request_url_retry {

	my %OPTS = @LWP::Protocol::http::EXTRA_SOCK_OPTS;
	$OPTS{SendTE} = 0;
	@LWP::Protocol::http::EXTRA_SOCK_OPTS = %OPTS;

	my ($ua, $url, $retries, $succeedmsg, $failmsg, $mustproxy, $fail_content, $ok4xx) = @_;
	$failmsg ||= "Failed to download URL";
	$fail_content ||= '';
	my $res;

	# Use url prepend if required
	if ( defined $opt->{proxy} && $opt->{proxy} =~ /^prepend:/ ) {
		$url = $opt->{proxy}.main::url_encode( $url );
		$url =~ s/^prepend://g;
	}

	# Malformed URL check
	if ( $url !~ m{^\s*https?\:\/\/}i ) {
		logger "ERROR: Malformed URL: '$url'\n";
		return '';
	}

	# Disable proxy unless mustproxy is flagged
	main::proxy_disable($ua) if $opt->{partialproxy} && ! $mustproxy;
	my $i;
	my $is4xx;
	for ($i = 1; $i <= $retries; $i++) {
		logger "\nINFO: Downloading URL ($i/$retries): $url\n" if $opt->{verbose};
		$is4xx = 0;
		$res = $ua->request( HTTP::Request->new( GET => $url ) );
		if ( ! $res->is_success ) {
			$is4xx = $res->code() >= 400 && $res->code() < 500;
			if ( $opt->{verbose} || ! ( $is4xx && $ok4xx ) ) {
				logger "\nWARNING: $failmsg ($i/$retries): $url\n";
				logger "WARNING: Response: ${\$res->code()} ${\$res->message()}\n";
				if ( $res->code() == 403 ) {
					logger "WARNING: Access to this resource was blocked by the BBC\n";
				}
				logger "WARNING: Ignore this warning if programme download is successful\n";
			}
			last if $is4xx;
		} else {
			logger $succeedmsg;
			last;
		}
	}
	# Re-enable proxy unless mustproxy is flagged
	main::proxy_enable($ua) if $opt->{partialproxy} && ! $mustproxy;
	# Return empty string if we failed and content not required
	if ( ( $is4xx && ! $ok4xx ) || $i > $retries ) {
		if ( wantarray ) {
			return ($fail_content, $res);
		} else {
			return $fail_content;
		}
	}

	# Only return decoded content if gzip is used - otherwise this severely slows down stco scanning! Perl bug?
	main::logger "DEBUG: ".($res->header('Content-Encoding') || 'No')." Encoding used on $url\n" if $opt->{debug};
	# this appears to be obsolete
	# return $res->decoded_content if defined $res->header('Content-Encoding') && $res->header('Content-Encoding') eq 'gzip';
	# return $res->content;
	if ( wantarray ) {
		return ($res->decoded_content, $res);
	} else {
		return $res->decoded_content;
	}
}

# Generic
# Checks if a particular program exists (or program.exe) in the $ENV{PATH} or if it has a path already check for existence of file
sub exists_in_path {
	my $name = shift;
	my $bin = main::encode_fs($bin->{$name});
	# Strip quotes around binary if any just for checking
	$bin =~ s/^"(.+)"$/$1/g;
	# If this has a path specified, does file exist
	return 1 if $bin =~ /[\/\\]/ && (-x ${bin} || -x "${bin}.exe");
	# Search PATH
	for (@PATH) {
		my $bin_path = File::Spec->catfile($_, $bin);
		return 1 if -x $bin_path || -x "${bin_path}.exe";
	}
	return 0;
}

# Generic
# Returns url decoded string
sub url_decode {
	my $str = shift;
	$str =~ s/\%([A-Fa-f0-9]{2})/pack('C', hex($1))/seg;
	return $str;
}

# Returns url encoded string
sub url_encode {
	my $str = shift;
	$str =~ s/([^A-Za-z0-9])/sprintf("%%%02X", ord($1))/seg;
	return $str;
}

# list_unique_element_counts( \%type, $element_name, @matchlist);
# Show channels for currently specified types in @matchlist - an array of progs
sub list_unique_element_counts {
	my $typeref = shift;
	my $element_name = shift;
	my @match_list = @_;
	my %elements;
	logger "INFO: ".(join ',', keys %{ $typeref })." $element_name List:\n" if $opt->{verbose};
	# Get list to count from matching progs
	for my $prog ( @match_list ) {
		my @element;
		# Need to separate the categories
		if ($element_name eq 'categories') {
			@element = split /,/, $prog->{$element_name};
		} else {
			$element[0] = $prog->{$element_name};
		}
		for my $element (@element) {
			$elements{ $element }++;
		}
	}
	# display element + prog count
	logger "$_ ($elements{$_})\n" for sort keys %elements;
	return 0;
}

# after Win32::ShellQuote::quote_literal
sub quote_arg {
	my ($arg) = @_;
	if ( $arg eq '' || $arg =~ /[^\w\-]/ ) {
		$arg = escape_arg($arg);
		$arg = qq{"$arg"};
	}
	return $arg;
}

sub escape_arg {
	my ($arg) = @_;
	my $r = IS_WIN32 ? '"' : '["`$]';
	$arg =~ s{(\\*)(?=$r|\z)}{$1$1}g;
	$arg =~ s{($r)}{\\$1}g;
	return $arg;
}

# Invokes command in @args as a system call (hopefully) without using a shell
# Can also redirect all stdout and stderr to either: STDOUT, STDERR or unchanged
# Usage: run_cmd( <normal|STDERR|STDOUT>, @args )
# Returns: exit code
sub run_cmd {
	#if ( IS_WIN32 && ! grep /[\r\n]/, @_ ) {
	#	return run_cmd_win32( @_ );
	#}
	my $mode = shift;
	$mode = 'QUIET' if ( $opt->{quiet} || $opt->{silent} ) && ! ($opt->{debug} || $opt->{verbose});
	my @cmd = map { main::encode_cl( $_ ); } @_;
	if ( IS_WIN32 && @cmd > 1 ) {
		@cmd = map { quote_arg( $_ ); } @cmd;
	}
	if ( $opt->{verbose} ) {
		my $log_str;
		if ( ( IS_WIN32 && @cmd > 1 ) || @cmd == 1 ) {
			$log_str = join ' ', @cmd;
		} else {
			$log_str = join( ' ',  map { quote_arg($_) } @cmd );
		}
		main::logger "INFO: Command: $log_str\n";
	}
	my $procid;
	my $rtn;
	# Don't create zombies - unfortunately causes open3 to return -1 exit code regardless!
	##### local $SIG{CHLD} = 'IGNORE';
	# Setup signal handler for SIGTERM/INT/KILL - kill, kill, killlllll
	$SIG{TERM} = $SIG{PIPE} = $SIG{INT} = sub {
		my $signal = shift;
		main::logger "\nINFO: Cleaning up (signal = $signal), killing PID=$procid:";
		for my $sig ( qw/INT TERM KILL/ ) {
			# Kill process with SIGs (try to allow proper handling of kill by child process)
			if ( $opt->{verbose} ) {
				main::logger "\nINFO: $$ killing cmd PID=$procid with SIG${sig}";
			} else {
				main::logger '.';
			}
			kill $sig, $procid;
			sleep 1;
			if ( ! kill 0, $procid ) {
				main::logger "\nINFO: $$ killed cmd PID=$procid\n";
				last;
			}
			sleep 1;
		}
		main::logger "\n";
		exit 0;
	};
	my $fileno_stdin = fileno(STDIN);
	my $fileno_stdout = fileno(STDOUT);
	my $fileno_stderr = fileno(STDERR);
	{
		# dupe stdio to local handles to avoid losing PerlIO layers on Windows
		# reopen on same fileno for QUIET modes to work with external programs
		local *STDIN;
		local *STDOUT;
		local *STDERR;
		local *DEVNULL;
		open(STDIN, "<&=", $fileno_stdin);
		open(STDOUT, ">&=", $fileno_stdout);
		open(STDERR, ">&=", $fileno_stderr);
		# Define what to do with STDOUT and STDERR of the child process
		my $fh_child_out = ">&STDOUT";
		my $fh_child_err = ">&STDERR";
		if ( $mode eq 'STDOUT' ) {
			$fh_child_out = $fh_child_err = ">&STDOUT";
		} elsif ( $mode eq 'STDERR' ) {
			$fh_child_out = $fh_child_err = ">&STDERR";
		} elsif ( $mode =~ /^QUIET/ ) {
			open(DEVNULL, ">", File::Spec->devnull()) || die "ERROR: Cannot open null device\n";
			if ( $mode eq 'QUIET_STDOUT' ) {
				$fh_child_out = ">&DEVNULL";
			} elsif ( $mode eq 'QUIET_STDERR' ) {
				$fh_child_err = ">&DEVNULL";
			} else {
				$fh_child_out = $fh_child_err = ">&DEVNULL";
			}
		}
		# Don't use NULL for the 1st arg of open3 otherwise we end up with a messed up STDIN once it returns
		$procid = open3( 0, $fh_child_out, $fh_child_err, @cmd );
		# Wait for child to complete
		waitpid( $procid, 0 );
		$rtn = $?;
		close(DEVNULL);
		close(STDERR);
		close(STDOUT);
		close(STDIN);
	}
	# Restore old signal handlers
	$SIG{TERM} = $SIGORIG{TERM};
	$SIG{PIPE} = $SIGORIG{PIPE};
	$SIG{INT} = $SIGORIG{INT};
	#$SIG{CHLD} = $SIGORIG{CHLD};
	return interpret_return_code( $rtn );
}

# run command with Win32::Unicode::Process
# supports Unicode parameters (but not embedded newlines)
sub run_cmd_win32 {
	# monkey patch to work around quoting bugs
	local *Win32::Unicode::Process::_create_process = sub {
		my $cmd_str = join ' ',  @_;
		my $cmd = Win32::Unicode::Util::utf8_to_utf16('/x /c "' . $cmd_str . '"') . Win32::Unicode::Constant::NULL();
		my $path = Win32::Unicode::Util::catfile($ENV{ComSpec} || 'C:/WINDOWS/system32/cmd.exe');
		my $shell = Win32::Unicode::Util::utf8_to_utf16($path) . Win32::Unicode::Constant::NULL();
		return Win32::Unicode::Process::create_process($shell, $cmd);
	};
	my $mode = shift;
	$mode = 'QUIET' if ( $opt->{quiet} || $opt->{silent} ) && ! ($opt->{debug} || $opt->{verbose});
	my @cmd;
	if ( @_ > 1 ) {
		@cmd = map { quote_arg( $_ ); } @_;
	} else {
		@cmd = ( @_ );
	}
	if ( $opt->{verbose} ) {
		my $log_str = join ' ',  @cmd;
		main::logger "INFO: Win32 Command: $log_str\n";
	}
	open(XSTDOUT, ">&STDOUT");
	open(XSTDERR, ">&STDERR");
	my $redir;
	if ( $mode eq 'STDOUT' ) {
		$redir = '2>&1';
	} elsif ( $mode eq 'STDERR' ) {
		$redir = '1>&2';
	} elsif ( $mode =~ /^QUIET/ ) {
		open(DEVNULL, ">", File::Spec->devnull()) || die "ERROR: Cannot open null device\n";
		if ( $mode eq 'QUIET_STDOUT' ) {
			open(STDOUT, ">&DEVNULL");
		} elsif ( $mode eq 'QUIET_STDERR' ) {
			open(STDERR, ">&DEVNULL");
		} else {
			open(STDOUT, ">&DEVNULL");
			open(STDERR, ">&DEVNULL");
		}
	}
	push @cmd, $redir if $redir;
	my $rtn = Win32::Unicode::Process::systemW(@cmd);
	open(STDOUT, ">&XSTDOUT");
	open(STDERR, ">&XSTDERR");
	close(DEVNULL);
	close(XSTDOUT);
	close(XSTDERR);
	return interpret_return_code( $rtn );
}

sub interpret_return_code {
	my $rtn = shift;
	# Interpret return code and force return code 2 upon error
	my $return = $rtn >> 8;
	if ( $rtn == -1 ) {
		main::logger "ERROR: Command failed to execute: $!\n" if $opt->{verbose};
		$return = 2 if ! $return;
	} elsif ( $rtn & 128 ) {
		main::logger "WARNING: Command executed but coredumped\n" if $opt->{verbose};
		$return = 2 if ! $return;
	} elsif ( $rtn & 127 ) {
		main::logger sprintf "WARNING: Command executed but died with signal %d\n", $rtn & 127 if $opt->{verbose};
		$return = 2 if ! $return;
	}
	main::logger sprintf "INFO: Command exit code %d (raw code = %d)\n", $return, $rtn if $return || $opt->{verbose};
	return $return;
}

# Generic
# Escape chars in string for shell use
sub StringUtils::esc_chars {
	# will change, for example, a!!a to a\!\!a
	$_[0] =~ s/([;<>\*\|&\$!#\(\)\[\]\{\}:'"])/\\$1/g;
}

sub StringUtils::clean_utf8_and_whitespace {
	# Remove non utf8
	$_[0] =~ s/[^\x{21}-\x{7E}\s\t\n\r]//g;
	# Strip beginning/end/extra whitespace
	$_[0] =~ s/\s+/ /g;
	$_[0] =~ s/(^\s+|\s+$)//g;
}

# Remove diacritical marks
sub StringUtils::remove_marks {
	my $string = shift;
	$string = NFKD($string);
	$string =~ s/\pM//g;
	return $string;
}

# Convert punctuation to ASCII
sub StringUtils::convert_punctuation {
	my $string = shift;
	# die smart quotes die
	$string =~ s/[\x{0060}\x{00B4}\x{2018}\x{2019}\x{201A}\x{2039}\x{203A}]/'/g;
	$string =~ s/[\x{00AB}\x{00BB}\x{201C}\x{201D}\x{201E}]/"/g;
	$string =~ s/[\x{2010}\x{2013}\x{2014}]/-/g;
	$string =~ s/[\x{2026}]/.../g;
	return $string;
}

# Generic
# Make a filename/path sane
sub StringUtils::sanitize_path {
	my $string = shift;
	my $is_path = shift || 0;
	my $force_default = shift || 0;
	my $punct_bad = '[!"#$%&\'()*+,:;<=>?@[\]^`{|}~]';
	my $win_bad = '["*:<>?|]';
	my $mac_bad = '[:]';
	# Replace forward slashes with underscore if not path
	$string =~ s|\/|_|g unless $is_path;
	# Replace backslashes with underscore if not Windows path
	$string =~ s|\\|_|g unless IS_WIN32 && $is_path;
	# Do not sanitise if specified
	if ( $opt->{nosanitise} && ! $force_default ) {
		# Remove invalid chars for Windows
		$string =~ s/$win_bad//g if IS_WIN32;
		# Remove invalid chars for macOS
		$string =~ s/$mac_bad//g if IS_MACOS;
	} else {
		# use ISO8601 dates
		$string =~ s|\b(\d\d)[/_](\d\d)[/_](\d\d\d\d)\b|$3-$2-$1|g;
		# ASCII-fy some punctuation
		$string = StringUtils::convert_punctuation($string);
		# Remove diacritical marks
		$string = StringUtils::remove_marks($string);
		# Remove non-ASCII chars
		$string =~ s/[^\x{20}-\x{7e}]//g;
		# Truncate duplicate colon/semi-colon/comma
		$string =~ s/([:;,])(\1)+/$1/g;
		# Add whitespace behind colon/semi-colon/comma if not present
		$string =~ s/([:;,])(\S)/$1 $2/g;
		# Remove most punctuation chars
		# Includes invalid chars for Windows and macOS
		$string =~ s/$punct_bad//g;
		# Replace ellipsis
		$string =~ s/^\.{3,}/_/g;
		$string =~ s/\.{3,}/ /g;
		# Remove extra/leading/trailing whitespace
		$string =~ s/\s+/ /g;
		$string =~ s/(^\s+|\s+$)//g;
		# Replace whitespace with underscore unless --whitespace
		$string =~ s/\s/_/g unless ( $opt->{whitespace} && ! $force_default );
	}
	return $string;
}

# Generic
# Signal handler to clean up after a ctrl-c or kill
sub cleanup {
	my $signal = shift;
	logger "\nINFO: Cleaning up $0 (got signal $signal)\n"; # if $opt->{verbose};
	unlink $lockfile;
	# Execute default signal handler
	$SIGORIG{$signal}->() if ref($SIGORIG{$signal}) eq 'CODE';
	exit 1;
}

# Uses: global $lockfile
# Lock file detection (<stale_secs>)
# Global $lockfile
sub lockfile {
	my $now = time();
	# if lockfile exists then quit as we are already running
	if ( -T $lockfile ) {
		if ( ! open (LOCKFILE, $lockfile) ) {
			main::logger "ERROR: Cannot read PVR lockfile: '$lockfile'\n";
			exit 1;
		}
		my @lines = <LOCKFILE>;
		close LOCKFILE;
		# remove lockfile if does not contain numeric process ID and exit
		if ( ! @lines || $lines[0] !~ /^\d+$/ ) {
				main::logger "ERROR: Quitting - invalid PVR lockfile detected: '$lockfile'\n";
				main::logger "ERROR: Ensure PVR is not already running and restart.\n";
				unlink $lockfile;
				$lockfile = '';
				exit 1;
		}
		# exit if the process is still running
		if ( kill( 0, $lines[0] ) ) {
				main::logger "ERROR: Quitting - PVR is already running (process ID: $lines[0])\n";
				$lockfile = '';
				exit 1;
		} else {
			main::logger "INFO: Removing orphaned PVR lockfile: '$lockfile'\n" if $opt->{verbose};
			unlink $lockfile;
		}
	}
	# write our process ID into new lockfile
	if (! open (LOCKFILE, "> $lockfile") ) {
		main::logger "ERROR: Cannot write to PVR lockfile '$lockfile'\n";
		exit 1;
	}
	print LOCKFILE $$;
	close LOCKFILE;
	return 0;
}

sub expand_list {
	my $list = shift;
	my $search = shift;
	my $replace = shift;
	my @elements = split /,/, $list;
	for (@elements) {
		$_ = $replace if $_ eq $search;
	}
	return join ',', @elements;
}

# Converts any number words (or numbers) 0 - 99 to a number
sub convert_words_to_number {
	my $text = shift;
	$text = lc($text);
	my $number = 0;
	# Regex for mnemonic numbers
	my %lookup_0_19 = qw(
		zero		0
		one		1
		two		2
		three		3
		four		4
		five		5
		six		6
		seven		7
		eight		8
		nine		9
		ten		10
		eleven		11
		twelve		12
		thirteen	13
		fourteen	14
		fifteen		15
		sixteen		16
		seventeen	17
		eighteen	18
		nineteen	19
	);
	my %lookup_tens = qw(
		twenty	20
		thirty	30
		forty 	40
		fifty	50
		sixty	60
		seventy	70
		eighty	80
		ninety	90
	);
	my $regex_units = '(zero|one|two|three|four|five|six|seven|eight|nine)';
	my $regex_ten_to_nineteen = '(ten|eleven|twelve|thirteen|fourteen|fifteen|sixteen|seventeen|eighteen|nineteen)';
	my $regex_tens = '(twenty|thirty|forty|fifty|sixty|seventy|eighty|ninety)';
	my $regex_numbers = '(\d+|'.$regex_units.'|'.$regex_ten_to_nineteen.'|'.$regex_tens.'((\s+|\-|)'.$regex_units.')?)';
	#print "REGEX: $regex_numbers\n";
	#my $text = 'seventy two'
	$number += $text if $text =~ /^\d+$/;
	my $regex = $regex_numbers.'$';
	if ( $text =~ /$regex/ ) {
		# trailing zero -> nineteen
		$regex = '('.$regex_units.'|'.$regex_ten_to_nineteen.')$';
		$number += $lookup_0_19{ $1 } if $text =~ /($regex)/;
		# leading tens
		$regex = '^('.$regex_tens.')(\s+|\-|_||$)';
		$number += $lookup_tens{ $1 } if $text =~ /$regex/;
	}
	return $number;
}

# Returns a regex string that matches all number words (or numbers) 0 - 99
sub regex_numbers {
	my $regex_units = '(zero|one|two|three|four|five|six|seven|eight|nine)';
	my $regex_ten_to_nineteen = '(ten|eleven|twelve|thirteen|fourteen|fifteen|sixteen|seventeen|eighteen|nineteen)';
	my $regex_tens = '(twenty|thirty|forty|fifty|sixty|seventy|eighty|ninety)';
	return '(\d+|'.$regex_units.'|'.$regex_ten_to_nineteen.'|'.$regex_tens.'((\s+|\-|)'.$regex_units.')?)';
}

sub default_encodinglocale {
	return 'UTF-8' if (${^UNICODE} & 32);
	return (IS_WIN32 ? 'cp1252' : 'UTF-8');
}

sub default_encodingconsoleout {
	return 'UTF-8' if (${^UNICODE} & 6);
	return (IS_WIN32 ? 'cp850' : 'UTF-8');
}

sub default_encodingwebrequest {
	return 'UTF-8';
}

sub encode_fs {
	return encode($opt->{encodinglocalefs}, shift, FB_EMPTY);
}

sub decode_fs {
	return decode($opt->{encodinglocalefs}, shift, FB_EMPTY);
}

sub encode_cl {
	return encode($opt->{encodinglocale}, shift, FB_EMPTY);
}

sub decode_cl {
	return decode($opt->{encodinglocale}, shift, FB_EMPTY);
}

sub encode_wr {
	return encode($opt->{encodingwebrequest}, shift, FB_EMPTY);
}

sub decode_wr {
	return decode($opt->{encodingwebrequest}, shift, FB_EMPTY);
}

sub hide_progress {
	unless ( $opt->{logprogress} || $opt->{debug} ) {
		if ( $opt->{pvr} || $opt->{stderr} ) {
			return ! -t STDERR;
		} else {
			return ! -t STDOUT;
		}
	}
	return 0;
}

############## OO ################

############## Options class ################
package Options;

use Env qw[@PATH];
use Fcntl;
use File::Copy;
use File::Path;
use File::stat;
use Getopt::Long;
use strict;

# Class vars
# Global options
my $opt_format_ref;
# Constructor
# Usage: $opt = Options->new( 'optname' => 'testing 123', 'myopt2' => 'myval2', <and so on> );
sub new {
	my $type = shift;
	my %params = @_;
	my $self = {};
	for (keys %params) {
		$self->{$_} = $params{$_};
	}
	bless $self, $type;
}

# Use to bind a new options ref to the class global $opt_format_ref var
sub add_opt_format_object {
	my $self = shift;
	$Options::opt_format_ref = shift;
}

# Parse cmdline opts using supplied hash
# If passthru flag is set then no error will result if there are unrecognised options etc
# Usage: $opt_cmdline->parse( [passthru] );
sub parse {
	my $this = shift;
	my $pass_thru = shift;
	my $opt_format_ref = $Options::opt_format_ref;
	# Build hash for passing to GetOptions module
	my %get_opts;

	for my $name ( grep !/^_/, keys %{$opt_format_ref} ) {
		my $format = @{ $opt_format_ref->{$name} }[1];
		$get_opts{ $format } = \$this->{$name};
	}

	# Allow bundling of single char options
	Getopt::Long::Configure("bundling");
	if ( $pass_thru ) {
		Getopt::Long::Configure("pass_through");
	} else {
		Getopt::Long::Configure("no_pass_through");
	}

	# cmdline opts take precedence
	# get options
	return GetOptions(%get_opts);
}

sub copyright_notice {
	shift;
	my $text = "get_iplayer $version_text\n";
	$text .= <<'EOF';
  Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Phil Lewis, 2010- get_iplayer contributors
  This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details use --warranty.
  This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain
  conditions; use --conditions for details.

EOF
	return $text;
}

# Usage: $opt_cmdline->usage( <helplevel>, <manpage>, <dump> );
sub usage {
	my $this = shift;
	# Help levels: 0:Intermediate, 1:Advanced, 2:Basic
	my $helplevel = shift;
	my $manpage = shift;
	my $dumpopts = shift;
	my $opt_format_ref = $Options::opt_format_ref;
	my %section_name;
	my %name_syntax;
	my %name_args;
	my %name_desc;
	my @usage;
	my @man;
	my @dump;
	my @negate = (
		'Boolean options can be negated by adding a "no-" prefix, e.g., --no-subtitles or --no-whitespace.',
		'This applies even if the base option name already begins with "no-", e.g., --no-no-tag or --no-no-artwork',
	);
	push @man,
		'.TH GET_IPLAYER "1" "May 2025" "Phil Lewis" "get_iplayer Manual"',
		'.SH NAME', 'get_iplayer - Stream Recording tool and PVR for BBC iPlayer and BBC Sounds',
		'.SH SYNOPSIS',
		'\fBget_iplayer\fR [<options>] [<regex|index> ...]',
		'.PP',
		'\fBget_iplayer\fR \fB--get\fR [<options>] <regex|index> ...',
		'.PP',
		'\fBget_iplayer\fR <url> [\fB--type\fR=<type> <options>]',
		'.PP',
		'\fBget_iplayer\fR <pid> [\fB--type\fR=<type> <options>]',
		'.PP',
		'\fBget_iplayer\fR \fB--refresh\fR [\fB--type\fR=<type> <options>]',
		'.SH DESCRIPTION',
		'\fBget_iplayer\fR lists, searches and records BBC iPlayer TV and BBC Sounds radio programmes.',
		'.PP',
		'\fBget_iplayer\fR has two modes: recording a complete programme for later playback, and as a Personal Video Recorder (PVR), subscribing to',
		'search terms and recording programmes automatically.',
		'.PP',
		'If given the regex ".*" (incl. quotes), \fBget_iplayer\fR updates and displays the list of currently available TV programmes.',
		'Use --type=radio for radio programmes. Each available programme has an alphanumeric identifier (\fBPID\fR).',
		'.PP',
		'In PVR mode, \fBget_iplayer\fR can be called from cron to record programmes on a schedule.',
		'.SH "OPTIONS"',
		'.PP',
		@negate if $manpage;
	push @usage, 'Usage ( Also see https://github.com/get-iplayer/get_iplayer/wiki/documentation ):';
	push @usage, ' List All Programmes:            get_iplayer [--type=<TYPE>] ".*"';
	push @usage, ' Search Programmes:              get_iplayer [--type=<TYPE>] <REGEX>';
	push @usage, ' Record Programmes by Search:    get_iplayer [--type=<TYPE>] <REGEX> --get';
	push @usage, ' Record Programmes by Index:     get_iplayer <INDEX> --get';
	push @usage, ' Record Programmes by URL:       get_iplayer "<URL>"';
	push @usage, ' Record Programmes by PID:       get_iplayer --pid=<PID>';
	push @usage, '';
	push @usage, ' Update get_iplayer cache:       get_iplayer --refresh [--type=<TYPE>]';
	push @usage, '';
	push @usage, ' Basic Help:                     get_iplayer --basic-help' if $helplevel != 2;
	push @usage, ' Intermediate Help:              get_iplayer --help' if $helplevel == 2;
	push @usage, ' Advanced Help:                  get_iplayer --long-help' if $helplevel != 1;

	for my $name (keys %{$opt_format_ref} ) {
		next if not $opt_format_ref->{$name};
		my ( $helpmask, $format, $section, $syntax, $desc ) = @{ $opt_format_ref->{$name} };
		# Skip advanced options if not req'd
		next if $helpmask == 1 && $helplevel != 1;
		# Skip internediate options if not req'd
		next if $helpmask != 2 && $helplevel == 2;
		push @{$section_name{$section}}, $name if $syntax;
		$name_syntax{$name} = $syntax;
		if ( $format =~ /!$/ ) {
			$name_args{$name} = "1";
		} elsif ( $syntax =~ / (<.*)$/ ) {
			$name_args{$name} = $1;
		}
		$name_desc{$name} = $desc;
	}

	push @dump, "    ".join(" ", @negate);
	# Build the help usage text
	# Each section
	for my $section ( 'Search', 'Display', 'Recording', 'Recursive Recording', 'Output', 'PVR', 'Config', 'External Program', 'Tagging', 'Misc', 'Deprecated' ) {
		next if not defined $section_name{$section};
		my @lines;
		my @manlines;
		my @dumplines;
		#Runs the PVR using all saved PVR searches (intended to be run every hour from cron etc)
		push @man, ".SS \"$section Options:\"" if $manpage;
		push @dump, '', "$section Options:" if $dumpopts;
		push @usage, '', "$section Options:" if $section ne 'Deprecated' or $helplevel == 1;
		# Each name in this section array
		my $xo = Options->excludeopts;
		for my $name ( sort @{ $section_name{$section} } ) {
			push @manlines, '.TP'."\n".'\fB'.$name_syntax{$name}."\n".$name_desc{$name} if $manpage;
			my $dumpname = $name;
			$dumpname = undef if $dumpname =~ /$xo/;
			if ( $dumpname ) {
				$dumpname =~ s/^_//g;
				$dumpname .= " $name_args{$name}" if $name_args{$name};
			}
			push @dumplines, sprintf(" %-51s %-46s %s", $name_syntax{$name}, $dumpname, $name_desc{$name} ) if $dumpopts;
			push @lines, sprintf(" %-51s %s", $name_syntax{$name}, $name_desc{$name} );
		}
		push @usage, sort @lines if $section ne 'Deprecated' or $helplevel == 1;;
		push @man, sort @manlines;
		push @dump, sort @dumplines;
	}

	# Create manpage
	if ( $manpage ) {
		push @man,
			'.SH AUTHOR',
			'get_iplayer was written by Phil Lewis <iplayer2 (at sign) linuxcentre.net> and is now maintained by the contributors at https://github.com/get-iplayer/get_iplayer',
			'.PP',
			'This manual page was originally written by Jonathan Wiltshire <jmw@debian.org> for the Debian project (but may be used by others).',
			'.SH COPYRIGHT NOTICE';
		push @man, Options->copyright_notice;
		# Escape '-'
		s/\-/\\-/g for @man;
		# Open manpage file and write contents
		if (! open (MAN, "> $manpage") ) {
			main::logger "ERROR: Cannot write to manpage file '$manpage'\n";
			exit 1;
		}
		print MAN join "\n", @man, "\n";
		close MAN;
		main::logger "INFO: Wrote manpage file '$manpage'\n";
		exit 0;

	# Print options dump and quit
	} elsif ( $dumpopts ) {
		main::logger join "\n", @dump, "\n";

	# Print usage and quit
	} else {
		main::logger join "\n", @usage, "\n";
	}

	exit 0;
}

# Add all the options into supplied hash from specified class
# Usage: Options->get_class_options( 'Programme:tv' );
sub get_class_options {
	shift;
	my $classname = shift;
	my $opt_format_ref = $Options::opt_format_ref;
	# If the method exists...
	eval { $classname->opt_format() };
	if ( ! $@ ) {
		my %tmpopt = %{ $classname->opt_format() };
		for my $thisopt ( keys %tmpopt ) {
			$opt_format_ref->{$thisopt} = $tmpopt{$thisopt};
		}
	}
}

# Copies values in one instance to another only if they are set with a value/defined
# Usage: $opt->copy_set_options_from( $opt_cmdline );
sub copy_set_options_from {
	my $this_to = shift;
	my $this_from = shift;
	# Merge cmdline options into $opt instance (only those options defined)
	for ( keys %{$this_from} ) {
		$this_to->{$_} = $this_from->{$_} if defined $this_from->{$_};
	}
}

# specify regex of options that cannot be saved
sub excludeopts {
	return '^(cache|profiledir|encoding|silent|help|debug|get|pvr|prefs|preset|warranty|conditions|dumpoptions|comment|markdownloaded)';
}

# List all available presets in the specified dir
sub preset_list {
	my $opt = shift;
	my $dir = shift;
	main::logger "INFO: Valid presets: ";
	my $presets_dir = File::Spec->catfile($profile_dir, "presets");
	if ( opendir( DIR, $presets_dir ) ) {
		my @preset_list = grep !/(^\.|~$)/, readdir DIR;
		closedir DIR;
		main::logger join ',', @preset_list;
	}
	main::logger "\n";
}

# Clears all option entries for a particular preset (i.e. deletes the file)
sub clear {
	my $opt = shift;
	my $prefsfile = shift;
	$opt->show( $prefsfile );
	unlink $prefsfile;
	main::logger "INFO: Removed all above options from $prefsfile\n";
}

# $opt->add( $opt_cmdline, $optfile, @search_args )
# Add/change cmdline-only options to file
sub add {
	my $opt = shift;
	my $this_cmdline = shift;
	my $optfile = shift;
	my @search_args = @_;

	# Load opts file
	my $entry = get( $opt, $optfile );

	# Add search args to opts
	if ( defined $this_cmdline->{search} ) {
		push @search_args, $this_cmdline->{search};
	}
	$this_cmdline->{search} = '('.(join '|', @search_args).')' if @search_args;

	# ignore certain opts in default options file
	if ( $optfile eq $optfile_default ) {
		for my $key ( 'search', 'force', 'overwrite', 'pid' ) {
			if ( defined $this_cmdline->{$key}  ) {
				my $optval;
				if ( ref($this_cmdline->{$key}) eq "ARRAY" ) {
					$optval = join(',', @{$this_cmdline->{$key}});
				} else {
					$optval = $this_cmdline->{$key};
				}
				main::logger "WARNING: '$key' option is not allowed in default options file: $optfile\n";
				main::logger "WARNING: '$key = $optval' will be ignored\n";
				main::logger "WARNING: Use a preset instead\n";
				delete $this_cmdline->{$key};
			}
		}
	}

	# Merge all cmdline opts into $entry except for these
	my $regex = $opt->excludeopts;
	for ( grep !/$regex/, keys %{ $this_cmdline } ) {
		# if this option is on the cmdline
		if ( defined $this_cmdline->{$_} ) {
			my $optval;
			if ( ref($this_cmdline->{$_}) eq "ARRAY" ) {
				$optval = join(',', @{$this_cmdline->{$_}});
			} else {
				$optval = $this_cmdline->{$_};
			}
			main::logger "INFO: Changed option '$_' from '$entry->{$_}' to '$optval'\n" if defined $entry->{$_} && $optval ne $entry->{$_};
			main::logger "INFO: Added option '$_' = '$optval'\n" if not defined $entry->{$_};
			$entry->{$_} = $optval;
		}
	}

	# Save opts file
	put( $opt, $entry, $optfile );
}

# $opt->add( $opt_cmdline, $optfile )
# Add/change cmdline-only options to file
sub del {
	my $opt = shift;
	my $this_cmdline = shift;
	my $optfile = shift;
	my @search_args = @_;
	return 0 if ! -f $optfile;

	# Load opts file
	my $entry = get( $opt, $optfile );

	# Add search args to opts
	$this_cmdline->{search} = '('.(join '|', @search_args).')' if @search_args;

	# Merge all cmdline opts into $entry except for these
	my $regex = $opt->excludeopts;
	for ( grep !/$regex/, keys %{ $this_cmdline } ) {
		main::logger "INFO: Deleted option '$_' = '$entry->{$_}'\n" if defined $this_cmdline->{$_} && defined $entry->{$_};
		delete $entry->{$_} if defined $this_cmdline->{$_};
	}

	# Save opts file
	put( $opt, $entry, $optfile );
}

# $opt->show( $optfile )
# show options from file
sub show {
	my $opt = shift;
	my $optfile = shift;
	return 0 if ! -f $optfile;

	# Load opts file
	my $entry = get( $opt, $optfile, 1 );

	# Merge all cmdline opts into $entry except for these
	main::logger "Options in '$optfile'\n";
	my $regex = $opt->excludeopts;
	for ( keys %{ $entry } ) {
		main::logger "\t$_ = $entry->{$_}\n";
	}
}

# $opt->save( $opt_cmdline, $optfile )
# Save cmdline-only options to file
sub put {
	my $opt = shift;
	my $entry = shift;
	my $optfile = shift;

	unlink $optfile;
	main::logger "DEBUG: adding/changing options to $optfile:\n" if $opt->{debug};
	open (OPT, "> $optfile") || die ("ERROR: Cannot save options to $optfile\n");
	for ( keys %{ $entry } ) {
		if ( defined $entry->{$_} ) {
			print OPT "$_ $entry->{$_}\n";
			main::logger "DEBUG: Saving option $_ = $entry->{$_}\n" if $opt->{debug};
		}
	}
	close OPT;

	main::logger "INFO: Options file $optfile updated\n";
	return;
}

# Returns a hashref of 'optname => internal_opt_name' for all options
sub get_opt_map {
	my $opt_format_ref = $Options::opt_format_ref;

	# Get a hash or optname -> internal_opt_name
	my $optname;
	for my $optint ( keys %{ $opt_format_ref } ) {
		my $format = @{ $opt_format_ref->{$optint} }[1];
		#main::logger "INFO: Opt Format '$format'\n";
		$format =~ s/=.*$//g;
		# Parse each option format
		for ( split /\|/, $format ) {
			next if /^$/;
			#main::logger "INFO: Opt '$_' -> '$optint'\n";
			if ( defined $optname->{$_} ) {
				main::logger "ERROR: Duplicate Option defined '$_' -> '$optint' and '$optname->{$_}'\n";
				exit 12;
			}
			$optname->{$_} = $optint;
		}
	}
	for my $optint ( keys %{ $opt_format_ref } ) {
		$optname->{$optint} = $optint;
	}
	return $optname;
}

# $entry = get( $opt, $optfile )
# get all options from file into $entry ($opt is used just to get access to general options like debug)
sub get {
	my $opt = shift;
	my $optfile = shift;
	my $suppress_warnings = shift;
	my $opt_format_ref = $Options::opt_format_ref;
	my $entry;
	return $entry if ( ! defined $optfile ) || ( ! -f $optfile );

	my $optname = get_opt_map();

	my (@ignored, @deprecated);
	# Load opts
	main::logger "DEBUG: Parsing options from $optfile:\n" if $opt->{debug};
	open (OPT, "< $optfile") || die ("ERROR: Cannot read options file: $optfile\n");
	while(<OPT>) {
		next unless (/^\s*([\w\-_]+)\s+(.*)\s*$/);
		# Error if the option is not valid
		if ( not defined $optname->{$1} ) {
			push @ignored, "$1 = $2";
			next;
		}
		# Warn if it is listed as an ignored internal option name
		if ( defined @{ $opt_format_ref->{$1} }[2] ) {
			if ( @{ $opt_format_ref->{$1} }[2] eq 'Ignored' ) {
				push @ignored, "$1 = $2";
			}
		}
		# Warn if it is listed as a deprecated internal option name
		if ( defined @{ $opt_format_ref->{$1} }[2] ) {
			if ( @{ $opt_format_ref->{$1} }[2] eq 'Deprecated' ) {
				push @deprecated, "$1 = $2";
			}
		}
		chomp( $entry->{ $optname->{$1} } = $2 );
		main::logger "DEBUG: Loaded option $1 ($optname->{$1}) = $2\n" if $opt->{debug};
	}
	close OPT;
	unless ( $suppress_warnings ) {
		# Force error to go to STDERR (prevents PVR runs getting STDOUT warnings)
		$opt->{stderr} = 1;
		my $show_ignored = @ignored && ( $opt->{verbose} || $entry->{verbose} ) ;
		if ( $show_ignored ) {
			main::logger "WARNING: Ignoring invalid option(s) in $optfile:\n";
			for my $ignored ( @ignored ) {
				main::logger "WARNING: $ignored\n";
			}
			main::logger "WARNING: Please remove invalid options from $optfile\n";
		}
		if ( @deprecated ) {
			main::logger "WARNING: Deprecated option(s) found in $optfile:\n";
			for my $deprecated ( @deprecated ) {
				main::logger "WARNING: $deprecated\n";
			}
			main::logger "WARNING: Deprecated options will be removed in a future release\n";
		}
		main::logger "INFO: Use --dump-options to display all valid options\n" if @deprecated or ( @ignored && $show_ignored );
		delete $opt->{stderr};
	}
	return $entry;
}

# $opt_file->load( $opt, $optfile )
# Load default options from file(s) into instance
sub load {
	my $this_file = shift;
	my $opt = shift;
	my @optfiles = ( @_ );

	# If multiple files are specified, load them in order listed
	for my $optfile ( @optfiles ) {
		# Load opts
		my $entry = get( $opt, $optfile );
		# ignore certain opts in default options file
		if ( $optfile eq $optfile_default ) {
			for my $key ( 'search', 'force', 'overwrite', 'pid' ) {
				if ( defined $entry->{$key}  ) {
					main::logger "WARNING: '$key' option is invalid in default options file: $optfile\n";
					main::logger "WARNING: '$key = $entry->{$key}' will be ignored\n";
					delete $entry->{$key};
				}
			}
		}
		# Copy to $this_file instance
		$this_file->copy_set_options_from( $entry );
	}

	return;
}

# Usage: $opt_file->display( [<exclude regex>], [<title>] );
# Display options
sub display {
	my $this = shift;
	my $title = shift || 'Options';
	my $excluderegex = shift || '_ROGUE_VALUE_';
	my $regex = $this->excludeopts;
	main::logger "$title:\n";
	for ( sort keys %{$this} ) {
		if ( defined $this->{$_} && $this->{$_} ) {
			if ( ref($this->{$_}) eq 'ARRAY' ) {
				main::logger "\t$_ = ".(join(',', @{$this->{$_}}))."\n";
			} else {
				main::logger "\t$_ = $this->{$_}\n";
			}
		}
	}
	main::logger "\n";
	return 0;
}

################ History class #################
package History;

use Encode;
use Env qw[@PATH];
use Fcntl;
use File::Copy;
use File::Path;
use File::stat;
use strict;

# Class vars
# Global options

# Constructor
# Usage: $hist = History->new();
sub new {
	my $type = shift;
	my %params = @_;
	my $self = {};
	for (keys %params) {
		$self->{$_} = $params{$_};
	}
	## Ensure the subclass $opt var is pointing to the Superclass global optref
	$opt = $History::optref;
	bless $self, $type;
}

# $opt->{<option>} access method
sub opt {
	my $self = shift;
	my $optname = shift;
	return $opt->{$optname};
}

# Use to bind a new options ref to the class global $opt_ref var
sub add_opt_object {
	my $self = shift;
	$History::optref = shift;
}

# Uses global @history_format
# Adds prog to history file (with a timestamp) so that it is not rerecorded after deletion
sub add {
	my $hist = shift;
	my $prog = shift;

	# Only add if a pid is specified
	return 0 if ! $prog->{pid};
	# Don't add to history if nowrite is used
	return 0 if $opt->{nowrite};

	# Add to history
	if ( ! open(HIST, ">> $historyfile") ) {
		main::logger "ERROR: Cannot write or append to $historyfile\n";
		exit 11;
	}
	# Update timestamp
	$prog->{timeadded} = time();
	# Write each field into a line in the history file
	print HIST ($_ =~ /^filename$/ ? main::decode_fs($prog->{$_}) : $prog->{$_}).'|' for @history_format;
	print HIST "\n";
	close HIST;

	# (re)load whole hist
	# Would be nicer to just add the entry to the history object but this is safer.
	$hist->load();

	return 0;
}

# Uses global @history_format
# returns, for all the pids in the history file, $history->{pid}->{key} = value
sub load {
	my $hist = shift;

	# Return if force option specified
	return 0 if ! $opt->{history} && ( $opt->{force} || $opt->{nowrite} );

	# clear first
	$hist->clear();

	main::logger "INFO: Loading recordings history\n" if $opt->{verbose};
	if ( ! open(HIST, "< $historyfile") ) {
		main::logger "WARNING: Cannot read $historyfile\n" if $opt->{verbose} && -f $historyfile;
		return 0;
	}

	# Slow. Needs to be faster
	while (<HIST>) {
		chomp();
		# Ignore comments
		next if /^[\#\s]/;
		# Populate %prog_old from cache
		# Get history line
		my @record = split /\|/;
		my $record_entries;
		# Update fields in %history hash for $pid
		for ( @history_format ) {
			$record_entries->{$_} = ( shift @record ) || '';
			if ( /^filename$/ ) {
				$record_entries->{$_} = main::encode_fs($record_entries->{$_});
			}
		}
		# Create new history entry
		if ( defined $hist->{ $record_entries->{pid} } ) {
			main::logger "WARNING: duplicate pid $record_entries->{pid} in history\n" if $opt->{debug};
			# Replace filename and mode with latest entry if file exists
			if ( -f $record_entries->{filename} ) {
				$hist->{ $record_entries->{pid} }->{mode} = $record_entries->{mode};
				$hist->{ $record_entries->{pid} }->{filename} = $record_entries->{filename};
				main::logger "DEBUG: Loaded and replaced '$record_entries->{pid}' = '$record_entries->{name} - $record_entries->{episode}' from history\n" if $opt->{debug};
			}
		} else {
			# workaround empty names
			#$record_entries->{name} = 'pid:'.$record_entries->{pid} if ! $record_entries->{name};
			$hist->{ $record_entries->{pid} } = History->new();
			$hist->{ $record_entries->{pid} } = $record_entries;
			main::logger "DEBUG: Loaded '$record_entries->{pid}' = '$record_entries->{name} - $record_entries->{episode}' from history\n" if $opt->{debug};
		}
	}
	close (HIST);
	return 0;
}

# Clear the history in %{$hist}
sub clear {
	my $hist = shift;
	# There is probably a faster way
	delete $hist->{$_} for keys %{ $hist };
	return 0;
}

# Loads hist from file if required
sub conditional_load {
	my $hist = shift;

	# Load if empty
	if ( ! keys %{ $hist } ) {
		main::logger "INFO: Loaded history for first check.\n" if $opt->{verbose};
		$hist->load();
	}
	return 0;
}

# Returns a history pid instance ref
sub get_record {
	my $hist = shift;
	my $pid = shift;
	$hist->conditional_load();
	if ( defined $hist->{$pid} ) {
		return $hist->{$pid};
	}
	return undef;
}

# Returns a list of current history pids
sub get_pids {
	my $hist = shift;
	$hist->conditional_load();
	return keys %{ $hist };
}

# Lists current history items
# Requires a load()
sub list_progs {
	my $hist = shift;
	my $prog = {};
	my ( @search_args ) = ( @_ );

	# Load if empty
	$hist->conditional_load();

	# This is a 'well dirty' hack to allow all the Programme class methods to be used on the history objects
	# Basically involves copying all history objects into prog objects and then calling the required method

	# Sort index by timestamp
	my %index_hist;
	main::sort_index( $hist, \%index_hist, undef, 'timeadded' );

	for my $index ( sort {$a <=> $b} keys %index_hist ) {
		my $record = $index_hist{$index};
		my $progrec;
		if ( not main::is_prog_type( $record->{type} ) ) {
			main::logger "WARNING: Programme type '$record->{type}' does not exist - using generic class\n" if $opt->{debug};
			$progrec = Programme->new();
		} else {
			# instantiate a new Programme object and copy all metadata from this history object into it
			$progrec = main::progclass( $record->{type} )->new();
		}
		for my $key ( keys %{ $record } ) {
			$progrec->{$key} = $record->{$key};
		}
		$prog->{ $progrec->{pid} } = $progrec;
		# CAVEAT: The filename is comma-separated if there is a multimode download. For now just use the first one
		if ( $prog->{ $progrec->{pid} }->{mode} =~ /\w+,\w+/ ) {
			$prog->{ $progrec->{pid} }->{mode} =~ s/,.+$//g;
			$prog->{ $progrec->{pid} }->{filename} =~ s/,.+$//g;
		}
	}

	# Parse remaining args
	my @match_list;
	for ( @search_args ) {
		chomp();

		# If Numerical value < $max_index and the object exists from loaded prog types
		if ( /^[\d]+$/ && $_ <= $max_index ) {
			if ( defined $index_hist{$_} ) {
				main::logger "INFO: Search term '$_' is an Index value\n" if $opt->{verbose};
				push @match_list, $prog->{ $index_hist{$_}->{pid} };
			}

		# If PID then find matching programmes with 'pid:<pid>'
		} elsif ( m{^\s*pid:(.+?)\s*$}i ) {
			if ( defined $prog->{$1} ) {
				main::logger "INFO: Search term '$1' is a pid\n" if $opt->{verbose};
				push @match_list, $prog->{$1};
			} else {
				main::logger "INFO: Search term '$1' is a non-existent pid in the history\n";
			}

		# Else assume this is a programme name regex
		} else {
			main::logger "INFO: Search term '$_' is a substring or regular expression\n" if $opt->{verbose};
			push @match_list, main::get_regex_matches( $prog, $_ );
		}
	}

	# force skipdeleted if --tagonly is specified
	$opt->{skipdeleted} = 1 if $opt->{tagonly};

	# Prune list of history entries with non-existant media files
	if ( $opt->{skipdeleted} ) {
		my @pruned = ();
		for my $this ( @match_list ) {
			# Skip if no filename in history
			if ( defined $this->{filename} && $this->{filename} ) {
				# Skip if the originally recorded file no longer exists
				if ( ! -f $this->{filename} ) {
					main::logger "DEBUG: Skipping metadata/thumbnail/tagging - file no longer exists: '$this->{filename}'\n" if $opt->{verbose};
				} else {
					push @pruned, $this;
				}
			}
		}
		@match_list = @pruned;
	}

	# apply sort
	@match_list = main::sort_matches(@match_list);

	# De-dup matches and retain order then list matching programmes in history
	@match_list = main::make_array_unique_ordered( @match_list );
	main::list_progs( undef, @match_list );

	if ( $opt->{info} || $opt->{metadataonly} || $opt->{thumbonly} || $opt->{cuesheetonly} || $opt->{tracklistonly} || $opt->{creditsonly} || $opt->{subsonly} || $opt->{tagonly} || $opt->{streaminfo} ) {
		main::download_other( $hist, @match_list );
	}
	return 0;
}

# Generic
# Checks history for previous download of this pid
sub check {
	my $hist = shift;
	my $pid = shift;
	my $silent = shift;
	return 0 if ! $pid;

	# Return if force option specified
	return 0 if $opt->{force} || $opt->{nowrite};

	# Load if empty
	$hist->conditional_load();

	if ( defined $hist->{ $pid } ) {
		my ( $name, $episode, $histmode ) = ( $hist->{$pid}->{name}, $hist->{$pid}->{episode}, $hist->{$pid}->{mode} );
		main::logger "DEBUG: Found PID='$pid' with MODE='$histmode' in history\n" if $opt->{debug};
		main::logger "INFO: '$name - $episode ($pid)' already in history ($historyfile) - use --force to override\n" if ! $silent;
		return 1;
	}

	main::logger "INFO: Programme not in history\n" if $opt->{verbose} && ! $silent;
	return 0;
}

#################### Programme class ###################
package Programme;

use Cwd 'abs_path';
use Encode;
use Env qw[@PATH];
use Fcntl;
use File::Basename;
use File::Copy;
use File::Path;
use File::Spec;
use File::stat;
use HTML::Entities;
use HTML::Parser 3.71;
use HTTP::Cookies;
use HTTP::Headers;
use IO::Seekable;
use IO::Socket;
use JSON::PP;
use List::Util qw(first);
use LWP::ConnCache;
use LWP::UserAgent;
use POSIX qw(strftime);
use strict;
use Time::Local;
use URI;
use XML::LibXML 1.91;
use constant IS_WIN32 => $^O eq 'MSWin32' ? 1 : 0;

my $ffmpeg_check;

# Class vars
# Global options
my $optref;
my $opt;
# File format
sub file_prefix_format { return '<name> - <episode> <pid> <version>' };
# index min/max
sub index_min { return 0 }
sub index_max { return 9999999 };
# Class cmdline Options
sub opt_format {
	return {
	};
}

# Filter channel names matched with options --refreshexclude/--refreshinclude
sub channels_filtered {
	my $prog = shift;
	my $channel_groups = shift;
	# assume class method call
	(my $prog_type = $prog) =~ s/Programme:://;
	my $exclude_groups = $opt->{'refreshexcludegroups'.$prog_type} || $opt->{'refreshexcludegroups'};
	my $include_groups = $opt->{'refreshincludegroups'.$prog_type} || $opt->{'refreshincludegroups'};
	my %channels;
	my %group_channels;
	# include/exclude matching channels as required
	my $include_regex = '.*';
	my $exclude_regex = '^_ROGUE_VALUE_$';
	# Create a regex from any comma separated values
	$exclude_regex = '('.(join '|', ( split /,/, $opt->{refreshexclude} ) ).')' if $opt->{refreshexclude};
	$include_regex = '('.(join '|', ( split /,/, $opt->{refreshinclude} ) ).')' if $opt->{refreshinclude};
	for my $group ( keys %{$channel_groups} ) {
		my %channel_group = %{$channel_groups->{$group}};
		@channels{ keys %channel_group } = values %channel_group;
		if ( ( $exclude_groups && $exclude_groups !~ /\b$group\b/ ) || ( $include_groups && $include_groups =~ /\b$group\b/ ) ) {
			@group_channels{ keys %channel_group } = values %channel_group;
		}
	}
	my $use_group_channels = scalar keys %group_channels;
	$use_group_channels = 1 if ! $use_group_channels && $exclude_groups;
	for my $channel ( keys %channels ) {
		if ( $use_group_channels ) {
			if ( $exclude_regex ne '^_ROGUE_VALUE_$' && $group_channels{$channel} =~ /$exclude_regex/i ) {
				delete $group_channels{$channel};
			}
			if ( $include_regex ne '.*' && $channels{$channel} =~ /$include_regex/i ) {
				$group_channels{$channel} = $channels{$channel} unless $group_channels{$channel};
			}
		}
		unless ( $channels{$channel} !~ /$exclude_regex/i && $channels{$channel} =~ /$include_regex/i ) {
			delete $channels{$channel};
		}
		if ( $use_group_channels ) {
			delete $channels{$channel} if ( $channels{$channel} && ! $group_channels{$channel} );
			$channels{$channel} = $group_channels{$channel} if ( ! $channels{$channel} && $group_channels{$channel} );
		}
	}
	if ( $opt->{verbose} ) {
		main::logger "INFO: Will refresh channel $_\n" for sort values %channels;
	}
	return \%channels;
}

sub channels_schedule {
	return {};
}

# Method to return optional list_entry format
sub optional_list_entry_format {
	my $prog = shift;
	return '';
}

# Returns the modes to try for this prog type
sub modelist {
	return '';
}

# Default minimum expected download size for a programme type
sub min_download_size {
	return 1024000;
}

# Default cache expiry in seconds
sub expiry {
	return 14400;
}

# Constructor
# Usage: $prog{$pid} = Programme->new( 'pid' => $pid, 'name' => $name, <and so on> );
sub new {
	my $type = shift;
	my %params = @_;
	my $self = {};
	for (keys %params) {
		$self->{$_} = $params{$_};
	}
	## Ensure that all instances reference the same class global $optref var
	# $self->{optref} = $Programme::optref;
	# Ensure the subclass $opt var is pointing to the Superclass global optref
	$opt = $Programme::optref;
	bless $self, $type;
}

# Use to bind a new options ref to the class global $optref var
sub add_opt_object {
	my $self = shift;
	$Programme::optref = shift;
}

# $opt->{<option>} access method
sub opt {
	my $self = shift;
	my $optname = shift;
	return $opt->{$optname};

	#return $Programme::optref->{$optname};
	#my $opt = $self->{optref};
	#return $self->{optref}->{$optname};
}

# This gets run before the download retry loop if this class type is selected
sub init {
}

# Create dir if it does not exist
sub create_dir {
	my $prog = shift;
	if ( (! -d "$prog->{dir}") && (! $opt->{test}) ) {
		main::logger "INFO: Creating dir '$prog->{dir}'\n" if $opt->{verbose};
		eval { mkpath("$prog->{dir}") };
		if ( $@ ) {
			main::logger "ERROR: Could not create dir '$prog->{dir}': $@";
			exit 1;
		}
	}
}

# Return metadata of the prog
sub get_metadata {
	my $prog = shift;
	my $ua = shift;
	$prog->{modes}->{default} = $prog->modelist();
	if ( keys %{ $prog->{verpids} } == 0 ) {
		if ( $prog->get_verpids( $ua ) ) {
			main::logger "ERROR: Could not get version PID metadata\n" if $opt->{verbose};
			return 1;
		}
	}
	$prog->{versions} = join ',', sort keys %{ $prog->{verpids} };
	return 0;
}

# Return metadata which is generic such as time and date
sub get_metadata_general {
	my $prog = shift;
	my @t;

	# Special case for history mode, use {timeadded} to generate these two fields as this represents the time of recording
	if ( $opt->{history} && $prog->{timeadded} ) {
		@t = localtime( $prog->{timeadded} );

	# Else use current time
	} else {
		@t = localtime();
	}

	#($second, $minute, $hour, $dayOfMonth, $month, $yearOffset, $dayOfWeek, $dayOfYear, $daylightSavings) = localtime();
	$prog->{dldate} = sprintf "%02s-%02s-%02s", $t[5] + 1900, $t[4] + 1, $t[3];
	$prog->{dltime} = sprintf "%02s:%02s:%02s", $t[2], $t[1], $t[0];

	return 0;
}

# Displays specified metadata from supplied object
# Usage: $prog->display_metadata( <array of elements to display> )
sub display_metadata {
	my $prog = shift;
	my %data = %{$prog};
	my @keys = @_;
	@keys = keys %data if $#_ < 0;
	my $now = time();
	main::logger "\n";
	for (@keys) {
		# Format timeadded field nicely
		if ( /^timeadded$/ ) {
			if ( $data{$_} ) {
				my @t = gmtime( $now - $data{$_} );
				my $ts = strftime('%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S+00:00', gmtime($data{$_}));
				main::logger sprintf "%-16s %s\n", $_.':', "$t[7] days $t[2] hours ago ($ts)";
			}
		} elsif ( /^expires$/ ) {
			if ( $data{$_} && $data{$_} > $now ) {
				my @t = gmtime( $data{$_} - $now );
				my $years = ($t[5]-70)."y " if ($t[5]-70) > 0;
				my $ts = strftime('%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S+00:00', gmtime($data{$_}));
				main::logger sprintf "%-16s %s\n", $_.':', "in ${years}$t[7] days $t[2] hours ($ts)";
			}
		# Streams data
		} elsif ( /^streams$/ ) {
			# skip these
		# If hash then list keys
		} elsif ( ref$data{$_} eq 'HASH' ) {
			next if ( /^(geoblocked|unavailable)$/ && ! $opt->{verbose} );
			next if ( $_ eq "modes" || $_ eq "modesizes") && ! $opt->{verbose};
			for my $key ( sort keys %{$data{$_}} ) {
				main::logger sprintf "%-16s ", $_.':';
				if ( ref$data{$_}->{$key} ne 'HASH' ) {
					if ( $_ eq "modes" || $_ eq "modesizes" ||  $_ eq "qualities" || $_ eq "qualitysizes" )	{
						my %seen = ();
						my @vals = sort Programme::cmp_modes grep { not $seen{$_}++ } map { $_ =~ s/([a-z])\d+/$1/; $_; } split(/,/, $data{$_}->{$key});
 						my $val = join(",", @vals);
						main::logger "$key: $val";
						main::logger " [estimated sizes]" if $_ eq "modesizes" ||  $_ eq "qualitysizes";
					} else {
						main::logger "$key: $data{$_}->{$key}";
					}
				# This is the same as 'modes' list
				#} else {
				#	main::logger "$key: ".(join ',', sort keys %{ $data{$_}->{$key} } );
				}
				main::logger "\n";
			}
		} elsif ( /^desclong$/ ) {
			# strip line breaks
			if ( $data{$_} ) {
				(my $data_out = $data{$_}) =~ s|[\n\r]| |g;
				main::logger sprintf "%-16s %s\n", $_.':', $data_out;
			}
		} elsif ( $prog->is_path_key($_) ) {
				main::logger sprintf "%-16s %s\n", $_.':', main::decode_fs($data{$_});
		# else just print out key value pair
		} else {
			main::logger sprintf "%-16s %s\n", $_.':', $data{$_} if $data{$_};
		}
	}
	main::logger "\n";
	return 0;
}

# Return a list of episode pids from the given contents page/pid
sub get_pids_recursive {
	my $prog = shift;
	return '';
}

# Return hash of version => verpid given a pid
# Also put verpids in $prog->{verpids}->{<version>} = <verpid>
sub get_verpids {
	my $prog = shift;
	$prog->{verpids}->{'default'} = 1;
	return 0;
}

# check existence of subtitle streams
sub subtitles_available {
	# return false...
	return 0;
}

# Download Subtitles, convert to srt(SubRip) format and apply time offset
sub download_subtitles {
	# return failed...
	return 1;
}

# Usage: generate_version_list ($prog)
# Returns sorted array of versions
sub generate_version_list {
	my $prog = shift;
	# Default Order with which to search for programme versions (can be overridden by --versionlist option)
	my @default_version_list = qw/original iplayer technical editorial legal lengthened shortened opensubtitles podcast/;
	# append any unknown/unspecified versions found to default version list
 	for my $key ( sort keys %{$prog->{verpids}} ) {
		next if $key =~ /(audiodescribed|signed|combined)/;
		$key =~ s/\s+.*$//;
		if ( ! grep(/^$key$/, @default_version_list) && $opt->{versionlist} !~ /\b$key\b/) {
			push @default_version_list, lc($key);
		}
	}
	my @version_search_order;
	# override with --versionlist
	if ( $opt->{versionlist} ) {
		@version_search_order = map { /^default$/i ? @default_version_list : $_ } split /,/, $opt->{versionlist};
		# ignore audiodescribed/signed/combined for radio programmes
		if ( $prog->{type} eq "radio" ) {
			@version_search_order = grep !/(audiodescribed|signed|combined)/, @version_search_order;
			@version_search_order = @default_version_list unless @version_search_order;
		}
	} else {
		@version_search_order = @default_version_list;
	}
	# splice related versions into version search list
 	for my $key ( sort keys %{$prog->{verpids}} ) {
		next if $key =~ /(audiodescribed|signed|combined)/;
		$key =~ s/\s+.*$//;
		if ( ! grep /^$key$/, @version_search_order ) {
			(my $base = $key) =~ s/\d+$//;
			my $idx = first { $version_search_order[$_] =~ /^$base/ && $version_search_order[$_] lt $key } reverse(0..$#version_search_order);
			if ( defined($idx) ) {
				splice @version_search_order, $idx+1, 0, lc($key);
			} else {
				my $idx = first { $version_search_order[$_] =~ /^$base/ && $version_search_order[$_] gt $key } 0..$#version_search_order;
				if ( defined($idx) ) {
					my $ver = $version_search_order[$_];
					$idx++ if $opt->{versionlist} =~ /\b$ver\b/;
					splice @version_search_order, $idx, 0, lc($key);
				} else {
					# append any unknown versions found with programme unless --versionlist used
					push @version_search_order, lc($key) unless ( $opt->{versionlist} );
				}
			}
		}
	}
	# podcast version has lowest priority by default
	unless ( $opt->{versionlist} ) {
		my @podcast = grep /^podcast/i, @version_search_order;
		@version_search_order = grep !/^podcast/i, @version_search_order;
		push @version_search_order, @podcast;
	}
	# check here for no matching verpids for specified version search list???
	my $got = 0;
	my @version_list;
	for my $version ( @version_search_order ) {
		if ( defined $prog->{verpids}->{$version} ) {
			$got++;
			push @version_list, $version;
		}
	}
	# prioritise versions with subtitles if --subtitles specified
	my @subs_versions;
	my @nosubs_versions;
	if ( $opt->{subtitles} && $prog->{type} eq 'tv' ) {
		for my $version ( @version_list ) {
			if ( $prog->subtitles_available( [ $version ] ) ) {
				push @subs_versions, $version;
			} else {
				push @nosubs_versions, $version;
			}
		}
		@version_list = ( @subs_versions, @nosubs_versions );
	}
	if ( $got == 0 ) {
		main::logger "INFO: No versions of this programme were selected (available versions: ".(keys %{ $prog->{verpids} } == 0 ? "none" : join ',', sort keys %{ $prog->{verpids} } ).")\n";
	} else {
		main::logger "INFO: Searching for versions: ".(join ',', @version_list)."\n" if $opt->{verbose};
	}
	return @version_list;
}

sub cmp_modes($$) {
	my ($x, $y) = @_;
	my %ranks = (
		'fhd(\d+)?' => 1000,
		'(\b|[^f])hd(\d+)?' => 2000,
		'(\b|[^x])sd(\d+)?' => 3000,
		'xsd(\d+)?' => 4000,
		'(\b|[^x])web(\d+)?' => 5000,
		'xweb(\d+)?' => 6000,
		'mobile(\d+)?' => 7000,
		'high(\d+)?' => 8000,
		'std(\d+)?' => 9000,
		'med(\d+)?' => 10000,
		'low(\d+)?' => 11000,
		'subtitles(\d+)?' => 12000,
	);
	my %ranks2 = (
		'^hls' => 10,
		'^dash' => 20,
		'^subtitle' => 30,
	);
	my ($rank_x, $rank_y);
	for my $k ( keys %ranks ) {
		$rank_x = $ranks{$k} + $1 if $x =~ /$k/;
		$rank_y = $ranks{$k} + $1 if $y =~ /$k/;
	}
	for my $k ( keys %ranks2 ) {
		$rank_x += $ranks2{$k} if $x =~ /$k/;
		$rank_y += $ranks2{$k} if $y =~ /$k/;
	}
	$rank_x <=> $rank_y;
}

# Retry the recording of a programme
# Usage: download_retry_loop ( $prog )
sub download_retry_loop {
	my $prog = shift;
	my $hist = shift;

	# Run the type init
	$prog->init();

	# If already downloaded then return
	return 0 if $hist->check( $prog->{pid} );

	# Skip and warn if there is no pid
	if ( ! $prog->{pid} ) {
		main::logger "ERROR: No PID for index $_ (try using --type option ?)\n";
		return 1;
	}

	if ( $prog->{type} eq "tv" && ! $opt->{nowarntvlicence} ) {
		$opt->{nowarntvlicence} = 1;
		main::logger "WARNING: A UK TV licence is required to access BBC iPlayer TV content legally\n";
	}

	main::logger "INFO: Processing $prog->{type}: '$prog->{name} - $prog->{episode} ($prog->{pid})'\n";

	# Setup user-agent
	my $ua = main::create_ua( 'desktop' );

	# This pre-gets all the metadata - necessary to avoid get_verpids() below if possible
	$prog->get_metadata_general();
	if ( $prog->get_metadata( $ua ) ) {
		main::logger "ERROR: Could not get programme metadata\n" if $opt->{verbose};
		return 1;
	}

	# Look up version pids for this prog - this does nothing if above get_metadata has alredy completed
	if ( keys %{ $prog->{verpids} } == 0 ) {
		if ( $prog->get_verpids( $ua ) ) {
			main::logger "ERROR: Could not get version PID metadata\n" if $opt->{verbose};
			return 1;
		}
	}

	# Re-check history because get_verpids() can update the pid (e.g. BBC /programmes/ URLs)
	return 0 if ( $hist->check( $prog->{pid} ) );

	# if %{ $prog->{verpids} } is empty then skip this programme recording attempt
	if ( (keys %{ $prog->{verpids} }) == 0 ) {
		main::logger "INFO: No versions exist for this programme\n";
		return 1;
	}

	my @version_search_list = $prog->generate_version_list;
	return 1 if $#version_search_list < 0;

	######## version loop #######
	# Do this for each version tried in this order (if they appeared in the content)
	for my $version ( @version_search_list ) {
		my $retcode = 1;
		main::logger "INFO: Searching for version: '$version'\n" if $opt->{verbose};
		if ( $prog->{verpids}->{$version} ) {
			if ( $prog->{version} ne $version ) {
				undef $prog->{filename};
				main::logger "INFO: Regenerate filename for version change: $prog->{version} -> $version\n" if ( $prog->{version} && $opt->{verbose} );
			}
			$prog->{version} = $version;
			$prog->{verpid} = $prog->{verpids}->{$version};
			main::logger "INFO: Found version: '$prog->{version}'\n" if $opt->{verbose};

			# Try to get stream data for this version if not already populated
			if ( not defined $prog->{streams}->{$version} ) {
				$prog->{streams}->{$version} = $prog->get_stream_data( $prog->{verpids}->{$version}, undef, $version );
			}

			# Get all possible (or user overridden) modes for this prog version
			my $modelist = $prog->modelist();
			main::logger "INFO: Mode list for version '$prog->{version}': $modelist\n" if $opt->{verbose};

			########## mode loop ########
			# record prog depending on the prog type

			# only use modes that exist
			my @modes;
			my @available_modes = sort keys %{ $prog->{streams}->{$version} };
			for my $modename ( split /,/, $modelist ) {
				# next if $opt->{audioonly} && $prog->{type} eq "tv" && $modename =~ /^hls/;
				# find all numbered modes starting with this modename
				push @modes, sort { $a cmp $b } grep /^$modename(\d+)?$/, @available_modes;
			}
			main::logger "INFO: Modes to try for '$version' version: ".join(',', @modes)."\n" if $opt->{verbose};

			main::logger "INFO: Downloading $prog->{type}: '$prog->{name} - $prog->{episode} ($prog->{pid}) [$version]'\n";
			# Check for no applicable modes - report which ones are available if none are specified
			if ($#modes < 0) {
				my %available_modes_short;
				# Strip the number from the end of the mode name and make a unique array
				for my $modename ( @available_modes ) {
					# next if $opt->{audioonly} && $prog->{type} eq "tv" && $modename =~ /^hls/;
					next if $modename =~ /subtitle/;
					$modename =~ s/\d+$//g;
					$available_modes_short{$modename}++;
				}
				my $msg = "No supported recording quality";
				if ( $opt->{$prog->{type}."mode"} || $opt->{modes} ) {
					$msg = "No specified recording quality";
				}
				my $available_qualities = $prog->qualities_from_modes( join( ",", sort Programme::cmp_modes @available_modes ) );
				main::logger "INFO: $msg ".($modelist ? "($modelist) " : "")."available for this programme with version '$version'\n";
				if ( $available_qualities ) {
					main::logger "INFO: Available qualities: $available_qualities\n"
				} else {
					main::logger "INFO: No other recording quality is available\n";
					main::logger "INFO: The programme may not be available - check the iPlayer or Sounds site\n";
					main::logger "INFO: The programme may only be available in an unsupported format (e.g., Flash) - check the iPlayer or Sounds site\n";
					main::logger "INFO: If you use a VPN/VPS/Smart DNS/web proxy, it may have been blocked\n";
				}
				next;
			}

			# Expand the modes into a loop
			for my $mode ( @modes ) {
				chomp( $mode );
				(my $modeshort = $mode) =~ s/\d+$//g;
				# force regeneration of file name if mode changed
				if ( $prog->{modeshort} ne $modeshort ) {
					undef $prog->{filename};
					main::logger "INFO: Regenerate filename for mode change: $prog->{modeshort} -> $modeshort\n" if ( $prog->{modeshort} && $opt->{verbose} );
				}
				$prog->{mode} = $mode;
				# Keep short mode name for substitutions
				$prog->{modeshort} = $modeshort;
				$prog->{quality} = $prog->qualities_from_modes($mode);

				# try the recording for this mode (rtn==0 -> success, rtn==1 -> next mode, rtn==2 -> next prog)
				$retcode = mode_ver_download_retry_loop( $prog, $hist, $ua, $mode, $version, $prog->{verpids}->{$version} );
				main::logger "DEBUG: mode_ver_download_retry_loop retcode = $retcode\n" if $opt->{debug};

				if ( $opt->{downloadabortonfail} && $retcode == 1 ) {
					main::logger "ERROR: Failed to download '$prog->{mode}' stream and --download-abortonfail specified - exiting\n";
					unlink $lockfile;
					exit 7;
				}
				# quit if successful or skip or stop
				last if ( $retcode == 0 || $retcode == 2 || $retcode == 3 );
			}
		}
		# stop condition
		last if $retcode == 3;
		# Break out of loop if we have a successful recording for this version and mode
		return 0 if not $retcode;
	}

	if (! $opt->{test}) {
		main::logger "ERROR: Failed $prog->{type}: '$prog->{name} - $prog->{episode} ($prog->{pid})'\n" if $opt->{verbose};
	}
	return 1;
}

# returns 1 on fail, 0 on success
sub mode_ver_download_retry_loop {
	my ( $prog, $hist, $ua, $mode, $version, $version_pid ) = ( @_ );
	my $retries = $opt->{attempts} || 3;
	my $count = 0;
	my $retcode;

	# Retry loop
	for ($count = 1; $count <= $retries; $count++) {
		main::logger "INFO: Trying '$mode' mode: attempt $count / $retries\n" if $opt->{verbose};

		$retcode = $prog->download( $ua, $mode, $version, $version_pid );

		# Exit
		if ( $retcode eq 'abort' ) {
			main::logger "ERROR: Aborting get_iplayer\n";
			exit 1;

		# don't try any more prog versions
		} elsif ( $retcode eq 'stop' ) {
			main::logger "INFO: Skipping all versions of this programme\n";
			return 3;

		# Try Next version
		} elsif ( $retcode eq 'skip' ) {
			main::logger "INFO: Skipping '$version' version\n";
			return 2;

		# Try Next mode
		} elsif ( $retcode eq 'next' ) {
			# break out of this retry loop
			main::logger "INFO: Skipping '$mode' mode\n";
			last;

		# Success
		} elsif ( $retcode eq '0' ) {
			# metadata
			if ( $opt->{metadata} ) {
				$prog->create_dir();
				$prog->create_metadata_file();
			}
			# thumbnail
			if ( $opt->{thumb} ) {
				$prog->create_dir();
				$prog->download_thumbnail();
			}
			# cuesheet/tracklist
			my $tracklist_found = -f $prog->{tracklist};
			if ( $opt->{cuesheet} || $opt->{tracklist} ) {
				$prog->create_dir();
				$prog->download_tracklist();
			}
			# credits
			if ( $opt->{credits} ) {
				$prog->create_dir();
				$prog->download_credits();
			}
			# Add to history and tag file
			if ( ! $opt->{nowrite} ) {
				$hist->add( $prog );
				$prog->tag_file if ! $opt->{notag} && ! $opt->{raw};
			}
			# remove tracklist if not required
			unlink( $prog->{tracklist} ) if ! $tracklist_found && $opt->{cuesheet} && ! $opt->{tracklist};
			# Get subtitles if they exist and are required and media download succeeded
			if ( $opt->{subtitles} && $prog->{type} eq 'tv' && ( ! $opt->{subsembed} || $opt->{raw} ) ) {
				unless ( $prog->download_subtitles( $ua, $prog->{subspart}, [ $version ] ) ) {
					# Rename the subtitle file accordingly if the stream get was successful
					move($prog->{subspart}, $prog->{subsfile}) if -f $prog->{subspart};
				}
			}
			# Run post-record command if a stream was written
			my $command = $opt->{"command".$prog->{type}} || $opt->{command};
			if ( $command && ! $opt->{nowrite} ) {
				$prog->run_user_command( $command );
			}
			$prog->report() if $opt->{pvr};
			return 0;

		# Retry this mode
		} elsif ( $retcode eq 'retry' && $count < $retries ) {
			# Try to get stream data for this version/mode - retries require new auth data
			$prog->{streams}->{$version} = $prog->get_stream_data( $version_pid, undef, $version );
			if ( keys %{ $prog->{streams}->{$version} } == 0 ) {
				main::logger "WARNING: No streams available for '$version' version ($prog->{verpids}->{$version}) - skipping (retry)\n";
				if ( $prog->{geoblocked}->{$version} ) {
					main::logger "WARNING: The BBC blocked access to this programme because it determined that you are outside the UK. (retry)\n";
				} elsif ( $prog->{unavailable}->{$version} ) {
					main::logger "WARNING: The BBC lists this programme as unavailable - check the iPlayer or Sounds site (retry)\n";
				}
				return 2;
			}
			main::logger "WARNING: Retrying $prog->{type}: '$prog->{name} - $prog->{episode} ($prog->{pid}) [$version]'\n";
		}
	}
	return 1;
}

# Send a message to STDOUT so that cron can use this to email
sub report {
	my $prog = shift;
	binmode(STDOUT, ":encoding($opt->{encodingconsoleout})");
	print STDOUT "New $prog->{type} programme: '$prog->{name} - $prog->{episode}', '$prog->{desc}'\n";
	return 0;
}

# add metadata tags to file
sub tag_file {
	my $prog = shift;
	if ( $opt->{tagonly} ) {
		if ( $opt->{tagonlyfilename} ) {
			$prog->{filename} = main::encode_fs($opt->{tagonlyfilename});
			(undef, undef, $prog->{ext}) = fileparse($prog->{filename}, qr/\.[^.]*/);
			$prog->{ext} =~ s/^\.//;
		}
		elsif ( $prog->{filename} =~ /\.EXT$/ ) {
			for my $ext ( 'mp4', 'm4a' ) {
				(my $filename = $prog->{filename}) =~ s/\.EXT$/\.$ext/;
				if ( -f $filename ) {
					$prog->{filename} = $filename;
					$prog->{ext} = $ext;
					last;
				}
			}
		}
		if ( ! -f $prog->{filename} ) {
			main::logger "WARNING: Cannot tag missing file: $prog->{filename}\n";
			return;
		}
	}
	# return if file does not exist
	return if ! -f $prog->{filename};
	# tag programme
	Tagger->tag_prog($prog);
}

# Create a metadata file if required
sub create_metadata_file {
	my $prog = shift;
	my $template;
	my $filename;

	# Generic XML template for all info
	$filename->{generic} = File::Spec->catfile($prog->{dir}, "$prog->{fileprefix}.xml");
	$template->{generic}  = '<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>'."\n";
	$template->{generic} .= '<program_meta_data xmlns="http://linuxcentre.net/xmlstuff/get_iplayer" revision="1">'."\n";
	my $version = $prog->{version} || 'unknown';
	for my $key ( sort keys %{$prog} ) {
		next if $key eq "versions";
		my $subst = "[$key]";
		my $value = $prog->{$key};
		next if ( ref$value eq 'HASH' );
		$template->{generic} .= "\t<$key>$subst</$key>\n";
	}
	$template->{generic} .= "</program_meta_data>\n";
	# JSON template for all info (ignored)
	$filename->{json} = File::Spec->catfile($prog->{dir}, "$prog->{fileprefix}.json");
	$template->{json} = '';

	return if ! -d $prog->{dir};
	if ( not defined $template->{ $opt->{metadata} } ) {
		main::logger "WARNING: metadata type '$opt->{metadata}' is not valid - must be one of: ".(join ',', keys %{$template} )."\n";
		return;
	}

	# Don't recreate metadata file if the file already exists
	if ( -f $filename->{ $opt->{metadata} } && ! $opt->{overwrite} ) {
		main::logger "INFO: Metadata file already exists: $filename->{ $opt->{metadata} }\n";
		main::logger "INFO: Use --overwrite to re-download\n";
		return 0;
	}

	main::logger "INFO: Writing metadata\n";

	my $text;
	if ( $opt->{metadata} eq "json" ) {
		my $jom = $prog->json_metadata();
		eval {
			$text = JSON::PP->new->pretty->canonical->encode($jom);
		};
		if ( $@ ) {
			main::logger "ERROR: JSON metadata encoding failed: $!\n";
			return;
		}
	} else {
		$text = $prog->substitute( $template->{ $opt->{metadata} }, 3, '\[', '\]' );
		# Strip out unsubstituted tags
		$text =~ s/<.+?>\[.+?\]<.+?>[\s\n\r]*//g;
	}
	if ( open(META, "> $filename->{ $opt->{metadata} }") ) {
		print META $text;
		close META;
	} else {
		main::logger "ERROR: Couldn't write to metadata file: $filename->{ $opt->{metadata} }\n";
		main::logger "ERROR: Use --metadata-only to retry\n";
	}
}

sub json_metadata {
	my ( $self ) = ( @_ );
	my $version = $self->{version} || 'unknown';
	# Make 'duration' == 'length' for the selected version
	$self->{duration} = $self->{durations}->{$version} if $self->{durations}->{$version};
	$self->{runtime} = int($self->{duration} / 60);
	my $jom = {};
	for my $key ( sort keys %{$self} ) {
		next if $key eq "versions";
		my $value = $self->{$key};
		next if ( ref$value eq 'HASH' );
		# Join array elements if value is ARRAY type
		if ( ref$value eq 'ARRAY' ) {
			$value = join ',', @{ $value };
		}
		if ( $self->is_path_key($key) ) {
			$value = main::decode_fs($value);
		}
		$value = '' if not defined $value;
		if ( $key =~ /^(expires|timeadded)$/ ) {
			$value = strftime('%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S+00:00', gmtime($value));
		}
		$value = '' if $value eq '-' && $key =~ /episode/i;
		$jom->{$key} = $value;
	}
	return $jom;
}

# Usage: print $prog{$pid}->substitute('<name>-<pid>-<episode>', [mode], [begin regex tag], [end regex tag]);
# Return a string with formatting fields substituted for a given pid
# sanitize_mode == 0 then sanitize final string and also sanitize '/' in field values
# sanitize_mode == 1 then sanitize final string but don't sanitize '/' (and '\' on Windows) in field values
# sanitize_mode == 2 then just substitute only
# sanitize_mode == 3 then substitute then use encode entities for fields only
# sanitize_mode == 4 then substitute then escape characters in fields only for use in double-quoted shell text.
#
# Also if it find a HASH type then the $prog->{<version>} element is searched and used
# Likewise, if a ARRAY type is found, elements are joined with commas
sub substitute {
	my ( $self, $string, $sanitize_mode, $tag_begin, $tag_end ) = ( @_ );
	$sanitize_mode = 0 if not defined $sanitize_mode;
	$tag_begin = '\<' if not defined $tag_begin;
	$tag_end = '\>' if not defined $tag_end;
	my $version = $self->{version} || 'unknown';
	my $replace = '';

	# Make 'duration' == 'length' for the selected version
	$self->{duration} = $self->{durations}->{$version} if $self->{durations}->{$version};
	$self->{runtime} = int($self->{duration} / 60);

	# Tokenize and substitute $format
	for my $key ( keys %{$self} ) {

		my $value = $self->{$key};

		# Get version specific value if this key is a hash
		if ( ref$value eq 'HASH' ) {
			if ( ref$value->{$version} ne 'HASH' ) {
				$value = $value->{$version};
			} else {
				next;
			}
		}

		# Join array elements if value is ARRAY type
		if ( ref$value eq 'ARRAY' ) {
			$value = join ',', @{ $value };
		}

		if ( $self->is_path_key($key) ) {
			$value = main::decode_fs($value);
		}

		$value = '' if not defined $value;
		main::logger "DEBUG: Substitute ($version): '$key' => '$value'\n" if $opt->{debug};
		# Remove/replace all non-nice-filename chars if required
		# Keep '/' (and '\' on Windows) if $sanitize_mode == 1
		if ($sanitize_mode == 0 || $sanitize_mode == 1) {
			$replace = StringUtils::sanitize_path( $value, $sanitize_mode );
		# html entity encode
		} elsif ($sanitize_mode == 3) {
			$replace = encode_entities( $value, '&<>"\'' );
			if ( $key =~ /^(expires|timeadded)$/ ) {
				$replace = strftime('%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S+00:00', gmtime($replace));
			}
		# escape these chars: ! ` \ "
		} elsif ($sanitize_mode == 4) {
			# Don't escape file paths
			if ( $self->is_path_key($key) ) {
				$replace = $value;
			} else {
				#$replace =~ s/([\!"\\`])/\\$1/g;
				$replace = main::escape_arg($value);
			}
		} else {
			$replace = $value;
		}
		# special handling for <episode*>
		$replace = '' if $replace eq '-' && $key =~ /episode/i;
		# look for prefix in tag
		my $pfx_key = $tag_begin.'([^A-Za-z0-9]*?)(0*?)'.$key.'([^A-Za-z0-9'.$tag_end.']*?)'.$tag_end;
		my ($prefix, $pad, $suffix) = $string =~ m/$pfx_key/;
		if ( $replace =~ m/^\d+$/ && length($pad) > length($replace) ) {
			$replace = substr($pad.$replace, -length($pad))
		}
		$pfx_key = $tag_begin."\Q$prefix$pad\E".$key."\Q$suffix\E".$tag_end;
		$prefix = '' if ! $replace;
		$suffix = '' if ! $replace;
		$string =~ s|$pfx_key|$prefix$replace$suffix|gi;
	}

	if ( $sanitize_mode == 0 || $sanitize_mode == 1 ) {
		# Remove unused tags
		my $key = $tag_begin.'.*?'.$tag_end;
		$string =~ s|$key||mg;
		# Replace whitespace with _ unless --whitespace
		$string =~ s/\s/_/g unless $opt->{whitespace};
	}
	return $string;
}

sub is_path_key {
	my ($prog, $key) = @_;
	return $key =~ /(filename|filepart|thumbfile|tracklist|credits|cuesheet|subsfile|subspart|subsraw|^dir|rawvideo|rawaudio|fileprefix)/;
}

# Determine the correct filenames for a recording
# Sets the various filenames and creates appropriate directories
# Gets more programme metadata if the prog name does not exist
#
# Uses:
#	$opt->{fileprefix}
#	$opt->{subdir}
#	$opt->{whitespace}
#	$opt->{test}
# Requires:
#	$prog->{dir}
# Sets:
#	$prog->{fileprefix}
#	$prog->{filename}
#	$prog->{filepart}
# Returns 0 on success, 1 on failure (i.e. if the <filename> already exists)
#
sub generate_filenames {
	my ($prog, $ua, $format, $mode, $version) = (@_);

	# Get and set more meta data - Set the %prog values from metadata if they aren't already set (i.e. with --pid option)
	if ( ! $prog->{name} ) {
		if ( $prog->get_metadata( $ua ) ) {
			main::logger "ERROR: Could not get programme metadata\n" if $opt->{verbose};
			return 1;
		}
		$prog->get_metadata_general();
	}

	# get $name, $episode from title
	my ( $name, $episode ) = Programme::bbciplayer::split_title( $prog->{title} ) if $prog->{title};
	$prog->{name} = $name if $name && ! $prog->{name};
	$prog->{episode} = $episode if $episode && ! $prog->{episode};

	# store the name extracted from the title metadata in <longname> else just use the <name> field
	$prog->{longname} = $prog->{name} || $name;

	# Set some common metadata fallbacks
	$prog->{nameshort} = $prog->{name} if ! $prog->{nameshort};
	$prog->{episodeshort} = $prog->{episode} if ! $prog->{episodeshort};

	# Create descmedium, descshort by truncation of desc if they don't already exist
	$prog->{desclong} = $prog->{desc} if ! $prog->{desclong};
	$prog->{descmedium} = substr( $prog->{desc}, 0, 1024 ) if ! $prog->{descmedium};
	$prog->{descshort} = substr( $prog->{desc}, 0, 255 ) if ! $prog->{descshort};

	# Determine directory and find its absolute path
	$prog->{dir} = File::Spec->rel2abs( main::encode_fs( $opt->{ 'output'.$prog->{type} } || $opt->{output} || main::decode_cl($ENV{GETIPLAYER_OUTPUT}) ) || '.' );
	# Create a subdir for programme
	if ( $opt->{subdir} ) {
		my $subdir = main::encode_fs($prog->substitute( $opt->{subdirformat} || '<longname>' ));
		$prog->{dir} = File::Spec->catdir($prog->{dir}, $subdir);
		main::logger("INFO: Creating subdirectory $prog->{dir} for programme\n") if $opt->{verbose};
	}

	$prog->{fileprefix} = $opt->{fileprefix} || $format;
	# substitute fields and sanitize $prog->{fileprefix}
	main::logger "DEBUG: Substituted '$prog->{fileprefix}' as " if $opt->{debug};
	# Don't allow <mode> in fileprefix as it can break when resumes fallback on differently numbered modes of the same type change for <modeshort>
	$prog->{fileprefix} =~ s/<mode>/<modeshort>/g;
	$prog->{fileprefix} = main::encode_fs($prog->substitute( $prog->{fileprefix} ));
	# Truncate filename to 240 chars (allows for extra stuff to keep it under system 256 limit)
	# limitprefixlength allows this to be shortened
	unless ( $opt->{limitprefixlength} ) {
		$opt->{limitprefixlength} = 240;
	}
	$prog->{fileprefix} = substr( $prog->{fileprefix}, 0, $opt->{limitprefixlength} );
	main::logger "'$prog->{fileprefix}'\n" if $opt->{debug};

	# Get extension from streamdata if defined and raw not specified
	$prog->{ext} = $prog->{streams}->{$version}->{$mode}->{ext};
	$prog->{ext} = "m4a" if $prog->{type} eq "tv" && $opt->{audioonly};
	# Use a dummy file ext if one isn't set - helps with readability of metadata
	$prog->{ext} = 'EXT' if ! $prog->{ext};
	# output files with --raw
	if ( $opt->{raw} && $mode ) {
		if ( $mode =~ /^hls/ ) {
			$prog->{ext} = "ts";
		} elsif ( $mode =~ /^dash/ && $prog->{type} eq "radio" ) {
			$prog->{ext} = "raw.m4a";
		} elsif ( $mode =~ /^dash/ && $prog->{type} eq "tv" ) {
			$prog->{rawaudio} = File::Spec->catfile($prog->{dir}, "$prog->{fileprefix}.raw.m4a");
			$prog->{rawvideo} = File::Spec->catfile($prog->{dir}, "$prog->{fileprefix}.raw.m4v");
		}
	}
	# output files with --mpeg-ts
	if ( $opt->{mpegts} ) {
			$prog->{ext} = "ts";
	}

	# force filename with --tag-only-filename
	if ( $opt->{tagonly} && $opt->{tagonlyfilename} ) {
		$prog->{filename} = main::encode_fs($opt->{tagonlyfilename});
	}
	# Special case for history/tag-only mode, parse the fileprefix and dir from filename if it is already defined
	if ( ( $opt->{history} || $opt->{tagonly} ) && defined $prog->{filename} && $prog->{filename} ne '' ) {
		( $prog->{fileprefix}, $prog->{dir}, $prog->{ext} ) = fileparse($prog->{filename}, qr/\.[^.]*/);
		# Fix up file path components
		$prog->{dir} = File::Spec->canonpath($prog->{dir});
		$prog->{ext} =~ s/\.//;
	}

	if ( ! $opt->{nowrite} ) {
		main::logger("INFO: File name prefix = $prog->{fileprefix}\n") if $opt->{verbose};
	}

	# set final/partial file names
	$prog->{filename} = File::Spec->catfile($prog->{dir}, "$prog->{fileprefix}.$prog->{ext}") unless $prog->{filename};
	$prog->{filepart} = File::Spec->catfile($prog->{dir}, "$prog->{fileprefix}.partial.$prog->{ext}") unless $prog->{filepart};

	# Determine thumbnail filename
	if ( $prog->{thumbnail} =~ /^http/i ) {
		my $ext;
		$ext = $1 if $prog->{thumbnail} =~ m{\.(\w+)$};
		$ext = $opt->{thumbext} || $ext;
		$prog->{thumbfile} = File::Spec->catfile($prog->{dir}, "$prog->{fileprefix}.${ext}") ;
	}

	# Determine cue sheet filename
	$prog->{cuesheet} = File::Spec->catfile($prog->{dir}, "$prog->{fileprefix}.cue") ;
	# Determine tracklist filename
	$prog->{tracklist} = File::Spec->catfile($prog->{dir}, "$prog->{fileprefix}.tracks.txt") ;
	# Determine credits filename
	$prog->{credits} = File::Spec->catfile($prog->{dir}, "$prog->{fileprefix}.credits.txt") ;

	# Determine subtitle filenames
	if ( $prog->{type} eq "tv" ) {
		$prog->{subsraw} = File::Spec->catfile($prog->{dir}, "$prog->{fileprefix}.ttml");
		$prog->{subspart} = File::Spec->catfile($prog->{dir}, "$prog->{fileprefix}.partial.srt");
		$prog->{subsfile} = File::Spec->catfile($prog->{dir}, "$prog->{fileprefix}.srt");
	}

	# overwrite/error if the file already exists and is going to be written to
	my $min_download_size = main::progclass($prog->{type})->min_download_size();
	if (
		( ! $opt->{nowrite} )
		&& ( ! $opt->{metadataonly} )
		&& ( ! $opt->{thumbonly} )
		&& ( ! $opt->{cuesheetonly} )
		&& ( ! $opt->{tracklistonly} )
		&& ( ! $opt->{creditsonly} )
		&& ( ! $opt->{subsonly} )
		&& ( ! $opt->{tagonly} )
		&& ( ! $opt->{info} )
	) {
		my @check_olds = ( 0 );
		my $file_prefix_format = $opt->{fileprefix} || $format;
		if ( $file_prefix_format =~ /<episode>/ && $prog->{episode} =~ /^0\d[a-z]?\.\s/ ) {
			push @check_olds, 1
		}
		my $skip;
		for my $check_old ( @check_olds ) {
			my $media_type = $prog->{type} eq "tv" ? "video" : "audio";
			my $prog_file = $prog->{filename};
			my $media_raw = $prog->{filename};
			my $audio_raw = $prog->{rawaudio};
			my $video_raw = $prog->{rawvideo};
			if ( $check_old ) {
				my $ep_new = StringUtils::sanitize_path( $prog->{episode} );
				my $ep_old = substr($ep_new, 1);
				$ep_new =~ s/(\W)/\\$1/g;
				$prog_file =~ s/$ep_new/$ep_old/g;
				$media_raw =~ s/$ep_new/$ep_old/g;
				$audio_raw =~ s/$ep_new/$ep_old/g;
				$video_raw =~ s/$ep_new/$ep_old/g;
			}
			if ( $opt->{raw} && $mode ) {
				if ( $opt->{overwrite} ) {
					if ( $mode =~ /dvf/ ) {
						unlink ( $audio_raw, $video_raw ) unless $opt->{test};
					} else {
						unlink ( $media_raw ) unless $opt->{test};
					}
				} else {
					if ( $mode =~ /dvf/ ) {
						if ( -f $audio_raw ) {
							main::logger "WARNING: Raw audio file already exists: $audio_raw\n";
							$skip = 1;
						}
						if ( -f $video_raw ) {
							main::logger "WARNING: Raw video file already exists: $video_raw\n";
							$skip = 1;
						}
					} elsif ( -f $media_raw ) {
						main::logger "WARNING: Raw $media_type file already exists: $media_raw\n";
						$skip = 1;
					}
				}
			} elsif ( -f $prog_file && stat($prog_file)->size > $min_download_size ) {
				if ( $opt->{overwrite} ) {
					unlink $prog_file unless $opt->{test};
				} else {
					main::logger("WARNING: File already exists: $prog_file\n");
					$skip = 1;
				}
			}
		}
		if ( $skip ) {
			main::logger "WARNING: Use --overwrite to replace\n";
			return 3;
		}
	}

	if ( $opt->{debug} ) {
		main::logger "DEBUG: Directory:          $prog->{dir}\n";
		main::logger "DEBUG: File prefix:        $prog->{fileprefix}\n";
		main::logger "DEBUG: File ext:           $prog->{ext}\n";
		main::logger "DEBUG: Partial Filename:   $prog->{filepart}\n";
		main::logger "DEBUG: Final Filename:     $prog->{filename}\n";
		main::logger "DEBUG: Thumbnail:          $prog->{thumbfile}\n";
		main::logger "DEBUG: Tracklist:          $prog->{tracklist}\n";
		main::logger "DEBUG: Credits:            $prog->{credits}\n";
		main::logger "DEBUG: Cuesheet:           $prog->{cuesheet}\n";
		main::logger "DEBUG: Partial Subtitles:  $prog->{subspart}\n";
		main::logger "DEBUG: Final Subtitles:    $prog->{subsfile}\n";
		main::logger "DEBUG: Raw Subtitles:      $prog->{subsraw}\n";
		main::logger "DEBUG: Raw Video:          $prog->{rawvideo}\n";
		main::logger "DEBUG: Raw Audio:          $prog->{rawaudio}\n";
		main::logger "DEBUG: Raw Mode:           $opt->{raw}\n";
	}

	# Check path length is < 256 chars (Windows only)
	if ( length( $prog->{filepart} ) > 255 && IS_WIN32 ) {
		main::logger("ERROR: Generated file path is too long, please use --fileprefix, --subdir-format, --subdir and --output options to shorten it to below 256 characters\n");
		main::logger("ERROR: Generated file path: $prog->{filepart}\n");
		return 1;
	}
	return 0;
}

# Run a user specified command
# e.g. --command 'echo "<pid> <name> recorded"'
# run_user_command($pid, 'echo "<pid> <name> recorded"');
sub run_user_command {
	my $prog = shift;
	my $command = shift;

	# Substitute the fields for the PID (and sanitize for double-quoted shell use)
	$command = $prog->substitute( $command, 4 );

	# run command
	main::logger "INFO: Running user command\n";
	main::logger "INFO: Running command '$command'\n" if $opt->{verbose};
	my $exit_value = main::run_cmd( 'normal', $command );

	main::logger "ERROR: Command Exit Code: $exit_value\n" if $exit_value;
	main::logger "INFO: Command succeeded\n" if $opt->{verbose} && ! $exit_value;
				return 0;
}

# %type
# Display a line containing programme info (using long, terse, and type options)
sub list_entry {
	my ( $prog, $prefix, $tree, $number_of_types, $episode_count, $episode_width ) = ( @_ );

	my $prog_type = '';
	# Show the type field if >1 type has been specified
	$prog_type = "$prog->{type}, " if $number_of_types > 1;
	my $name;
	# If tree view
	if ( $opt->{tree} ) {
		$prefix = '  '.$prefix;
		$name = '';
	} else {
		$name = "$prog->{name} - ";
	}

	main::logger "\n${prog_type}$prog->{name}\n" if $opt->{tree} && ! $tree;
	# Display based on output options
	if ( $opt->{listformat} ) {
		# Slow. Needs to be faster e.g:
		#main::logger 'ENTRY'."$prog->{index}|$prog->{thumbnail}|$prog->{pid}|$prog->{available}|$prog->{type}|$prog->{name}|$prog->{episode}|$prog->{versions}|$prog->{duration}|$prog->{desc}|$prog->{channel}|$prog->{categories}|$prog->{timeadded}|$prog->{guidance}|$prog->{web}|$prog->{filename}|$prog->{mode}\n";
		main::logger $prefix.$prog->substitute( $opt->{listformat}, 2 )."\n";
	} elsif ( $opt->{series} && $episode_width && $episode_count && ! $opt->{tree} ) {
		main::logger sprintf( "%s%-${episode_width}s %5s %s\n", $prefix, $prog->{name}, "($episode_count)", $prog->{categories} );
	} elsif ( $opt->{long} ) {
		my $now = time();
		my @time = gmtime( $now - $prog->{timeadded} );
		my $expires;
		if ( $prog->{type} =~ /^(tv|radio)$/ ) {
			if ( $prog->{expires} && $prog->{expires} > $now ) {
				my @t = gmtime( $prog->{expires} - $now );
				my $years = ($t[5]-70)." years " if ($t[5]-70) > 0;
				$expires = ", expires in ${years}$t[7] days $t[2] hours";
			}
		}
		main::logger "${prefix}$prog->{index}:\t${prog_type}${name}$prog->{episode}".$prog->optional_list_entry_format.", added $time[7] days $time[2] hours ago${expires} - $prog->{desc}\n";
	} elsif ( $opt->{terse} ) {
		main::logger "${prefix}$prog->{index}:\t${prog_type}${name}$prog->{episode}\n";
	} else {
		main::logger "${prefix}$prog->{index}:\t${prog_type}${name}$prog->{episode}".$prog->optional_list_entry_format."\n";
	}
	return 0;
}

# Get time ago made available (x days y hours ago) from '2008-06-22T05:01:49Z' and specified epoch time
# Or, Get time in epoch from '2008-06-22T05:01:49Z' or '2008-06-22T05:01:49[+-]NN:NN' if no specified epoch time
sub get_time_string {
	$_ = shift;
	my $diff = shift;

	# suppress warnings for > 32-bit dates in obsolete Perl versions
	local $SIG{__WARN__} = sub {
			warn @_ unless $_[0] =~ m(^.* too (?:big|small));
	};
	# extract $year $mon $mday $hour $min $sec $tzhour $tzmin
	my ($year, $mon, $mday, $hour, $min, $sec, $tzhour, $tzmin);
	if ( m{(\d\d\d\d)\-(\d\d)\-(\d\d)T(\d\d):(\d\d):(\d\d)} ) {
		($year, $mon, $mday, $hour, $min, $sec) = ($1, $2, $3, $4, $5, $6);
	} else {
		return '';
	}

	# positive TZ offset
	($tzhour, $tzmin) = ($1, $2) if m{\d\d\d\d\-\d\d\-\d\dT\d\d:\d\d:\d\d\+(\d\d):(\d\d)};
	# negative TZ offset
	($tzhour, $tzmin) = ($1*-1, $2*-1) if m{\d\d\d\d\-\d\d\-\d\dT\d\d:\d\d:\d\d\-(\d\d):(\d\d)};
	# ending in 'Z'
	($tzhour, $tzmin) = (0, 0) if m{\d\d\d\d\-\d\d\-\d\dT\d\d:\d\d:\d\dZ};

	# main::logger "DEBUG: $_ = $year, $mon, $mday, $hour, $min, $sec, $tzhour, $tzmin\n" if $opt->{debug};
	# Sanity check date data
	return '' if $year < 1970 || $mon < 1 || $mon > 12 || $mday < 1 || $mday > 31 || $hour < 0 || $hour > 24 || $min < 0 || $min > 59 || $sec < 0 || $sec > 59 || $tzhour < -13 || $tzhour > 13 || $tzmin < -59 || $tzmin > 59;
	# Calculate the seconds difference between epoch_now and epoch_datestring and convert back into array_time
	my $epoch = eval { timegm($sec, $min, $hour, $mday, ($mon-1), ($year-1900), undef, undef, 0) - $tzhour*60*60 - $tzmin*60; };
	# ensure safe 32-bit date if timegm croaks
	if ( $@ ) { $epoch = timegm(0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 138, undef, undef, 0) - $tzhour*60*60 - $tzmin*60; };
	my $rtn;
	if ( $diff ) {
		# Return time ago
		if ( $epoch < $diff ) {
			my @time = gmtime( $diff - $epoch );
			# The time() func gives secs since 1970, gmtime is since 1900
			my $years = $time[5] - 70;
			$rtn = "$years years " if $years;
			$rtn .= "$time[7] days $time[2] hours ago";
			return $rtn;
		# Return time to go
		} elsif ( $epoch > $diff ) {
			my @time = gmtime( $epoch - $diff );
			my $years = $time[5] - 70;
			$rtn = 'in ';
			$rtn .= "$years years " if $years;
			$rtn .= "$time[7] days $time[2] hours";
			return $rtn;
		# Return 'Now'
		} else {
			return "now";
		}
	# Return time in epoch
	} else {
		# Calculate the seconds difference between epoch_now and epoch_datestring and convert back into array_time
		return $epoch;
	}
}

sub download_thumbnail {
	my $prog = shift;
	my $file;
	my $ext;
	my $image;
	if ( $prog->{thumbnail} =~ /^http/i && $prog->{thumbfile} ) {
		$file = $prog->{thumbfile};
		# Don't redownload thumbnail if the file already exists
		if ( -f $file && ! $opt->{overwrite} ) {
			main::logger "INFO: Thumbnail file already exists: $file\n";
			main::logger "INFO: Use --overwrite to re-download\n";
			return 0;
		}
		main::logger "INFO: Downloading thumbnail\n" if $opt->{thumb} || $opt->{verbose};
		# Download thumb
		$image = main::request_url_retry( main::create_ua( 'desktop', 1 ), $prog->{thumbnail}, 3);
		if (! $image ) {
			main::logger "ERROR: Thumbnail download failed\n";
			main::logger "ERROR: Use --thumbnail-only to re-download\n";
			return 1;
		}
	} else {
		# Return if we have no url
		main::logger "INFO: Thumbnail not available\n";
		return 2;
	}
	# Write to file
	unlink($file);
	open( my $fh, ">:raw", $file );
	binmode $fh;
	print $fh $image;
	close $fh;
	return 0;
}

sub download_tracklist {
	my $prog = shift;
	my ($times_trk, $durations_trk, $times_cue, $durations_cue);
	my @trk;
	my @cue;
	my $do_cue = $opt->{cuesheet} && $prog->{type} eq "radio";
	my $file_trk = $prog->{tracklist};
	if ( $opt->{tracklist} || $opt->{tag_tracklist} ) {
		if ( -f $file_trk && ! $opt->{overwrite} ) {
			main::logger "INFO: Track list already exists: $file_trk\n";
			main::logger "INFO: Use --overwrite and --tracklist-only to re-download\n";
			return 0;
		}
	}
	my $file_cue = $prog->{cuesheet};
	if ( $do_cue ) {
		if ( -f $file_cue && ! $opt->{overwrite} ) {
			main::logger "INFO: Cue sheet already exists: $file_cue\n";
			main::logger "INFO: Use --overwrite and --cuesheet-only to re-download\n";
			return 0;
		}
	}
	main::logger "INFO: Downloading track data\n" if $do_cue || $opt->{tracklist} || $opt->{verbose};
	my $ua = main::create_ua( 'desktop', 1 );
	my $url2 = "https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/$prog->{pid}/segments.json";
	my ($json, $res2) = main::request_url_retry($ua , $url2, 3, undef, undef, undef, undef, 1);
	unless ( $res2 && $res2->is_success ) {
		if ( $res2 && $res2->code == 404 ) {
			main::logger "WARNING: Track times not found\n";
		} else {
			main::logger "WARNING: Track times download failed\n";
		}
		undef $json;
	}
	unless ( $json =~ /\w/ ) {
		main::logger "WARNING: Track times not defined\n";
		return 1;
	}
	my $jom = eval { decode_json($json) };
	undef $jom if ( $@ );
	unless ( $jom && @{$jom->{segment_events}} ) {
		main::logger "WARNING: Track times invalid\n";
		return 1;
	}
	my $tracknum = 0;
	my $start = $opt->{mysubstart} > 0 ? $opt->{mysubstart}/1000 : 0;
	my $stop = $opt->{mysubstop} > 0 ? $opt->{mysubstop}/1000 : 0;
	my $elapsed;
	my $filename_cue;
	my $name = $prog->{name};
	my $episode = $prog->{episode} eq "-" ? $prog->{name} : $prog->{episode};
	my $date = $prog->{firstbcastdate};
	my $info = $prog->{player} || $prog->{web} || $prog->{pid};
	my $categories = $prog->{categories} || $prog->{category};
	for my $sei ( 0..$#{$jom->{segment_events}} ) {
		my ($time_trk, $duration_trk, $time_cue, $duration_cue);
		my $se = @{$jom->{segment_events}}[$sei];
		my $se_next = @{$jom->{segment_events}}[$sei+1];
		my $segment = $se->{segment};
		my $begin = $se->{version_offset};
		if ( defined($begin) ) {
			$begin += $opt->{cuesheetoffset};
			my $begin_next = $se_next->{version_offset};
			$begin_next += $opt->{cuesheetoffset};
			$duration_cue = $begin_next - $begin if $begin_next > $begin;
			my $end = $begin + $duration_cue;
			unless ( ( $stop > 0 && $begin > $stop ) || ( $start > 0 && $end < $start ) ) {
				$begin = $start if ( $start > 0 && $begin < $start );
				$end = $stop if ( $stop > 0 && $end > $stop );
				if ( $begin >= $start ) {
					$time_cue = $begin - $start;
					$time_trk = sprintf("%02d:%02d:%02d", (gmtime($time_cue))[2,1,0]);
				}
				$duration_trk = sprintf("%02d:%02d:%02d", (gmtime($segment->{duration}))[2,1,0]) if $segment->{duration};
 			}
		}
		my $artist = $segment->{artist} || $segment->{primary_contributor}->{name};
		my $title = $segment->{title} || $segment->{track_title};
		if ( !@trk ) {
			push @trk, $name;
			push @trk, $episode;
			push @trk, $date if $date;
			push @trk, $info if $info;
			push @trk, $categories if $categories;
		}
		push @trk, "--------";
		push @trk, $time_trk if defined($time_trk);
		push @trk, $artist if $artist;
		push @trk, $title if $title;
		my @other;
		for my $contrib ( @{$segment->{contributions}} ) {
			next if $contrib->{role} eq "Performer" && $contrib->{name} eq $artist;
			my $other = ( $contrib->{role} ? "$contrib->{role}: " : undef ) . $contrib->{name};
			push @other, $other if $other;
		}
		for my $key ( "release_title", "record_label", "track_number" ) {
			my $val = $segment->{$key};
			if ( $val ) {
				(my $lbl = $key) =~ s/_/ /g;
				$lbl =~ s/\b(\w)/uc($1)/ge;
				push @other, "$lbl: $val";
			}
		}
		push @trk, @other;
		push @trk, "Duration: $duration_trk" if defined($duration_trk);
		if ( $do_cue && defined($time_cue) && ( defined($duration_cue) || $sei == $#{$jom->{segment_events}} ) ) {
			if ( !@cue ) {
				my $filename_rel;
				if ( $opt->{cuesheetonly} ) {
					for my $ext ( ".m4a", ".mp4", ".ts" ) {
						my $fr = "$prog->{fileprefix}${ext}";
						my $fc = File::Spec->catfile($prog->{dir}, $fr);
						if ( -f $fc ) {
							$filename_rel = $fr;
							$filename_cue = $fc;
							last;
						}
					}
					if ( ! $filename_rel ) {
						$filename_rel = "$prog->{fileprefix}.m4a";
						$filename_cue = File::Spec->catfile($prog->{dir}, $filename_rel);;
						main::logger "WARNING: Could not locate media file for cue sheet, using '$filename_cue'\n";
					}
				}
				$filename_rel ||= "$prog->{fileprefix}.$prog->{ext}";
				$filename_cue ||= File::Spec->catfile($prog->{dir}, $filename_rel);;
				for my $item ( $name, $episode ) {
					$item  =~ s/"//g;
				}
				push @cue, "FILE \"${filename_rel}\" WAVE";
				push @cue, "PERFORMER \"${name}\"";
				push @cue, "TITLE \"${episode}\"" if $episode;
				push @cue, "REM Date: ${date}" if $date;
				push @cue, "REM Info: ${info}" if $info;
				push @cue, "REM Categories: ${categories}" if $categories;
			}
			for my $item ( $artist, $title ) {
				$item  =~ s/"//g;
			}
			if ( $time_cue > $elapsed ) {
				my $ts_elapsed = sprintf("%02d:%02d:00", int($elapsed / 60), $elapsed % 60);
				my $duration_break = sprintf("%02d:%02d:%02d", (gmtime($time_cue - $elapsed))[2,1,0]);
				push @cue, sprintf("  TRACK %02d AUDIO", ++$tracknum);
				push @cue, "    INDEX 01 $ts_elapsed";
				push @cue, "    PERFORMER \"${name}\"";
				push @cue, "    TITLE \"${episode}\"";
				push @cue, "    REM Duration: $duration_break";
			}
			my $ts_begin = sprintf("%02d:%02d:00", int($time_cue / 60), $time_cue % 60);
			push @cue, sprintf("  TRACK %02d AUDIO", ++$tracknum);
			push @cue, "    INDEX 01 $ts_begin";
			push @cue, "    PERFORMER \"${artist}\"";
			push @cue, "    TITLE \"${title}\"";
			push @cue, "    REM $_" for @other;
			push @cue, "    REM Duration: $duration_trk" if defined($duration_trk);
			$elapsed = $time_cue + $duration_cue;
		}
	}
	if ( $opt->{tracklist} || $opt->{tag_tracklist} ) {
		if ( @trk ) {
			open( my $fh, "> $file_trk" );
			print $fh $_, "\n" for @trk;
			close $fh;
		} else {
			main::logger "WARNING: Track list not available\n";
			return 1;
		}
	}
	if ( $do_cue ) {
		if ( @cue ) {
			open( my $fh_cue, "> $file_cue" );
			print $fh_cue $_, "\n" for @cue;
			close $fh_cue;
		} else {
			main::logger "WARNING: Cue sheet not available\n";
			return 1;
		}
	}
	return 0;
}

sub download_credits {
	my $prog = shift;
	my $credits;
	my $file = $prog->{credits};
	if ( -f $file && ! $opt->{overwrite} ) {
		main::logger "INFO: Credits file already exists: $file\n";
		main::logger "INFO: Use --overwrite to re-download\n";
		return 0;
	}
	main::logger "INFO: Downloading credits\n" if $opt->{credits} || $opt->{verbose};
	my $ua = main::create_ua( 'desktop', 1 );
	my $url1 = "https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/$prog->{pid}";
	my ($html, $res1) = main::request_url_retry($ua , $url1, 3, undef, undef, undef, undef, 1);
	unless ( $res1 && $res1->is_success ) {
		if ( $res1 && $res1->code == 404 ) {
			main::logger "WARNING: Credits not found\n";
		} else {
			main::logger "WARNING: Credits download failed\n";
		}
		return 1;
	}
	unless ( $html =~ /\w/ ) {
		main::logger "WARNING: Credits not defined\n";
		return 1;
	}
	my $dom = XML::LibXML->load_html(string => $html, recover => 1, suppress_errors => 1);
	my @out;
	my @credits = $dom->findnodes('//div[@id="credits"]//tr');
	if ( @credits ) {
		push @out, $prog->{name};
		push @out, $prog->{episode};
		push @out, $prog->{firstbcastdate} if $prog->{firstbcastdate};
		push @out, $prog->{player} || $prog->{web} || $prog->{pid};
		push @out, "----------";
		for my $credit ( @credits ) {
			my $role = $credit->findvalue('./td[1]');
			my $contributor = $credit->findvalue('./td[2]');
			for my $item ( $role, $contributor ) {
				$item =~ s/(\s){2,}/$1/g;
				$item =~ s/(^\s+|[\s\.]+$)//g;
				$item =~ s/\n+/ /g;
			}
			next unless $role && $contributor;
			push @out, "$role: $contributor"
		}
	}
	if ( @out ) {
		open( my $fh, "> $file" );
		print $fh $_, "\n" for @out;
		close $fh;
	} else {
		main::logger "WARNING: Credits not available\n";
		return 1;
	}
	return 0;
}

sub ffmpeg_init {
	return if $ffmpeg_check;
	$bin->{ffmpeg} = $opt->{ffmpeg} || 'ffmpeg';
	if (! main::exists_in_path('ffmpeg') ) {
		if ( $bin->{ffmpeg} ne 'ffmpeg' ) {
			$bin->{ffmpeg} = 'ffmpeg';
			if (! main::exists_in_path('ffmpeg') ) {
				$ffmpeg_check = 1;
				return;
			}
		} else {
			$ffmpeg_check = 1;
			return;
		}
	}
	# ffmpeg checks
	my ($ffvs, $ffvn);
	my $ff_bin = main::encode_cl($bin->{ffmpeg});
	my $ffout = `"$ff_bin" -version 2>&1`;
	if ( $ffout =~ /ffmpeg version (\S+)/i ) {
		$ffvs = $1;
		if ( $ffvs =~ /^n?(\d+\.\d+)/i ) {
			$ffvn = $1;
			if ( $ffvn >= 3.0 ) {
				$opt->{myffmpeg30} = 1;
				$opt->{myffmpeg25} = 1;
			} elsif ( $ffvn >= 2.5 ) {
				$opt->{myffmpeg25} = 1;
			} elsif ( $ffvn < 1.0 ) {
				$opt->{ffmpegobsolete} = 1 unless defined $opt->{ffmpegobsolete};
			}
		}
	}
	if ( $opt->{verbose} ) {
		main::logger "INFO: ffmpeg version string = ".($ffvs || "not found")."\n";
		main::logger "INFO: ffmpeg version number = ".($ffvn || "unknown")."\n";
	}
	$opt->{myffmpegversion} = $ffvn;
	unless ( $opt->{myffmpegversion} ) {
		if ( $bin->{ffmpeg} =~ /avconv/ || $ffout =~ /avconv/ ) {
			delete $opt->{ffmpegobsolete};
			$opt->{myffmpegav} = 1;
		}
		$opt->{myffmpegxx} = 1;
	}
	# override ffmpeg checks
	if ( $opt->{ffmpegforce} ) {
		$opt->{myffmpeg30} = 1;
		$opt->{myffmpeg25} = 1;
		delete $opt->{myffmpegav};
		delete $opt->{myffmpegxx};
	}
	delete $binopts->{ffmpeg};
	push @{ $binopts->{ffmpeg} }, ();
	if ( ! $opt->{ffmpegobsolete} ) {
		if ( $opt->{quiet} || $opt->{silent} ) {
			push @{ $binopts->{ffmpeg} }, ('-loglevel', 'quiet');
		} elsif ( $opt->{ffmpegloglevel} ) {
			if ( $opt->{ffmpegloglevel} =~ /^(quiet|-8|panic|0|fatal|8|error|16|warning|24|info|32|verbose|40|debug|48|trace|56)$/ ) {
				push @{ $binopts->{ffmpeg} }, ('-loglevel', $opt->{ffmpegloglevel});
			} else {
				main::logger "WARNING: invalid value for --ffmpeg-loglevel ('$opt->{ffmpegloglevel}') - using default\n";
				push @{ $binopts->{ffmpeg} }, ('-loglevel', 'fatal');
			}
		} else {
			push @{ $binopts->{ffmpeg} }, ('-loglevel', 'fatal');
		}
		if ( main::hide_progress() || ! $opt->{verbose} ) {
			push @{ $binopts->{ffmpeg} }, ( '-nostats' );
		} else {
			push @{ $binopts->{ffmpeg} }, ( '-stats' );
		}
	}
	$ffmpeg_check = 1;
	return;
}

################### iPlayer Programme parent class #################
package Programme::bbciplayer;

# Inherit from Programme class
use base 'Programme';
use Env qw[@PATH];
use Fcntl;
use File::Copy;
use File::Path;
use File::stat;
use HTML::Entities;
use HTML::Parser 3.71;
use HTTP::Cookies;
use HTTP::Headers;
use IO::Seekable;
use IO::Socket;
use JSON::PP;
use LWP::ConnCache;
use LWP::UserAgent;
use POSIX qw(mkfifo);
use Storable qw(dclone);
use strict;
use Time::Local;
use URI;
use XML::LibXML 1.91;
use XML::LibXML::XPathContext;
use constant REGEX_PID => qr/^[b-df-hj-np-tv-z0-9]{8,}$/;
use constant DEFAULT_THUMBNAIL => "https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/1920xn/p01tqv8z.png";

sub opt_format {
	return {
		ffmpeg		=> [ 0, "ffmpeg=s", 'External Program', '--ffmpeg <path>', "Location of ffmpeg binary. Assumed to be ffmpeg 3.0 or higher unless --ffmpeg-obsolete is specified."],
		ffmpegobsolete		=> [ 1, "ffmpeg-obsolete|ffmpegobsolete!", 'External Program', '--ffmpeg-obsolete', "Indicates you are using an obsolete version of ffmpeg (<1.0) that may not support certain options. Without this option, MP4 conversion may fail with obsolete versions of ffmpeg."],
		ffmpegforce		=> [ 1, "ffmpeg-force|ffmpegforce!", 'External Program', '--ffmpeg-force', "Bypass version checks and assume ffmpeg is version 3.0 or higher"],
		ffmpegloglevel		=> [ 1, "ffmpeg-loglevel|ffmpegloglevel=s", 'External Program', '--ffmpeg-loglevel <level>', "Set logging level for ffmpeg. Overridden by --quiet and --silent. Default: 'fatal'"],
	};
}

sub pid_ok {
	my $prog = shift;
	return $prog->{pid} =~ REGEX_PID;
}

# extract PID from URL if necessary
sub clean_pid {
	my $prog = shift;
	$prog->{pid} =~ s/(^\s+|\s+$)//g;
	if ( $prog->{pid} =~ m{^https?://} ) {
		my $uri = URI->new($prog->{pid});
		my @pids = grep /${\REGEX_PID}/, $uri->path_segments;
		if ( @pids ) {
			$prog->{pid} = $pids[$#pids];
		}
	}
}

sub parse_versions {
	my $prog = shift;
	my $doc_versions = shift;
	my %found;
	my @versions = sort { @{$a->{types}} <=> @{$b->{types}} } @{$doc_versions};
	for my $ver ( @versions ) {
		next if grep /$ver->{pid}/, values %{$prog->{verpids}};
		my @ver_types = @{$ver->{types}};
		next unless @ver_types;
		my $is_ad = grep /(described|description)/i, @ver_types;
		my $is_sl = grep /sign/i, @ver_types;
		my $is_os = grep /open subtitles/i, @ver_types;
		my @types;
		if ( $is_ad && $is_sl) {
			push @types, "combined";
		} elsif ( $is_ad ) {
			push @types, "audiodescribed";
		} elsif ( $is_sl ) {
			push @types, "signed";
		} elsif ( $is_os ) {
			push @types, "opensubtitles";
		}
		if ( ! @types ) {
			my @other_types = grep !/(described|description|sign|open subtitles)/i, @ver_types;
			if ( @other_types ) {
				@other_types = map {(my $other_type = lc($_)) =~ s/\s+.*$//; $other_type;} @other_types;
				push @types, @other_types;
			}
		}
		if ( @types ) {
			for my $type (@types) {
				if ( $type ) {
					my $version = $type;
					$version .= $found{$type} if ++$found{$type} > 1;
					$prog->{verpids}->{$version} = $ver->{pid};
					$prog->{durations}->{$version} = $ver->{duration};
				}
			}
		}
	}
}

# Return hash of version => verpid given a PID
# and fill in minimal metadata
sub get_verpids {
	my ( $prog, $ua ) = @_;

	my $rc_json = $prog->get_verpids_json( $ua );
	my $rc_html = 1;
	if ( ( ! $prog->{type} || $prog->{type} eq 'tv' ) ) {
		$rc_html = $prog->get_verpids_html( $ua );
	}
	elsif ( $prog->{type} eq 'radio' ) {
		$rc_html = $prog->get_verpids_html_radio( $ua );
	}
	# ensure title info extracted
	$prog->parse_title();
	return 0 if ! $rc_json || ! $rc_html;
	main::logger "WARNING: No programmes are available for this PID with version(s): ".($opt->{versionlist} ? $opt->{versionlist} : 'default').($prog->{versions} ? " (available versions: $prog->{versions})\n" : "\n");
	return 1;
}

# Return hash of version => verpid given a PID
# and fill in minimal metadata
# Uses JSON playlist: https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/<pid>/playlist.json
sub get_verpids_json {
	my ( $prog, $ua ) = @_;
	my $pid = $prog->{pid};
	my $url = "https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/$pid/playlist.json";
	my $version_map = { "default" => "", "audiodescribed" => "ad", "signed" => "sign", "combined" => "" };
	main::logger "INFO: iPlayer metadata URL (JSON) = $url\n" if $opt->{verbose};
	my $json = main::request_url_retry( $ua, $url, 3, undef, undef, undef, undef, 1 );
	if ( $json ) {
		my $doc = eval { decode_json($json) };
		if ( ! $@ ) {
			my $smp = $doc->{defaultAvailableVersion}->{smpConfig};
			$prog->{title} ||= decode_entities($smp->{title});
			$prog->{channel} ||= $smp->{masterBrandName};
			$prog->{descshort} ||= $smp->{summary};
			$prog->{guidance} ||= "Yes" if $prog->{guidance};
			my $recipe = $prog->thumb_url_recipe();
			my $thumbnail = $smp->{holdingImageURL};
			$thumbnail =~ s/\$recipe/$recipe/;
			if ( ! $thumbnail ) {
				$thumbnail = $doc->{holdingImage};
				$thumbnail =~ s/\b\d+x\d+\b/$recipe/;
			}
			if ( $thumbnail ) {
				$thumbnail = "https:".$thumbnail unless $thumbnail =~ /^http/;
				$prog->{thumbnail} = $thumbnail;
			}
			my $kind = $smp->{items}->[0]->{kind};
			if ( $kind eq "radioProgramme" && $prog->{type} ne 'radio') {
				$prog->{type} = 'radio';
			}
			unless ( $prog->{type} ) {
				if ( $kind eq "programme" ) {
					$prog->{type} = 'tv';
				}
			}
			$prog->parse_versions($doc->{allAvailableVersions});
		} else {
			main::logger "WARNING: Could not parse version PID metadata from $url ($@)\n";
		}
	} else {
		main::logger "WARNING: Could not download version PID metadata from $url\n";
	}
	$prog->{versions} = join ',', keys %{ $prog->{verpids} };
	my $version_list = $opt->{versionlist} || $prog->{versions};
	for ( split /,/, $version_list ) {
		if ( $prog->{verpids}->{$_} ) {
			my $episode_url;
			if ( $prog->{type} eq 'tv' ) {
				$episode_url = "https://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/episode/$pid/$version_map->{$_}";
			} elsif ( $prog->{type} eq 'radio' ) {
				$episode_url = "https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/$pid";
			}
			unless ( $prog->{player} ) {
				$prog->{player} = $episode_url if $episode_url;
				last;
			}
		}
	}
	my $found = keys %{ $prog->{verpids} } > 0;
	return 1 if ! $found;
	return 0;
}

sub get_verpids_html_radio {
	my ( $prog, $ua ) = @_;
	my $pid = $prog->{pid};
	my $html;
	my $url = "https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/$pid";
	main::logger "INFO: Sounds metadata URL (HTML) [$version] = $url\n" if $opt->{verbose};
	$html = main::request_url_retry( $ua, $url, 3, undef, undef, undef, undef, 1 );
	if ( ! $html ) {
		main::logger "\nINFO: No metadata retrieved from Sounds site (HTML)\n" if $opt->{verbose};
		return;
	}
	unless ( $prog->{releaseyear} ) {
 		$prog->{releaseyear} = $1 if $html =~ /<div.*?><span.*?>Released On.*?<\/span>.*?(\d{4})<\/div>/i;
	}
}

# Return hash of version => verpid given a PID
# and fill in minimal metadata
# Scrapes HTML from episode page: https://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/episode/<pid>
# Only works for TV programmes
sub get_verpids_html {
	my ( $prog, $ua ) = @_;
	my $pid = $prog->{pid};
	my $version_map = { "default" => "", "audiodescribed" => "ad", "signed" => "sign" };
	for my $version ( "default", "audiodescribed", "signed" ) {
		next if $prog->{verpids}->{$version};
		my $html;
		my $url = "https://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/episode/$pid/$version_map->{$version}";
		main::logger "INFO: iPlayer metadata URL (HTML) [$version] = $url\n" if $opt->{verbose};
		$html = main::request_url_retry( $ua, $url, 3, undef, undef, undef, undef, 1 );
		if ( ! $html ) {
			main::logger "\nINFO: No metadata for '$version' version retrieved from iPlayer site (HTML)\n" if $opt->{verbose};
			next;
		}
		unless ( $prog->{releaseyear} ) {
			$prog->{releaseyear} = $1 if $html =~ /<span.*?>First shown<\/span><span.*?>.*?(\d{4})<\/span>/i;
		}
		my $config = $1 if $html =~ /bind\(\{\s*"player":(.*?)\<\/script\>/s;
		unless ($config) {
			$config = $1 if $html =~ /data-playable='(.*?)'/s;
		}
		unless ($config) {
			$config = $1 if $html =~ /data-playable="(.*?)"/s;
			$config =~ s/&quot;/"/g;
		}
		main::logger "DEBUG: Block (HTML): $config\n" if $opt->{debug};
		my $verpid = $1 if $config =~ /"vpid":"(.*?)"/;
		if ( ! $verpid ) {
			$verpid = $1 if $html =~ /data-media-vpid="(.*?)"/;
		}
		if ( ! $verpid ) {
			main::logger "INFO: '$version' version not found in metadata retrieved from iPlayer site (HTML)\n" if $opt->{verbose};
			next;
		}
		unless ( $prog->{channel} ) {
			$prog->{channel} = $1 if $config =~ /"masterBrandTitle":"(.*?)"/;
		}
		unless ( $prog->{descshort} ) {
			$prog->{descshort} = $1 if $config =~ /"summary":"(.*?)"/;
		}
		unless ( $prog->{guidance} ) {
			my $guidance = $2 if $config =~ /"guidance":(null|"(.*?)")/;
			$prog->{guidance} = "Yes" if $guidance;
		}
		unless ( $prog->{thumbnail} ) {
			my $recipe = $prog->thumb_url_recipe();
			my $thumbnail = $1 if $config =~ /"image":"(.*?)"/;
			if ( $thumbnail ) {
				$thumbnail =~ s/\\\//\//g;
				$thumbnail =~ s/{recipe}/$recipe/;
				$thumbnail = "https:".$thumbnail unless $thumbnail =~ /^http/;
				$prog->{thumbnail} = $thumbnail;
			}
		}
		unless ( $prog->{episodenum} ) {
			$prog->{episodenum} = $1 if $config =~ /"parent_position":(\d+)/;
		}
		unless ( $prog->{title} ) {
			my $title = $1 if $config =~ /"title":"(.*?)"/;
			$title =~ s/\\\//\//g;
			my $subtitle = $1 if $config =~ /"subtitle":"(.*?)"/;
			$subtitle =~ s/\\\//\//g;
			$title .= ": $subtitle" if $subtitle;
			$prog->{title} = decode_entities($title) if $title;
		}
		unless ( $prog->{type} ) {
			$prog->{type} = "tv";
		}
		$prog->{verpids}->{$version} = $verpid;
		$prog->{durations}->{$version} = $1 if $config =~ /"duration":(\d+)/;
	}
	$prog->{versions} = join ',', keys %{ $prog->{verpids} };
	my $version_list = $opt->{versionlist} || $prog->{versions};
	for ( split /,/, $version_list ) {
		if ( $prog->{verpids}->{$_} ) {
			my $episode_url;
			if ( $prog->{type} eq 'tv' ) {
				$episode_url = "https://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/episode/$pid/$version_map->{$_}";
			} elsif ( $prog->{type} eq 'radio' ) {
				$episode_url = "https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/$pid";
			}
			unless ( $prog->{player} ) {
				$prog->{player} = $episode_url if $episode_url;
				last;
			}
		}
	}
	my $found = keys %{ $prog->{verpids} } > 0;
	return 1 if ! $found;
	return 0;
}

sub parse_title {
	my $prog = shift;
	return unless $prog->{title};
	my ( $name, $episode );
	$prog->{title} =~ s/,\s+((Series|Cyfres|Season).+?),/: $1:/;
	$prog->{title} =~ s/,\s+((Episode|Pennod).+?)/: $1/;
	$prog->{title} =~ s/^(.+?),\s+(.+)$/$1: $2/ unless $prog->{title} =~ /: (Series|Cyfres|Season)/;
	$prog->{title} =~ s/^(.+?),\s+(.+)$/$1: $2/ unless $prog->{title} =~ /: (Episode|Pennod)/;
	if ( $prog->{title} =~ m{^(.+?(Series|Cyfres|Season).*?):\s+(.+?)$} ) {
		( $name, $episode ) = ( $1, $2 );
	} elsif ( $prog->{title} =~ m{^(.+):\s+(.+)$} ) {
		( $name, $episode ) = ( $1, $2 );
	} else {
		( $name, $episode ) = ( $prog->{title}, '-' );
	}
	my ($seriesnum, $episodenum);
	# Extract the seriesnum
	my $regex = '(Series|Cyfres|Season)\s+'.main::regex_numbers();
	if ( "$name $episode" =~ m{$regex}i ) {
		$seriesnum = main::convert_words_to_number( $1 );
	}
	# Extract the episode num
	my $regex_1 = '(Episode|Pennod)\s+'.main::regex_numbers();
	my $regex_2 = '^'.main::regex_numbers().'\.\s+';
	if ( "$name $episode" =~ m{$regex_1}i ) {
		$episodenum = main::convert_words_to_number( $1 );
	} elsif ( $episode =~ m{$regex_2}i ) {
		$episodenum = main::convert_words_to_number( $1 );
	}
	# insert episode number in $episode
	$episode = Programme::bbciplayer::insert_episode_number($episode, $episodenum);
	# minimum series number = 1 if episode number != 0
	$seriesnum = 1 if ( $seriesnum == 0 && $episodenum != 0 );
	$prog->{name} ||= $name;
	$prog->{episode} ||= $episode;
	$prog->{seriesnum} ||= $seriesnum;
	$prog->{episodenum} ||= $episodenum;
}

# get full episode metadata given pid and ua. Uses two different urls to get data
sub get_metadata {
	my $prog = shift;
	my $ua = shift;
	my $prog_data_url = "https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/";
	my @ignore_categories = ("Films", "Sign Zone", "Audio Described", "Northern Ireland", "Scotland", "Wales", "England");
	my $recipe = $prog->thumb_url_recipe();
	my ($title, $name, $brand, $series, $episode, $longname, $available, $channel, $expires, $meddesc, $longdesc, $summary, $guidance, $prog_type, $categories, $category, $web, $player, $thumbnail, $seriesnum, $episodenum, $episodepart, $firstbcast );
	# This URL works for tv/radio prog types:
	# https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/{pid}.json
	my $got_metadata;
	my $url = $prog_data_url.$prog->{pid}.".json";
	my $json = main::request_url_retry($ua, $url, 3, '', '');
	if ( $json ) {
		my $dec = eval { decode_json($json) };
		if ( ! $@ ) {
			my $doc = $dec->{programme};
			if ( $doc->{type} eq "episode" || $doc->{type} eq "clip" ) {
				my $parent = $doc->{parent}->{programme};
				my $grandparent = $parent->{parent}->{programme};
				my $greatgrandparent = $grandparent->{parent}->{programme};
				my $pid = $doc->{pid};
				$prog_type = $doc->{media_type};
				$prog_type = 'tv' if $prog_type =~ m{video}s;
				$prog_type = 'radio' if $prog_type eq 'audio';
				$longdesc = $doc->{long_synopsis};
				$meddesc = $doc->{medium_synopsis};
				$summary = $doc->{short_synopsis};
				$channel = $doc->{ownership}->{service}->{title};
				my $parent_image_pid = $doc->{parent}->{programme}->{image}->{pid};
				if ( $opt->{thumbseries} && $parent_image_pid ) {
					# assume JPEG for series/brand images
					$thumbnail = "https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/${recipe}/${parent_image_pid}.jpg";
				}
				# /programmes page
				$web = "https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/$pid";
				# player page
				if ( $prog_type eq "tv" && $doc->{type} eq "episode" ) {
					$player = "https://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/episode/$pid";
				} else {
					$player = "https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/$pid";
				}
				# title strings
				my ($series_position, $subseries_position);
				$episode = $doc->{title};
				for my $ancestor ($parent, $grandparent, $greatgrandparent) {
					$channel ||= $ancestor->{ownership}->{service}->{title};
					if ( $ancestor->{type} && $ancestor->{title} ) {
						if ( $ancestor->{type} eq "brand" ) {
							$brand = $ancestor->{title};
						} elsif ( $ancestor->{type} eq "series" ) {
							# handle rare subseries
							if ( $series ) {
								$episode = "$series $episode";
								$subseries_position = $series_position;
							}
							$series = $ancestor->{title};
							$series_position = $ancestor->{position};
						}
					}
				}
				if ( $brand ) {
					if ( $series && $series ne $brand ) {
						$name = "$brand: $series";
					} else {
						$name = $brand;
					}
				} else {
						$name = $series;
				}
				unless ( $name ) {
					$name = $brand = $episode;
					$episode = "-";
					$title = $name;
				} else {
					$title = "$name: $episode";
				}
				# first broadcast date
				$firstbcast = $doc->{first_broadcast_date};
				# categories
				my (@cats1, @cats2, @cats3);
				for my $cat1 ( @{$doc->{categories}} ) {
					unshift @cats1, $cat1->{title};
					my $cat2 = $cat1->{broader}->{category};
					unshift @cats2, $cat2->{title} if $cat2;
					my $cat3 = $cat2->{broader}->{category};
					unshift @cats3, $cat3->{title} if $cat3;
				}
				my %seen;
				my @categories = grep { ! $seen{$_}++ } ( @cats3, @cats2, @cats1 );
				$categories = join(',', @categories);
				foreach my $cat ( @categories ) {
					if ( ! grep(/$cat/i, @ignore_categories) ) {
						$category = $cat;
						last;
					}
				}
				$categories ||= "get_iplayer";
				$category ||= $categories[0] || "get_iplayer";
				# series/episode numbers
				if ( $subseries_position ) {
					my @parts = ("a".."z");
					$episodepart = $parts[$doc->{position} - 1];
				}
				$episodenum = $subseries_position || $doc->{position};
				$seriesnum = $series_position || $parent->{position};
				# the Doctor Who fudge
				my ($seriesnum2, $episodenum2);
				# Extract the seriesnum
				my $regex = '(?:Series|Cyfres|Season)\s+'.main::regex_numbers();
				if ( "$name $episode" =~ m{$regex}i ) {
					$seriesnum2 = main::convert_words_to_number( $1 );
				}
				# Extract the episode num
				my $regex_1 = '(?:Episode|Pennod)\s+'.main::regex_numbers();
				my $regex_2 = '^'.main::regex_numbers().'\.\s+';
				if ( "$name $episode" =~ m{$regex_1}i ) {
					$episodenum2 = main::convert_words_to_number( $1 );
				} elsif ( $episode =~ m{$regex_2}i ) {
					$episodenum2 = main::convert_words_to_number( $1 );
				}
				# override series/episode numbers if mismatch
				$seriesnum = $seriesnum2 if $seriesnum2;
				$episodenum = $episodenum2 if $episodenum2;
				# insert episode number in $episode
				$episode = Programme::bbciplayer::insert_episode_number($episode, $episodenum, $episodepart);
				# minimum series number = 1 if episode number != 0
				$seriesnum = 1 if ( $seriesnum == 0 && $episodenum != 0 );
				# programme versions
				$prog->parse_versions($doc->{versions});
				$got_metadata = 1 if $pid && $thumbnail;
			} else {
				main::logger "WARNING: PID $prog->{pid} does not refer to an iPlayer programme episode or clip. Download may fail and metadata may be inaccurate.\n";
			}
		} else {
			main::logger "WARNING: Could not parse programme metadata from $url ($@)\n";
		}
	} else {
		main::logger "WARNING: Could not download programme metadata from $url\n";
	}

	# Get list of available modes for each version available
	# populate version PIDs and metadata if we don't have them already
	if ( ! $got_metadata || keys %{ $prog->{verpids} } == 0 ) {
		if ( $prog->get_verpids( $ua ) ) {
			main::logger "ERROR: Could not get version PIDs and metadata\n" if $opt->{verbose};
			unless ( $prog->{thumbnail} || $thumbnail ) {
				$thumbnail = DEFAULT_THUMBNAIL;
				$thumbnail =~ s!/\d+xn/!/$recipe/!;
			}
			# Return at this stage unless we want metadata/tags only for various reasons
			return 1 if ! ( $opt->{info} || $opt->{metadataonly} || $opt->{thumbonly} || $opt->{cuesheetonly} || $opt->{tracklistonly} || $opt->{creditsonly} || $opt->{tagonly} )
		}
	}

	# last-chance fallback in case streams found without complete metadata
	$prog->{name} ||= "get_iplayer";
	$prog->{episode} ||= $prog->{pid};
	$prog->{title} ||= "$prog->{name}: $prog->{episode}";

	$prog->{title} 		= $title || $prog->{title};
	$prog->{name} 		= $name || $prog->{name};
	$prog->{episode} 	= $episode || $prog->{episode} || $prog->{name};
	$prog->{brand} 	= $brand || $prog->{name};
	$prog->{type}		= $prog_type || $prog->{type};
	$prog->{channel}	= $channel || $prog->{channel};
	$prog->{expires}	= $expires || $prog->{expires};
	$prog->{guidance}	= $guidance || $prog->{guidance};
	$prog->{categories}	= $categories || $prog->{categories};
	$prog->{category}	= $category || $prog->{category};
	$prog->{desc}		= $summary || $prog->{desc} || $prog->{descshort};
	$prog->{desclong}	= $longdesc || $meddesc || $summary || $prog->{desclong};
	$prog->{descmedium}	= $meddesc || $summary || $prog->{descmedium};
	$prog->{descshort}	= $summary || $prog->{descshort};
	$prog->{player}		= $player || $prog->{player};
	$prog->{web}		= $web || $prog->{web};
	$prog->{thumbnail}	= $thumbnail || $prog->{thumbnail};
	$prog->{episodenum}	= $episodenum || $prog->{episodenum};
	$prog->{episodepart}	= $episodepart || $prog->{episodepart};
	$prog->{seriesnum}	= $seriesnum || $prog->{seriesnum};
	# Conditionally set the senum
	$prog->{senum} = sprintf "s%02de%02d%s", $prog->{seriesnum}, $prog->{episodenum}, $prog->{episodepart} if $prog->{seriesnum} != 0 && $prog->{episodenum} != 0;
	$prog->{senumx} = sprintf "%02dx%02d%s", $prog->{seriesnum}, $prog->{episodenum}, $prog->{episodepart} if $prog->{seriesnum} != 0 && $prog->{episodenum} != 0;
	# Create a stripped episode and series with numbers removed + senum s##e## element.
	$prog->{episodeshort} = $prog->{episode};
	$prog->{episodeshort} =~ s/(^|:(\s+))\d+[a-z]?\.\s+/$1/i;
	my $no_number = $prog->{episodeshort};
	$prog->{episodeshort} =~ s/:?\s*(Episode|Pennod)\s+.+?(:\s*|$)//i;
	$prog->{episodeshort} =~ s/:?\s*(Series|Cyfres|Season)\s+.+?(:\s*|$)//i;
	$prog->{episodeshort} = $no_number if $prog->{episodeshort} eq '';
	$prog->{nameshort} = $prog->{brand};
	$prog->{nameshort} =~ s/:?\s*(Series|Cyfres|Season)\s+\d.*?(:\s*|$)//i;
	$prog->{firstbcast} = $firstbcast;
	$prog->{firstbcastrel} = Programme::get_time_string( $firstbcast, time() );
	($prog->{firstbcastdate} = $firstbcast) =~ s/T.*$//;
	($prog->{firstbcasttime} = $firstbcast) =~ s/^.*T([:\d]+).*$/$1/;
	($prog->{firstbcastyear}, $prog->{firstbcastmonth}, $prog->{firstbcastday}) = split( "-", $prog->{firstbcastdate} );
	($prog->{sebcast} = substr($firstbcast, 0, 17)) =~ s/\D//g;
	$prog->{sebcastdate} = substr($prog->{sebcast}, 0, 8);
	$prog->{sebcasttime} = substr($prog->{sebcast}, 8, 4);
	$prog->{sesort} = $prog->{senum} || $prog->{sebcast};
	$prog->{sesortx} = $prog->{senumx} || $prog->{sebcast};
	$prog->{series} 	= $series || $prog->{series};
	$prog->{series} = "Series $seriesnum" if $seriesnum && $prog->{series} && $prog->{nameshort} && $prog->{series} eq $prog->{nameshort};
	$prog->{series} ||= "Series $seriesnum" if $seriesnum;
	$prog->{seriessort} = $prog->{series} || $prog->{firstbcastyear};
	$prog->{releaseyear} ||= $prog->{firstbcastyear};

	# Do this for each version tried in this order (if they appeared in the content)
	for my $version ( sort keys %{ $prog->{verpids} } ) {
		# Try to get stream data for this version if it isn't already populated
		if ( not defined $prog->{streams}->{$version} ) {
			# Add streamdata to object
			$prog->{streams}->{$version} = get_stream_data($prog, $prog->{verpids}->{$version}, undef, $version );
		}
		if ( keys %{ $prog->{streams}->{$version} } == 0 ) {
			main::logger "INFO: No streams available for '$version' version ($prog->{verpids}->{$version}) - skipping\n" if $opt->{verbose};
			next;
		}
		# Set duration for this version if it is not defined
		$prog->{durations}->{$version} = $prog->{duration} if $prog->{duration} =~ /\d+/ && ! $prog->{durations}->{$version};
	}

	my @fields1 = qw(verpids streams durations);

	unless ( $opt->{nomergeversions} ) {
		# merge versions with same name and duration or if base version empty
		for my $version ( sort keys %{ $prog->{verpids} } ) {
			next if $version !~ /\d+$/;
			(my $base_version = $version) =~ s/\d+$//;
			next unless keys %{ $prog->{streams}->{$base_version} } == 0 || ( $prog->{durations}->{$base_version} > 0 && $prog->{durations}->{$version} > 0 );
			if ( keys %{ $prog->{streams}->{$base_version} } == 0 || $prog->{durations}->{$base_version} == $prog->{durations}->{$version} ) {
				my @version_modes = sort Programme::cmp_modes keys %{ $prog->{streams}->{$version} };
				for my $mode ( @version_modes ) {
					if ( ! $prog->{streams}->{$base_version}->{$mode} ) {
						$prog->{streams}->{$base_version}->{$mode} = $prog->{streams}->{$version}->{$mode}
					}
				}
				for my $key ( @fields1 ) {
					delete $prog->{$key}->{$version};
				}
			}
		}
	}

	# remove versions with no media streams
	for my $version ( sort keys %{ $prog->{verpids} } ) {
		my @version_modes = sort Programme::cmp_modes keys %{ $prog->{streams}->{$version} };
		if ( ! grep !/^subtitles\d+$/, @version_modes ) {
			main::logger "INFO: No media streams found for '$version' version ($prog->{verpids}->{$version}) - deleting\n" if $opt->{verbose};
			for my $key ( @fields1 ) {
				delete $prog->{$key}->{$version};
			}
		}
	}

	my $versions = join ',', sort keys %{ $prog->{verpids} };

	my $modes;
	my $mode_sizes;
	my $qualities;
	my $quality_sizes;
	for my $version ( sort keys %{ $prog->{verpids} } ) {
		my @version_modes = sort Programme::cmp_modes keys %{ $prog->{streams}->{$version} };
		$modes->{$version} = join ',', @version_modes;
		$qualities->{$version} = $prog->qualities_from_modes($modes->{$version});
		# Estimate the file sizes for each mode
		my @sizes;
		for my $mode ( @version_modes ) {
			# get expiry from stream data
			if ( ! $prog->{expires} && $prog->{streams}->{$version}->{$mode}->{expires} ) {
				$prog->{expires} = Programme::get_time_string( $prog->{streams}->{$version}->{$mode}->{expires} );
			}
			my $size;
			if ( $prog->{streams}->{$version}->{$mode}->{size} ) {
				$size = $prog->{streams}->{$version}->{$mode}->{size};
			} else {
				next if ( ! $prog->{durations}->{$version} ) || (! $prog->{streams}->{$version}->{$mode}->{bitrate} );
				$size = $prog->{streams}->{$version}->{$mode}->{bitrate} * $prog->{durations}->{$version} / 8.0 * 1000.0;
			}
			if ( $size < 1000000 ) {
				push @sizes, sprintf( "%s=%.0fkB", $mode, $size / 1000.0 );
			} else {
				push @sizes, sprintf( "%s=%.0fMB", $mode, $size / 1000000.0 );
			}
		}
		$mode_sizes->{$version} = join ',', sort Programme::cmp_modes @sizes;
		$quality_sizes->{$version} = $prog->qualitysizes_from_modesizes($mode_sizes->{$version});
	}

	$prog->{versions} = $versions;
	$prog->{modes} = $modes;
	$prog->{modesizes} = $mode_sizes;
	$prog->{qualities} = $qualities;
	$prog->{qualitysizes} = $quality_sizes;

	# check at least one version available
	if ( keys %{ $prog->{verpids} } == 0 ) {
		main::logger "WARNING: No media streams found for requested programme versions and recording quality.\n";
		if ( $prog->{geoblocked}->{$version} ) {
			main::logger "WARNING: The BBC blocked access to this programme because it determined that you are outside the UK.\n";
		} elsif ( $prog->{unavailable}->{$version} ) {
			main::logger "WARNING: The BBC lists this programme as unavailable - check the iPlayer or Sounds site.\n";
		} else {
			main::logger "WARNING: The programme may not be available - check the iPlayer or Sounds site.\n";
			main::logger "WARNING: The programme may only be available in an unsupported format (e.g., Flash) - check the iPlayer or Sounds site.\n";
			main::logger "WARNING: If you use a VPN/VPS/Smart DNS/web proxy, it may have been blocked.\n";
		}
		# Return at this stage unless we want metadata/tags only for various reasons
		return 1 if ! ( $opt->{info} || $opt->{metadataonly} || $opt->{thumbonly} || $opt->{cuesheetonly} || $opt->{tracklistonly} || $opt->{creditsonly} || $opt->{tagonly} )
	}

	return 0;
}

sub fetch_pid_info {
	my $ua = shift;
	my $pid = shift;
	my $url = "https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/$pid.json";
	my $pid_type;
	my $prog_type;
	my $prog_name;
	my $prog_episode;
	my $prog_channel;
	my $prog_desc;
	my $json = main::request_url_retry($ua, $url, 3, '', '');
	if ( $json ) {
		my $dec = eval { decode_json($json) };
		if ( ! $@ ) {
			my $doc = $dec->{programme};
			my $parent = $doc->{parent}->{programme};
			my $grandparent = $parent->{parent}->{programme};
			my $greatgrandparent = $grandparent->{parent}->{programme};
			$pid_type = $doc->{type};
			if ( $doc->{media_type} eq 'audio' ) {
				$prog_type = 'radio';
			} elsif ( $doc->{media_type} =~ /video/ )  {
				$prog_type = 'tv';
			} else {
				$prog_type = $doc->{ownership}->{service}->{type};
			}
			$prog_name = $doc->{display_title}->{title};
			$prog_episode = $doc->{display_title}->{subtitle};
			$prog_channel = $doc->{ownership}->{service}->{title};
			$prog_desc = $doc->{short_synopsis};
			if ( $prog_episode =~ s/((?:Series|Cyfres|Season) \d+)[, :]+// ) {
				$prog_name .= ": $1";
			}
			for my $ancestor ($parent, $grandparent, $greatgrandparent) {
				$prog_channel ||= $ancestor->{ownership}->{service}->{title};
			}
		} else {
			main::logger "ERROR: Could not parse JSON PID info: $url\n";
		}
	} else {
		main::logger "WARNING: Failed to download JSON PID info: $url\n";
	}
	return ($pid_type, $prog_type, $prog_name, $prog_episode, $prog_channel, $prog_desc);
}

sub fetch_episodes_recursive {
	my $ua = shift;
	my $parent_pid = shift;
	my $prog_type = shift;
	my $eps;
	my %seen;
	my $max_page = 1;
	my $curr_page = 1;
	my $last_page;
	my $title;
	my $channel;
	my $check_series_nav;
	my $has_series_nav;
	{ do {
		my $url = "https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/$parent_pid/episodes/player?page=$curr_page";
		my $html = main::request_url_retry($ua, $url, 3, '', '');
		last unless $html;
		my $dom = XML::LibXML->load_html(string => $html, recover => 1, suppress_errors => 1);
		unless ( $channel ) {
			$channel = $dom->findvalue('//*[contains(@class,"br-masthead__masterbrand")]');
		}
		unless ( $title ) {
			$title = $dom->findvalue('//div[contains(@class,"br-masthead__title")]/a');
			unless ( $title ) {
				$title = $dom->findvalue('/html/head/title');
			}
			$title =~ s/(^\s+|\s+$)//g;
			$title =~ s/[-\s]+(Available now|Ar gael nawr)//gi;
			$title =~ s/^BBC[-\s]+[^-]+[-\s]+//g;
			$title =~ s/[-\s]+[^-]+[-\s]+BBC$//g;
		}
		my @episodes = $dom->findnodes('//*[@data-pid]');
		if ( @episodes ) {
			for my $episode ( @episodes ) {
				my $pid = $episode->findvalue('@data-pid');
				next unless $pid;
				next if $seen{$pid};
				$seen{$pid} = 1;
				my $prog_episode;
				my $name2;
				my @prog_titles = $episode->findnodes('.//*[contains(@class,"programme__titles")]');
				for my $prog_title ( @prog_titles ) {
					$prog_episode = $prog_title->findvalue('.//*[contains(@class,"programme__title")]');
					$name2 = $prog_title->findvalue('.//*[contains(@class,"programme__subtitle")]');
				}
				my $prog_name = $name2 ? "$title: $name2" : $title;
				my $prog_desc = $episode->findvalue('.//*[contains(@class,"programme__synopsis")]/*');
				unless ( $name2 ) {
					if ( $prog_episode =~ s/((?:Series|Cyfres|Season) \d+(\s+Reversions)?)[, :]+// ) {
						$prog_name .= ": $1";
					}
				}
				push @$eps, main::progclass($prog_type)->new( pid => $pid, type => $prog_type, name => $prog_name, episode => $prog_episode, channel => $channel, desc => $prog_desc );
			}
		}
		unless ( $last_page ) {
			$last_page = $dom->findvalue('//*[contains(@class,"pagination__page--last")]//a');
		}
		last unless $last_page;
		$last_page =~ s/(^\s+|\s+$)//g;
		$max_page = $last_page if $last_page > $max_page;
		$curr_page++;
	} while ( $curr_page <= $max_page ) };
	unless ( $eps && @$eps ) {
		main::logger "INFO: No episodes found, checking alternate location...\n" if $opt->{verbose};
		%seen = undef;
		$title = undef;
		$channel = undef;
		my @urls = ( "https://www.bbc.co.uk/iplayer/episodes/$parent_pid" );
		for my $url ( @urls ) {
			my $curr_url = $url;
			$curr_page = 1;
			$max_page = 1;
			$last_page = undef;
			{ do {
				my $html = main::request_url_retry($ua, $curr_url, 3, '', '');
				last unless $html;
				my $dom = XML::LibXML->load_html(string => $html, recover => 1, suppress_errors => 1);
				if ( ! $check_series_nav ) {
					my @hrefs = $dom->findnodes('//*[contains(@class,"series-nav")]//a/@href');
					for my $href (@hrefs) {
						my $href_path = $href->findvalue('.');
						my ($sid) = $href_path =~ /seriesId=([a-z0-9]+)/i;
						next if $sid && $sid !~ REGEX_PID;
						push @urls, "https://www.bbc.co.uk".$href_path;
					}
					$has_series_nav = @hrefs;
					$check_series_nav = 1;
				}
				unless ( $channel ) {
					$channel = $dom->findvalue('//*[contains(@class,"hero-header__label")]');
				}
				unless ( $title ) {
					$title = $dom->findvalue('//*[contains(@class,"hero-header__title")]');
					unless ( $title ) {
						$title = $dom->findvalue('//title');
					}
					$title =~ s/(^\s+|\s+$)//g;
					$title =~ s/[-\s]+(Available now|Ar gael nawr)//gi;
					$title =~ s/^BBC[-\s]+[^-]+[-\s]+//g;
					$title =~ s/[-\s]+[^-]+[-\s]+BBC$//g;
				}
				my $name2 = $dom->findvalue('//*[contains(@class,"series-nav")]//*[contains(@class,"series-nav__button--active")]/*');
				my @episodes = $dom->findnodes('//*[contains(@class,"list__grid")]//*[contains(@class,"grid__item")]');
				if ( @episodes ){
					for my $episode ( @episodes ) {
						my $item = $episode->findvalue('.//a[contains(@class,"content-item-root")]/@href');
						my $pid = $1 if $item =~ m{/episode/([a-z0-9]+)};
						next unless $pid;
						next if $seen{$pid};
						$seen{$pid} = 1;
						my $prog_episode = $episode->findvalue('.//*[contains(@class,"content-item-root__meta--with-label")]');
						my $prog_name = $name2 ? "$title: $name2" : $title;
						my $prog_desc = $episode->findvalue('.//*[contains(@class,"content-item-root__meta-label")][1]');
						unless ( $name2 ) {
							if ( $prog_episode =~ s/((?:Series|Cyfres|Season) \d+(\s+Reversions)?)[, :]+// ) {
								$prog_name .= ": $1";
							}
						}
						push @$eps, main::progclass($prog_type)->new( pid => $pid, type => $prog_type, name => $prog_name, episode => $prog_episode, channel => $channel, desc => $prog_desc );
					}
				}
				unless ( $last_page ) {
					$last_page = $dom->findvalue('//*[contains(@class,"list__pagination")]//*[contains(@class,"pagination__list")]//*[contains(@class,"pagination__number")][last()]//*[contains(@class,"button__text")]/*[1]');
				}
				last unless $last_page;
				$last_page =~ s/(^\s+|\s+$)//g;
				$max_page = $last_page if $last_page > $max_page;
				$curr_page++;
				$curr_url = $url;
				$curr_url .= "&" if $curr_url =~ /\?/;
				$curr_url .= "?" unless $curr_url =~ /\?/;
				$curr_url = "${curr_url}page=$curr_page";
			} while ( $curr_page <= $max_page ) };
		}
	}
	if ( $eps && @$eps ) {
		@$eps = reverse @$eps unless $has_series_nav;
	}
	return $eps;
}

sub get_episodes_recursive {
	my $prog = shift;
	my $eps;
	my $pid_type;
	my $prog_type;
	my $prog_name;
	my $prog_episode;
	my $prog_channel;
	my $prog_desc;
	# Clean up the pid
	main::logger "INFO: Cleaning PID - old: '$prog->{pid}'" if $opt->{verbose};
	$prog->clean_pid();
	main::logger " new: '$prog->{pid}'\n" if $opt->{verbose};
	if ( ! $prog->pid_ok() ) {
		main::logger "ERROR: Could not extract a valid PID from $prog->{pid}\n";
		return;
	}
	my $ua = main::create_ua( 'desktop' );
	($pid_type, $prog_type, $prog_name, $prog_episode, $prog_channel, $prog_desc ) = fetch_pid_info( $ua, $prog->{pid} );
	$prog_type ||= 'tv';
	$prog_name ||= 'get_iplayer';
	$prog_episode ||= $prog_name eq "get_iplayer" ? $prog->{pid} : "-";
	$prog_channel ||= 'BBC iPlayer';
	$prog_desc ||= 'No description';
	if ( ! $pid_type ) {
		main::logger "WARNING: Could not determine PID type ($prog->{pid}). Trying to record PID directly.\n";
		push @$eps, main::progclass($prog_type)->new( pid => $prog->{pid}, type => $prog_type, name => $prog_name, episode => $prog_episode, channel => $prog_channel, desc => $prog_desc );
	} elsif ( $pid_type eq "episode" || $pid_type eq "clip" ) {
		main::logger "INFO: $prog_type $pid_type PID detected ($prog->{pid})\n" if $opt->{verbose};
		push @$eps, main::progclass($prog_type)->new( pid => $prog->{pid}, type => $prog_type, name => $prog_name, episode => $prog_episode, channel => $prog_channel, desc => $prog_desc );
	} elsif ( $pid_type eq "series" || $pid_type eq "brand" ) {
		main::logger "INFO: $prog_type series or brand PID detected ($prog->{pid})\n" if $opt->{verbose};
		if ( $opt->{pidrecursive} ) {
			$eps = fetch_episodes_recursive($ua, $prog->{pid}, $prog_type);
		} else {
			main::logger "INFO: '$prog->{pid}' is a series or brand PID for '$prog_name' - add the --pid-recursive option to retrieve available episodes\n";
			return;
		}
	} else {
		main::logger "WARNING: Unknown PID type: $pid_type ($prog->{pid}). Trying to record PID directly.\n";
		push @$eps, progclass($prog_type)->new( pid => $prog->{pid}, type => $prog_type, name => $prog_name, episode => $prog_episode, channel => $prog_channel, desc => $prog_desc );
	}
	return $eps;
}

# Intelligently split name and episode from title string for BBC iPlayer/BBC Sounds metadata
sub split_title {
	my $title = shift;
	my ( $name, $episode );
	# <title type="text">The Sarah Jane Adventures: Series 1: Revenge of the Slitheen: Part 2</title>
	# <title type="text">The Story of Tracy Beaker: Series 4 Compilation: Independence Day/Beaker Witch Project</title>
	# <title type="text">The Sarah Jane Adventures: Series 1: The Lost Boy: Part 2</title>
	if ( $title =~ m{^(.+?Series.*?):\s+(.+?)$} ) {
		( $name, $episode ) = ( $1, $2 );
	} elsif ( $title =~ m{^(.+?):\s+(.+)$} ) {
		( $name, $episode ) = ( $1, $2 );
	# Catch all - i.e. no ':' separators
	} else {
		( $name, $episode ) = ( $title, '-' );
	}
	return ( $name, $episode );
}

sub insert_episode_number {
	my $episode = shift;
	my $episodenum = shift;
	my $episodepart = shift;
	#my $episode_regex = 'Episode\s+'.main::regex_numbers();
	#my $date_regex = '^(\d{2}\/\d{2}\/\d{4}|\d{4}\-\d{2}\-\d{2})';
	if ( $episodenum && $episode !~ /^\d+[a-z]?\./ ) { #&& $episode !~ /$episode_regex/ && $episode !~ /$date_regex/ ) {
		$episode = sprintf("%02d%s. %s", $episodenum, $episodepart, $episode);
	}
	return $episode;
}

sub thumb_url_recipe {
	my $prog = shift;
	my $defsize = 1920;
	my $thumbsize = $opt->{thumbsize} || $defsize;
	if ( $opt->{thumbsquare} && $opt->{thumbsize} > 1280 ) {
			main::logger "WARNING: Thumbnail size is limited to 1280 with --thumbnail-square\n";
	}
	$thumbsize = 1280 if $opt->{thumbsquare} && $thumbsize > 1280;
	my $recipe = $prog->thumb_url_recipes->{ $thumbsize };
	if ( ! $recipe ) {
		if ( $thumbsize >= 1 && $thumbsize <= 11 ) {
			main::logger "WARNING: Index numbers 1-11 no longer valid with --thumbsize - specify thumbnail image width\n";
		}
		my $newsize;
		my @sizes = sort { $a <=> $b } keys %{$prog->thumb_url_recipes()};
		if ( $thumbsize < $sizes[0] ) {
			$newsize = $sizes[0];
		} elsif ( $thumbsize > $sizes[$#sizes] ) {
			$newsize = $sizes[$#sizes];
		} else {
			my $diff = abs($sizes[$#sizes] - $sizes[0]);
			my $size = $defsize;
			for my $size2 ( @sizes ) {
				my $diff2 = abs($thumbsize - $size2);
				if ( $diff2 < $diff ) {
					$diff = $diff2;
					$size = $size2;
				}
			}
			$newsize = $size;
		}
		main::logger "WARNING: Invalid thumbnail size: $thumbsize - using nearest available size ($newsize)\n";
		$recipe = $prog->thumb_url_recipes->{ $newsize };
	}
	if ( $opt->{thumbsquare} ) {
		$recipe =~ s/(\d+)x\d+/$1x$1/;
	}
	return $recipe;
}

sub thumb_url_recipes {
	return {
		192 => '192x108',
		256 => '256x144',
		384 => '384x216',
		448 => '448x252',
		512	=> '512x288',
		640	=> '640x360',
		704	=> '704x396',
		832	=> '832x468',
		960	=> '960x540',
		1280	=> '1280x720',
		1920	=> '1920x1080',
	}
}

#new_stream_report($mattribs, $cattribs)
sub new_stream_report {
	my $mattribs = shift;
	my $cattribs = shift;

	main::logger "New BBC iPlayer/BBC Sounds Stream Found:\n";
	main::logger "MEDIA-ELEMENT:\n";

	# list media attribs
	main::logger "MEDIA-ATTRIBS:\n";
	for (keys %{ $mattribs }) {
		main::logger "\t$_ => $mattribs->{$_}\n";
	}

	my @conn;
	if ( defined $cattribs ) {
		@conn = ( $cattribs );
	} else {
		@conn = @{ $mattribs->{connections} };
	}
	for my $cattribs ( @conn ) {
		main::logger "\tCONNECTION-ELEMENT:\n";

		# Print attribs
		for (keys %{ $cattribs }) {
			main::logger "\t\t$_ => $cattribs->{$_}\n";
		}
	}
	return 0;
}

sub parse_metadata {
	my @medias;
	my $xml = shift;
	my %elements;

	# Parse all 'media' elements
	my $element = 'media';
	while ( $xml =~ /<$element\s+(.+?)>(.+?)<\/$element>/sg ) {
		my $xml = $2;
		my $mattribs = parse_attributes( $1 );

		# Parse all 'connection' elements
		my $element = 'connection';
		while ( $xml =~ /<$element\s+(.+?)\/>/sg ) {
			# push to data structure
			push @{ $mattribs->{connections} }, parse_attributes( $1 );
		}
		# mediaselector 5 -> 4 compatibility
		for my $cattribs ( @{ $mattribs->{connections} } ) {
			if ( ! $cattribs->{kind} && $cattribs->{supplier} ) {
				$cattribs->{kind} = $cattribs->{supplier};
			}
		}
		push @medias, $mattribs;
	}

	# Parse and dump structure
	if ( $opt->{debug} ) {
		for my $mattribs ( @medias ) {
			main::logger "MEDIA-ELEMENT:\n";

			# list media attribs
			main::logger "MEDIA-ATTRIBS:\n";
			for (keys %{ $mattribs }) {
				main::logger "\t$_ => $mattribs->{$_}\n";
			}

			for my $cattribs ( @{ $mattribs->{connections} } ) {
				main::logger "\tCONNECTION-ELEMENT:\n";

				# Print attribs
				for (keys %{ $cattribs }) {
					main::logger "\t\t$_ => $cattribs->{$_}\n";
				}
			}
		}
	}

	return @medias;
}

sub parse_attributes {
	$_ = shift;
	my $attribs;
	# Parse all attributes
	while ( /([\w]+?)="(.*?)"/sg ) {
		$attribs->{$1} = $2;
	}
	return $attribs;
}

# from https://github.com/osklil/hls-fetch
sub parse_hls_connection {
	my $ua = shift;
	my $media = shift;
	my $conn = shift;
	my $min_bitrate = shift;
	my $max_bitrate = shift;
	my $prefix = shift || "hls";
	my @hls_medias;
	decode_entities($conn->{href});
	my $variant_url = $conn->{href};
	main::logger "DEBUG: HLS variant playlist URL: $variant_url\n" if $opt->{verbose};
	# resolve manifest redirect
	for (my $i = 0; $i < 3; $i++) {
		my $request = HTTP::Request->new( HEAD => $variant_url );
		my $response = $ua->request($request);
		if ( $response->is_success ) {
			if ( $response->previous ) {
				$variant_url = $response->request->uri;
				main::logger "DEBUG: HLS variant playlist URL (actual): $variant_url\n" if $opt->{verbose};
			}
			last;
		}
	}
	$conn->{href} = $variant_url;
	my $data = main::request_url_retry( $ua, $conn->{href}, 3, undef, undef, 1, undef, 1 );
	if ( ! $data ) {
		main::logger "WARNING: No HLS playlist returned ($conn->{href})\n" if $opt->{verbose};
		return;
	}
	my @lines = split(/\r*\n|\r\n*/, $data);
	if ( @lines < 1 || $lines[0] !~ '^#EXTM3U' ) {
		main::logger "WARNING: Invalid HLS playlist, no header ($conn->{href})\n" if $opt->{verbose};
		return;
	}

	my $best_audio;
	if (!grep { /^#EXTINF:/ } @lines) {
		my (@streams, $last_stream);
		foreach my $line (@lines) {
			next if ($line =~ /^#/ && $line !~ /^#EXT/) || $line =~ /^\s*$/;
			if ($line =~ /^#EXT-X-STREAM-INF:(.*)$/) {
				$last_stream = parse_m3u_attribs($conn->{href}, $1);
				next unless $last_stream;
				if ( $last_stream->{RESOLUTION} && $last_stream->{AUDIO} ) {
					$best_audio->{$last_stream->{RESOLUTION}} = $last_stream->{AUDIO};
				}
				push @streams, $last_stream;
			} elsif ($line !~ /^#EXT/) {
				if ( ! defined $last_stream ) {
					main::logger "WARNING: Missing #EXT-X-STREAM-INF for URL: $line ($conn->{href})\n" if $opt->{verbose};
					return;
				}
				$last_stream->{'URL'} = $line;
				$last_stream = undef;
			}
		}
		if ( ! @streams ) {
			main::logger "WARNING: No streams found in HLS playlist ($conn->{href})\n";
			return,
		};

		main::logger "WARNING: non-numeric bandwidth in HLS playlist\n" if grep { $_->{'BANDWIDTH'} =~ /\D/ } @streams;
		for my $stream ( @streams ) {
			next if $stream->{AUDIO} && $best_audio->{$stream->{RESOLUTION}} && $stream->{AUDIO} ne $best_audio->{$stream->{RESOLUTION}};
			my $hls_media = dclone($media);
			delete $hls_media->{fps};
			delete $hls_media->{width};
			delete $hls_media->{height};
			delete $hls_media->{bitrate};
			delete $hls_media->{media_file_size};
			delete $hls_media->{service};
			delete $hls_media->{connections};
			my ($ab, $vb) = ($1, $2) if $stream->{'URL'} =~ /audio.*?=(\d+)-video.*?=(\d+)/;
			if ( $ab && $vb ) {
				$hls_media->{audio_bitrate} = int($ab/1000);
				$hls_media->{video_bitrate} = int($vb/1000);
			}
			$hls_media->{bitrate} = int($stream->{BANDWIDTH}/1000.0);
			next if $min_bitrate && $hls_media->{bitrate} < $min_bitrate;
			next if $max_bitrate && $hls_media->{bitrate} > $max_bitrate;
			if ( $stream->{RESOLUTION} ) {
				($hls_media->{width}, $hls_media->{height}) = split(/x/, $stream->{RESOLUTION});
				$hls_media->{fps} = $stream->{"FRAME-RATE"} || 25;
			}
			$hls_media->{service} = "gip_${prefix}_$hls_media->{bitrate}";
			my $hls_conn = dclone($conn);
			my $uri1 = URI->new($hls_conn->{href});
			my $uri2 = URI->new($stream->{URL});
			my $qs1 = $uri1->query;
			my $qs2 = $uri2->query;
			if ( ! $uri2->scheme ) {
				my @segs1 = $uri1->path_segments;
				my @segs2 = $uri2->path_segments;
				pop @segs1;
				push @segs1, @segs2;
				$uri2 = dclone($uri1);
				$uri2->path_segments(@segs1);
			}
			$qs1 .= "&" if $qs1 && $qs2;
			$uri2->query($qs1.$qs2);
			delete $hls_conn->{href};
			$hls_conn->{href} = $uri2->as_string;
			$hls_media->{connections} = [ $hls_conn ];
			push @hls_medias, $hls_media;
		}
	}
	return @hls_medias;
}

# from https://github.com/osklil/hls-fetch
sub parse_m3u_attribs {
	my ($url, $attr_str) = @_;
	my %attr;
	for (my $as = $attr_str; $as ne ''; ) {
		unless ( $as =~ s/^?([^=]*)=([^,"]*|"[^"]*")\s*(,\s*|$)// ) {
			main::logger "WARNING: Invalid attributes in HLS playlist: $attr_str ($url)\n";
			return undef;
		}
		my ($key, $val) = ($1, $2);
		$val =~ s/^"(.*)"$/$1/;
		$attr{$key} = $val;
	}
	return \%attr;
}

sub parse_dash_connection {
	my $ua = shift;
	my $media = shift;
	my $conn = shift;
	my $min_bitrate = shift;
	my $max_bitrate = shift;
	my $prefix = shift || "dash";
	my $now = time();
	my @dash_medias;
	decode_entities($conn->{href});
	my $manifest_url = $conn->{href};
	main::logger "DEBUG: DASH manifest URL: $manifest_url\n" if $opt->{verbose};
	# resolve manifest redirect
	for (my $i = 0; $i < 3; $i++) {
		my $request = HTTP::Request->new( HEAD => $manifest_url );
		my $response = $ua->request($request);
		if ( $response->is_success ) {
			if ( $response->previous ) {
				$manifest_url = $response->request->uri;
				main::logger "DEBUG: DASH manifest URL (actual): $manifest_url\n" if $opt->{verbose};
			}
			last;
		}
	}
	$conn->{href} = $manifest_url;
	my $xml = main::request_url_retry( $ua, $conn->{href}, 3, undef, undef, 1, undef, 1 );
	if ( $xml !~ /<\?xml.*?<MPD/si ) {
		main::logger "WARNING: No DASH manifest returned ($conn->{href})\n" if $opt->{verbose};
		return;
	}
	my $dom;
	eval { $dom = XML::LibXML->load_xml(string => $xml); };
	if ( $@ ) {
		main::logger "ERROR: Failed to load DASH manifest:\n$@" if $opt->{verbose};
		return;
	}
	my $xpc = XML::LibXML::XPathContext->new($dom);
	my ($doc) = $xpc->findnodes('/*');
	$xpc->registerNs('mpd', $doc->namespaceURI());
	my $mediaPresentationDuration = $doc->findvalue('@mediaPresentationDuration');
	$mediaPresentationDuration =~ /^(-)?P(?:(\d+)Y)?(?:(\d+)M)?(?:(\d+)D)?(?:T(?:(\d+)H)?(?:(\d+)M)?(?:((\d+)(\.(\d+))?)S)?)?$/;
	my $programme_duration = int($5 * 3600 + $6 * 60 + $7);
	my ($period) = $xpc->findnodes('mpd:Period', $doc);
	my $baseurl = $xpc->findvalue('mpd:BaseURL/@content', $doc);
	if ( ! $baseurl ) {
		$baseurl = $xpc->findvalue('mpd:BaseURL/text()', $period);
	}
	my ($template0) = $xpc->findnodes('mpd:AdaptationSet/mpd:SegmentTemplate', $period);
	if ( ! $template0 ) {
		($template0) = $xpc->findnodes('mpd:AdaptationSet/mpd:Representation/mpd:SegmentTemplate', $period);
	}
	my $xinit = $template0->findvalue('@initialization');
	my $xmedia = $template0->findvalue('@media');
	my $dash_conn = dclone($conn);
	my $uri0 = URI->new($baseurl);
	my $uri1 = URI->new($dash_conn->{href});
	my $uri2 = URI->new($xinit);
	if ( ! $uri2->scheme ) {
		if ( ! $uri0->scheme ) {
			$uri2 = URI->new_abs( $uri2, URI->new_abs($uri0, $uri1) );
		} else {
			$uri2 = URI->new_abs( $uri2, $uri0 )
		}
	}
	my $qs1 = $uri1->query;
	my $qs2 = $uri2->query;
	$qs1 .= "&" if $qs1 && $qs2;
	$uri2->query($qs1.$qs2);
	my $init_template = $uri2->as_string;
	my $uri3 = URI->new($xmedia);
	if ( ! $uri3->scheme ) {
		if ( ! $uri0->scheme ) {
			$uri3 = URI->new_abs( $uri3, URI->new_abs($uri0, $uri1) );
		} else {
			$uri3 = URI->new_abs( $uri3, $uri0 )
		}
	}
	$qs1 = $uri1->query;
	my $qs3 = $uri3->query;
	$qs1 .= "&" if $qs1 && $qs3;
	$uri3->query($qs1.$qs3);
	my $media_template = $uri3->as_string;
	my @audio_medias;
	my @video_medias;
	for my $set ( $xpc->findnodes('mpd:AdaptationSet', $period) ) {
		my $content_type = $set->findvalue('@contentType');
		my ($template) = $xpc->findnodes('mpd:SegmentTemplate', $set);
		for my $repr ( $xpc->findnodes('mpd:Representation', $set) ) {
			my $bitrate = int($repr->findvalue('@bandwidth')/1000.0);
			next if $min_bitrate && $bitrate < $min_bitrate;
			next if $max_bitrate && $bitrate > $max_bitrate;
			if ( ! $template ) {
				($template) = $xpc->findnodes('mpd:SegmentTemplate', $repr);
			}
			my $segment_duration = $template->findvalue('@duration') / $template->findvalue('@timescale');
			my $num_segments = int($programme_duration / $segment_duration);
			$num_segments++ if $segment_duration * $num_segments < $programme_duration;
			my $repr_media = {};
			$repr_media->{id} = $repr->findvalue('@id');
			$repr_media->{content_type} = $content_type;
			$repr_media->{bitrate} = $bitrate;
			$repr_media->{file_size} = int($programme_duration * $repr_media->{bitrate} * 1000.0 / 8.0);
			$repr_media->{num_segments} = $num_segments;
			$repr_media->{segment_duration} = $segment_duration;
			$repr_media->{programme_duration} = $programme_duration;
			$repr_media->{start_time} = $now;
			$repr_media->{service} = "gip_${prefix}_$repr_media->{bitrate}";
			$repr_media->{start_number} = $template->{startNumber} || 1;
			$repr_media->{stop_number} = $repr_media->{start_number} + $num_segments - 1;
			$repr_media->{init_template} = $init_template;
			$repr_media->{media_template} = $media_template;
			if ( $content_type eq "video" ) {
				$repr_media->{width} = $repr->findvalue('@width');
				$repr_media->{height} = $repr->findvalue('@height');
				$repr_media->{frameRate} = $repr->findvalue('@frameRate') || $set->findvalue('@frameRate');
				push @video_medias, $repr_media;
			} else {
				push @audio_medias, $repr_media;
			}
		}
	}
	my @sorted_audio = sort {$a->{bitrate} <=> $b->{bitrate}} @audio_medias;
	my $video_audio = pop @sorted_audio;

	if ( @video_medias ) {
		for my $video_media ( @video_medias ) {
			my $dash_media = dclone($media);
			delete $dash_media->{width};
			delete $dash_media->{height};
			delete $dash_media->{bitrate};
			delete $dash_media->{service};
			delete $dash_media->{media_file_size};
			delete $dash_media->{connections};
			my $dash_conn = dclone($conn);
			delete $dash_conn->{href};
			$dash_media->{playlist_url} = $conn->{href};
			$dash_media->{width} = $video_media->{width};
			$dash_media->{height} = $video_media->{height};
			$dash_media->{bitrate} = $video_media->{bitrate};
			$dash_media->{video_bitrate} = $video_media->{bitrate};
			$dash_media->{audio_bitrate} = $video_audio->{bitrate};
			$dash_media->{service} = $video_media->{service};
			$dash_media->{media_file_size} = $video_media->{file_size};
			$dash_media->{fps} = $video_media->{frameRate};
			$dash_media->{video_media} = $video_media;
			$dash_media->{audio_media} = $video_audio;
			($dash_conn->{href} = $video_media->{init_template}) =~ s/\$RepresentationID\$/$video_media->{id}/;
			$dash_media->{connections} = [ $dash_conn ];
			push @dash_medias, $dash_media;
		}
	} else {
		for my $audio_media ( @audio_medias ) {
			my $dash_media = dclone($media);
			delete $dash_media->{bitrate};
			delete $dash_media->{service};
			delete $dash_media->{media_file_size};
			my $dash_conn = dclone($conn);
			delete $dash_conn->{href};
			$dash_media->{playlist_url} = $conn->{href};
			$dash_media->{bitrate} = $audio_media->{bitrate};
			$dash_media->{audio_bitrate} = $audio_media->{bitrate};
			$dash_media->{service} = $audio_media->{service};
			$dash_media->{media_file_size} = $audio_media->{file_size};
			$dash_media->{audio_media} = $audio_media;
			($dash_conn->{href} = $audio_media->{init_template}) =~ s/\$RepresentationID\$/$audio_media->{id}/;
			$dash_media->{connections} = [ $dash_conn ];
			push @dash_medias, $dash_media;
		}
	}
	return @dash_medias;
}

sub get_stream_data_cdn {
	my ( $data, $mattribs, $mode, $streamer, $ext ) = ( @_ );
	my $data_pri = {};

	my $count = 1;
	for my $cattribs ( @{ $mattribs->{connections} } ) {

		# Common attributes
		my $conn = {
			ext			=> $ext,
			streamer	=> $streamer,
			bitrate		=> $mattribs->{bitrate},
			priority	=> $cattribs->{priority},
			expires		=> $mattribs->{expires},
			size		=> $mattribs->{media_file_size},
		};

		# sis/edgesuite/sislive streams
		if ( $cattribs->{kind} eq 'sis' || $cattribs->{kind} eq 'edgesuite' || $cattribs->{kind} eq 'sislive' ) {
			$conn->{streamurl} = $cattribs->{href};

		# http stream
		} elsif ( $mattribs->{kind} eq 'captions' || $cattribs->{kind} eq 'http' || $cattribs->{kind} eq 'https' ) {
			$conn->{streamurl} = $cattribs->{href};

		# hls stream
		} elsif ( $cattribs->{transferFormat} =~ /hls/ ) {
			$conn->{streamurl} = $cattribs->{href};
			$conn->{kind} = $mattribs->{kind};
			if ( $conn->{kind} eq 'video' ) {
				$mattribs->{audio_bitrate} ||= 96;
				$conn->{audio_bitrate} = $mattribs->{audio_bitrate};
				$mattribs->{video_bitrate} ||= $mattribs->{bitrate} - $conn->{audio_bitrate};
				$conn->{video_bitrate} = $mattribs->{video_bitrate};
			} elsif ( $conn->{kind} eq 'audio' ) {
				$mattribs->{audio_bitrate} ||= $mattribs->{bitrate};
				$conn->{audio_bitrate} ||= $mattribs->{audio_bitrate};
			}

		# dash stream
		} elsif ( $cattribs->{transferFormat} =~ /dash/ ) {
			$conn->{streamurl} = $cattribs->{href};
			$conn->{kind} = $mattribs->{kind};
			$conn->{audio_media} = $mattribs->{audio_media};
			$conn->{video_media} = $mattribs->{video_media};
			if ( $conn->{kind} eq 'video' ) {
				$conn->{audio_bitrate} = $mattribs->{audio_bitrate};
				$conn->{video_bitrate} = $mattribs->{video_bitrate};
			}

		# Unknown CDN
		} else {
			new_stream_report($mattribs, $cattribs) if $opt->{verbose};
			next;
		}

		get_stream_set_type( $conn, $mattribs, $cattribs );

		# Find the next free mode name
		while ( defined $data->{$mode.$count} ) {
			$count++;
		}
		# Add to data structure
		$data->{$mode.$count} = $conn;
		$count++;

	}

	# Add to data structure hased by priority
	$count = 1;
	while ( defined $data->{$mode.$count} ) {
		while ( defined $data_pri->{ $data->{$mode.$count}->{priority} } ) {
			$data->{$mode.$count}->{priority}++;
		}
		$data_pri->{ $data->{$mode.$count}->{priority} } = $data->{$mode.$count};
		$count++;
	}
	# Sort mode number according to priority
	$count = 1;
	for my $priority ( reverse sort {$a <=> $b} keys %{ $data_pri } ) {
		# Add to data structure hashed by priority
		$data->{$mode.$count} = $data_pri->{ $priority };
		main::logger "DEBUG: Mode $mode$count = priority $priority\n" if $opt->{debug};
		$count++;
	}
}

# Builds connection type string
sub get_stream_set_type {
		my ( $conn, $mattribs, $cattribs ) = ( @_ );
		my @type;
		push @type, $mattribs->{service} ? $mattribs->{service} : "N/A";
		push @type, $conn->{streamer};
		push @type, $mattribs->{encoding} ? $mattribs->{encoding} : "N/A";
		push @type, $mattribs->{width} && $mattribs->{height} ? "$mattribs->{width}x$mattribs->{height}" : "N/A";
		push @type, $mattribs->{fps} ? "$mattribs->{fps}fps" : "N/A" ;
		push @type, $mattribs->{video_bitrate} ? "$mattribs->{video_bitrate}kbps" : "N/A";
		push @type, $mattribs->{audio_bitrate} ? "$mattribs->{audio_bitrate}kbps" : "N/A";
		push @type, "$cattribs->{kind}/$cattribs->{priority}" if $cattribs->{kind} && $cattribs->{priority};
		push @type, "$cattribs->{kind}" if $cattribs->{kind} && not defined $cattribs->{priority};
		$conn->{type} = sprintf("%12s %4s %4s %9s %5s %8s %7s %s", @type);
}

sub check_geoblock {
	return shift =~ /geolocation|notukerror/;
}

sub check_unavailable {
	return shift =~ /selectionunavailable/;
}

# Generic
# Gets media streams data for this version pid
# $media = undef|<modename>
sub get_stream_data {
	my ( $prog, $verpid, $media, $version ) = @_;
	my $data = {};

	main::logger "INFO: Getting stream data for version: '$version'\n" if $opt->{verbose};
	# filter CDN suppliers
	my @exclude_supplier = split(/,/, $opt->{excludesupplier});
	push @exclude_supplier, 'vbidi';
	if ( $opt->{includesupplier} ) {
		@exclude_supplier = grep { $opt->{includesupplier} !~ /\b$_\b/ } @exclude_supplier;
	}
	if ( grep /^ll$/, @exclude_supplier ) {
		push @exclude_supplier, 'limelight';
	}
	my $exclude_regex = '^_ROGUE_VALUE_$';
	if ( @exclude_supplier ) {
		$exclude_regex = '_('.(join('|', @exclude_supplier)).')';
	}

	# filter formats
	my @exclude_format = split(/,/, $opt->{excludeformat});
	if ( $opt->{includeformat} ) {
		@exclude_format = grep { $opt->{includeformat} !~ /\b$_\b/ } @exclude_format;
	}
	my $exclude_format;
	if ( @exclude_format ) {
		$exclude_format = join(',', @exclude_format);
	}

	# retrieve stream data
	my $ua = main::create_ua( 'desktop' );
	my $unblocked;
	my $checked_geoblock;
	my $isavailable;
	my $checked_unavailable;
	my %seen;
	my @medias;
	my @mediasets;
	my @ms_tf;
	my $get_dash = $opt->{info} || $exclude_format !~ /dash/;
	my $get_hls = $opt->{info} ||  $exclude_format !~ /hls/;
	if ( $get_dash ) {
		push @ms_tf, "dash";
		push @mediasets, "iptv-all", "pc";
	}
	if ( $get_hls ) {
		push @ms_tf, "hls";
		push @mediasets, "iptv-all", "pc" unless $get_dash;
		if ( $prog->{type} eq "radio" ) {
			push @mediasets, "mobile-cellular-main";
		}
	}
	for my $ms_ver ( 6, 5 ) {
		for my $mediaset ( @mediasets ) {
			my $url = "https://open.live.bbc.co.uk/mediaselector/$ms_ver/select/version/2.0/mediaset/$mediaset/vpid/$verpid/format/xml?cb=".( sprintf "%05.0f", 99999*rand(0) );
			my $xml = main::request_url_retry( $ua, $url, 3, undef, undef, 1, undef, 1 );
			main::logger "\n$xml\n" if $opt->{debug};
			$checked_geoblock = 1;
			next if check_geoblock( $xml );
			$unblocked = 1;
			$checked_unavailable = 1;
			next if check_unavailable( $xml );
			$isavailable = 1;
			decode_entities($xml);
			my @ms_medias = parse_metadata( $xml );
			for my $ms_media ( @ms_medias ) {
				my $ms_proto = "https";
				unless ( grep { $_->{protocol} eq $ms_proto } @{$ms_media->{connections}} ) {
					$ms_proto = "http";
				}
				for my $ms_conn ( @{$ms_media->{connections}} ) {
					next unless $ms_conn->{protocol} eq $ms_proto;
					next unless grep(/^$ms_conn->{transferFormat}$/, @ms_tf) || $ms_media->{kind} eq "captions";
					next if $ms_conn->{supplier} =~ /$exclude_regex/;
					(my $supplier = $ms_conn->{supplier}) =~ s/_https?$//;
					if ( $ms_media->{service} =~ /deprecated/ ) {
						$ms_media->{service} = $ms_media->{kind};
					}
					my $stream_key = "$mediaset-$ms_media->{kind}-$ms_media->{bitrate}-$ms_conn->{transferFormat}-$supplier";
					next if $seen{$stream_key};
					$seen{$stream_key}++;
					($stream_key = $ms_conn->{href}) =~ s/\?.*//;
					next if $seen{$stream_key};
					$seen{$stream_key}++;
					if ( $ms_media->{kind} eq "captions" ) {
						my $media = dclone($ms_media);
						@{$media->{connections}} = ( $ms_conn );
						push @medias, $media;
						next;
					}
					my ( $prefix, $min_bitrate, $max_bitrate, @new_medias );
					if ( $ms_conn->{transferFormat} eq "dash" ) {
						$prefix = $prog->{type} eq "tv" ? "dvf" : "daf";
						@new_medias = parse_dash_connection( $ua, $ms_media, $ms_conn, $min_bitrate, $max_bitrate, $prefix );
					} elsif ( $ms_conn->{transferFormat} eq "hls" ) {
						if ( $ms_conn->{supplier} =~ /hls_open/ ) {
							$prefix = $prog->{type} eq "tv" ? "hls" : "hla";
						} else {
							$prefix = $prog->{type} eq "tv" ? "hvf" : "haf";
						}
						@new_medias = parse_hls_connection( $ua, $ms_media, $ms_conn, $min_bitrate, $max_bitrate, $prefix );
					}
					for my $new_media ( @new_medias ) {
						for my $new_conn ( @{$new_media->{connections}} ) {
							(my $supplier = $new_conn->{supplier}) =~ s/_https?$//;
							my $stream_key = "$new_media->{service}-$supplier";
							next if $seen{$stream_key};
							$seen{$stream_key}++;
							($stream_key = $new_conn->{href}) =~ s/\?.*//;
							next if $seen{$stream_key};
							$seen{$stream_key}++;
							push @medias, $new_media;
							last;
						}
					}
				}
			}
		}
		last if @medias;
	}

	unless ( $unblocked ) {
		$prog->{geoblocked}->{$version} = 1 if $checked_geoblock;
		return undef;
	} else {
		$prog->{geoblocked}->{$version} = 0;
	}

	unless ( $isavailable ) {
		$prog->{unavailable}->{$version} = 1 if $checked_unavailable;
		return undef;
	} else {
		$prog->{unavailable}->{$version} = 0;
	}

	# Parse and dump structure
	for my $mattribs ( @medias ) {

		# Put verpid into mattribs
		$mattribs->{verpid} = $verpid;

		if ( $mattribs->{service} =~ /(daf|haf|hla)/ && $mattribs->{kind} =~ 'audio' ) {
			my $stm = $mattribs->{service} =~ /daf/ ? "dash" : "hls";
			my $ext = "m4a";
			if ( $mattribs->{bitrate} >= 192 ) {
				get_stream_data_cdn( $data, $mattribs, "${stm}high", $stm, $ext );
			} elsif ( $mattribs->{bitrate} >= 120 ) {
				get_stream_data_cdn( $data, $mattribs, "${stm}std", $stm, $ext );
			} elsif ( $mattribs->{bitrate} >= 80 ) {
				get_stream_data_cdn( $data, $mattribs, "${stm}med", $stm, $ext );
			} else {
				get_stream_data_cdn( $data, $mattribs, "${stm}low", $stm, $ext );
			}

		} elsif ( $mattribs->{service} =~ /(dvf|hvf|hls)/ && $mattribs->{kind} =~ 'video' ) {
			my $stm = $mattribs->{service} =~ /dvf/ ? "dash" : "hls";
			my $ext = "mp4";
			if ( $mattribs->{height} > 700 ) {
				get_stream_data_cdn( $data, $mattribs, "${stm}hd", $stm, $ext );
			} elsif ( $mattribs->{height} > 500 ) {
				if ( $mattribs->{fps} > 25 ) {
					if ( $mattribs->{bitrate} >= 2500 ) {
						get_stream_data_cdn( $data, $mattribs, "${stm}sd", $stm, $ext );
					} else {
						get_stream_data_cdn( $data, $mattribs, "${stm}xsd", $stm, $ext );
					}
				} else {
					get_stream_data_cdn( $data, $mattribs, "${stm}xsd", $stm, $ext );
				}
			} elsif ( $mattribs->{height} > 350 ) {
				if ( $mattribs->{fps} > 25 ) {
					if ( $mattribs->{bitrate} >= 1250 ) {
						get_stream_data_cdn( $data, $mattribs, "${stm}web", $stm, $ext );
					} else {
						get_stream_data_cdn( $data, $mattribs, "${stm}xweb", $stm, $ext );
					}
				} else {
					get_stream_data_cdn( $data, $mattribs, "${stm}xweb", $stm, $ext );
				}
			} elsif ( $mattribs->{height} > 250 ) {
				get_stream_data_cdn( $data, $mattribs, "${stm}mobile", $stm, $ext );
			}

		# Subtitles modes
		} elsif (	$mattribs->{kind} eq 'captions' &&
				$mattribs->{type} eq 'application/ttaf+xml'
		) {
			get_stream_data_cdn( $data, $mattribs, 'subtitles', 'http', 'srt' );

		# Catch unknown
		} else {
			new_stream_report($mattribs, undef) if $opt->{verbose};
		}
	}

	# keep max audio bitrate if more than one for given video resolution
	my %seen = ();
	my @modes = sort Programme::cmp_modes grep { not $seen{$_}++ } map { $_ =~ s/\d+$//; $_; } keys %$data;
	for my $m ( @modes ) {
		my $n = 0;
		my $xbr;
		while ( my $strm = $data->{$m . ++$n} ) {
			if ( $strm->{audio_bitrate} > $xbr ) {
				$xbr = $strm->{audio_bitrate};
			}
		}
		$n = 0;
		while ( my $strm = $data->{$m . ++$n} ) {
			if ( $strm->{audio_bitrate} < $xbr ) {
				delete $data->{$m . $n};
			}
		}
	}

	# generate FHD streams
	for my $key (keys %{$data}) {
		if ( $key =~ m/(hls|dash)hd/ ) {
			my $xvi = 12000;
			my $xvb = 8490;
			my $xvw = 1920;
			my $xvh = 1080;
			my $xvr = 50;
			my $stm2 = dclone($data->{$key});
			(my $key2 = $key) =~ s/(hls|dash)hd/${1}fhd/;
			$stm2->{streamurl} =~ s/video=\d+/video=${xvi}000/;
			$stm2->{video_bitrate} = $xvb;
			$stm2->{bitrate} = $stm2->{video_bitrate} + $stm2->{audio_bitrate};
			$stm2->{type} =~ s/^(.*?gip_.vf_)\d+(.*?)\d+x\d+(.*?)\d+(fps.*?)\d+(kbps.*)$/$1${xvb}$2${xvw}x${xvh}$3${xvr}$4${xvb}$5/;
			$stm2->{type} = sprintf("%12s %4s %4s %9s %5s %8s %7s %s", split(" ", $stm2->{type}));
			if ( $key2 =~ /dashfhd/ ) {
				$stm2->{size} = int($stm2->{audio_media}->{programme_duration} * $stm2->{bitrate} * 1000.0 / 8.0);
				$stm2->{video_media}->{height} = $xvh;
				$stm2->{video_media}->{width} = $xvw;
				$stm2->{video_media}->{bitrate} = $xvb;
				$stm2->{video_media}->{file_size} = int($stm2->{video_media}->{programme_duration} * $stm2->{video_media}->{bitrate} * 1000.0 / 8.0);
				$stm2->{video_media}->{service} =~ s/(gip_dvf_)\d+/$1${xvb}/;
				$stm2->{video_media}->{id} = "video=${xvi}000";
			}
			my $xvs = main::request_url_retry( $ua, $stm2->{streamurl}, 3, undef, undef, 1, undef, 1 );
			if ( $xvs && $xvs !~ /<html/i ) {
				if ( $key2 =~ /dashfhd/ || $xvs =~ /video=${xvi}000/) {
					$data->{$key2} = $stm2;
				}
			}
		}
	}

	# Report modes found
	if ( $opt->{verbose} ) {
		main::logger sprintf("INFO: Found mode %11s: %s\n", $_, $data->{$_}->{type}) for sort Programme::cmp_modes keys %{ $data };
	}

	# Return a hash with media => url if '' is specified - otherwise just the specified url
	if ( ! $media ) {
		return $data;
	} else {
		# Make sure this hash exists before we pass it back...
		$data->{$media}->{exists} = 0 if not defined $data->{$media};
		return $data->{$media};
	}
}

sub modelist {
	my $prog = shift;
	my $regex_quality = qr/(fhd|hd|sd|web|mobile|high|std|med|low|default)/;
	my $regex_alias = qr/(1080p?|720p?|540p?|396p?|288p?|320k?|128k?|96k?|48k?)/;
	my $replace_alias = {
		"1080p" => "fhd",
		"720p" => "hd",
		"540p" => "sd",
		"396p" => "web",
		"288p" => "mobile",
		"320k" => "high",
		"128k" => "std",
		 "96k" => "med",
		 "48k" => "low",
		"1080" => "fhd",
		"720" => "hd",
		"540" => "sd",
		"396" => "web",
		"288" => "mobile",
		"320" => "high",
		"128" => "std",
		 "96" => "med",
		 "48" => "low",
	};
	my $tvlbr = $opt->{fps25};
	my $mlist = $opt->{$prog->{type}."mode"} || $opt->{modes};
	$mlist =~ s/\s+//g;
	$mlist =~ s/,{2,}/,/g;
	$mlist = lc($mlist);
	my $mlist_orig = $mlist;
	# backcompat
	# prefixes first
	$mlist =~ s/(flash|hls)aac//g;
	$mlist =~ s/(flash|rtmp)//g;
	$mlist =~ s/(dash|dvf|daf)//g;
	$mlist =~ s/(hls|hvf|haf|hla)//g;
	$mlist =~ s/(tv|radio)//g;
	# then suffixes
	$mlist =~ s/([^,\d]+)\d+/$1/g;
	$mlist =~ s/vgood/better/g;
	$mlist =~ s/worse/good/g;
	$mlist =~ s/vhigh/sd/g;
	$mlist =~ s/x(high|std)/xweb/g;
	if ( $prog->{type} eq "tv" ) {
		$mlist =~ s/high/web/g;
		$mlist =~ s/low/mobile/g;
	}
	# then expansions
	if ( $prog->{type} eq "tv" ) {
		$mlist =~ s/best/hd,sd,web,mobile/g;
		$mlist =~ s/better/sd,web,mobile/g;
		$mlist =~ s/good/web,mobile/g;
		$mlist =~ s/worst/mobile/g;
	} elsif ( $prog->{type} eq "radio" ) {
		$mlist =~ s/best/high,std,med,low/g;
		$mlist =~ s/better/std,med,low/g;
		$mlist =~ s/good/med,low/g;
		$mlist =~ s/worst/low/g;
	}
	$mlist = join( ",", grep( /^(${regex_quality}|${regex_alias})$/, split( /,/, $mlist ) ) );
	if ( $mlist ne $mlist_orig && ! $opt->{nowarnmoderemap} ) {
		main::logger "WARNING: Recording quality settings '$mlist_orig' corrected to '$mlist'\n";
		main::logger "WARNING: Please update your preferences, preset, or PVR search\n";
		$opt->{nowarnmoderemap} = 1;
	}
	# Defaults
	if ( ! $mlist ) {
		$mlist = 'default';
	}
	if ( $prog->{type} eq "tv" ) {
		if ( $mlist =~ /x(sd|web)/ ) {
			$mlist =~ s/x(sd|web)/$1/g;
			$tvlbr = 1;
		}
		if ( $opt->{audioonly} && $prog->{version} eq "audiodescribed" ) {
			# for 128k audio
			$mlist =~ s/default/hd,web,sd,mobile/g;
		} else {
			$mlist =~ s/default/hd,sd,web,mobile/g;
		}
		# ensure valid mode for audiodescribed/combined
		if ( ( $prog->{version} eq "audiodescribed" || $prog->{version} eq "combined" ) && $mlist !~ /(sd|web|mobile)/ ) {
			if ( $opt->{audioonly} ) {
				# for 128k audio
				$mlist .= ",web,sd,mobile";
			} else {
				$mlist .= ",sd,web,mobile";
			}
		}
	} elsif ( $prog->{type} eq "radio" ) {
			$mlist =~ s/default/high,std,med,low/g;
	}
	$mlist =~ s/${regex_alias}/$replace_alias->{$1}/g;
	# remove duplicates
	my %seen;
	$mlist = join( ",", grep { my $seen = $seen{$_}; $seen{$_} = 1; !$seen } split( /,/, $mlist ) );
	# tv
	$mlist = main::expand_list($mlist, 'fhd', "dashfhd,hlsfhd");
	$mlist = main::expand_list($mlist, 'hd', "hlshd,dashhd");
	if ( $tvlbr ) {
		$mlist = main::expand_list($mlist, 'sd', "hlsxsd,dashxsd,hlssd,dashsd");
		$mlist = main::expand_list($mlist, 'web', "hlsxweb,dashxweb,hlsweb,dashweb");
	} else {
		$mlist = main::expand_list($mlist, 'sd', "hlssd,dashsd,hlsxsd,dashxsd");
		$mlist = main::expand_list($mlist, 'web', "hlsweb,dashweb,hlsxweb,dashxweb");
	}
	$mlist = main::expand_list($mlist, 'mobile', "hlsmobile,dashmobile");
	# radio
	$mlist = main::expand_list($mlist, 'high', "hlshigh,dashhigh");
	$mlist = main::expand_list($mlist, 'std', "hlsstd,dashstd");
	$mlist = main::expand_list($mlist, 'med', "hlsmed,dashmed");
	$mlist = main::expand_list($mlist, 'low', "hlslow,dashlow");
	return $mlist;
}

sub qualities_from_modes {
	my $prog = shift;
	my $modelist = shift;
	my $regex_quality = qr/(fhd|hd|sd|web|mobile|high|std|med|low)/;
	my @q1 = map { $_ =~ s/^(hls|dash)x?${regex_quality}.*?$/$2/; $_; } split( /,/, $modelist );
	my @q2 = grep(/^${regex_quality}$/, @q1);
	my %seen;
	my @q3 = grep { my $seen = $seen{$_}; $seen{$_} = 1; !$seen } @q2;
	return join(",", @q3);
}

sub qualitysizes_from_modesizes {
	my $prog = shift;
	my $modesizes = shift;
	my $regex_quality = qr/(fhd|hd|sd|web|mobile|high|std|med|low)/;
	my %sizes;
	my %units;
	my @q1 = map {
		$_ =~ m/^(hls|dash)x?${regex_quality}.*?=(\d+)(.*?)$/;
		if ( $2 ) {
			if ( $3 > $sizes{$2} ) {
				$sizes{$2} = $3;
				$units{$2} = $4;
			}
		};
		$2;
	} split( /,/, $modesizes );
	my @q2 = grep(/^${regex_quality}$/, @q1);
	my @q3 = map { "$_=$sizes{$_}$units{$_}" } @q2;
	my %seen;
	my @q4 = grep { my $seen = $seen{$_}; $seen{$_} = 1; !$seen } @q3;
	return join(",", @q4);
}

sub postproc {
	my ( $prog, $audio_file, $video_file, $ua ) = @_;
	my @cmd;
	my $return;

	$prog->ffmpeg_init();
	if ( ! main::exists_in_path('ffmpeg') ) {
		main::logger "WARNING: Required ffmpeg utility not found - cannot convert to \U$prog->{ext}\E\n";
		return 'stop';
	}

	# do nothing if no files
	my $audio_ok = $audio_file && -f $audio_file;
	my $video_ok = $video_file && -f $video_file;
	return 0 unless ( $audio_ok || $video_ok);

	my @global_opts = ( '-y' );
	my @input_opts;
	push @input_opts, ( '-i', main::decode_fs($audio_file) ) if $audio_ok;
	push @input_opts, ( '-i', main::decode_fs($video_file) ) if $video_ok;
	my @codec_opts;
	if ( ! $opt->{ffmpegobsolete} ) {
		push @codec_opts, ( '-c:v', 'copy', '-c:a', 'copy' );
	} else {
		push @codec_opts, ( '-vcodec', 'copy', '-acodec', 'copy' );
	}
	my @stream_opts;
	push @stream_opts, ( '-map', '0:a:0', '-map', '1:v:0' ) if $audio_ok && $video_ok;
	my @filter_opts;
	if ( $audio_file =~ /\.ts$/ || $video_file =~ /\.ts$/ ) {
		if ( ! $opt->{ffmpegobsolete} ) {
			push @filter_opts, ( '-bsf:a', 'aac_adtstoasc' );
		} else {
			push @filter_opts, ( '-absf', 'aac_adtstoasc' );
		}
	}
	my @other_opts;
	if ( ! $opt->{ffmpegobsolete} ) {
		push @other_opts, ( '-movflags', 'faststart' );
	}

	my $embedding;
	if ( ! $opt->{audioonly} && $opt->{subtitles} && $prog->{type} eq "tv" && $opt->{subsembed} ) {
		# download subtitles here if embedding
		unless ( $prog->download_subtitles( $ua, $prog->{subspart}, [ $prog->{version} ] ) ) {
			# Rename the subtitle file accordingly if the stream get was successful
			move($prog->{subspart}, $prog->{subsfile}) if -f $prog->{subspart};
		}
		if ( ! $opt->{ffmpegobsolete} ) {
			if ( -f $prog->{subsfile} ) {
					push @input_opts, ( '-i', main::decode_fs($prog->{subsfile}) );
					push @codec_opts, ( '-c:s', 'mov_text' );
					push @stream_opts, ( '-map', '2:s:0' ) if $audio_ok && $video_ok;
					push @stream_opts, ( '-metadata:s:s:0', 'language=eng' );
					$embedding = " and embedding subtitles";
			} else {
				main::logger "WARNING: --subs-embed specified but subtitles file not found: $prog->{subsfile}\n";
			}
		} else {
			main::logger "WARNING: Your version of ffmpeg ($opt->{myffmpegversion}) does not support embedding subtitles\n";
		}
	}

	@cmd = (
		$bin->{ffmpeg},
		@{ $binopts->{ffmpeg} },
		@global_opts,
		@input_opts,
		@codec_opts,
		@stream_opts,
		@filter_opts,
		@other_opts,
		main::decode_fs($prog->{filepart}),
	);

	main::logger "INFO: Converting to \U$prog->{ext}\E$embedding\n";

	# Run conversion and delete source file on success
	$return = main::run_cmd( 'STDERR', @cmd );

	my $min_download_size = main::progclass($prog->{type})->min_download_size();

	if ( (! $return) && -f $prog->{filepart} && stat($prog->{filepart})->size > $min_download_size ) {
		unlink( $audio_file, $video_file );
	} else {
		# remove the failed converted file
		unlink $prog->{filepart};
		main::logger "ERROR: Conversion failed - retaining audio file: $audio_file\n" if $audio_ok;
		main::logger "ERROR: Conversion failed - retaining video file: $video_file\n" if $video_ok;
		return 'stop';
	}
	# Moving file into place as complete
	if ( ! move($prog->{filepart}, $prog->{filename}) ) {
		main::logger "ERROR: Could not rename file: $prog->{filepart}\n";
		main::logger "ERROR: Destination file name: $prog->{filename}\n";
		return 'stop';
	}

	return 0;
}

################### TV Programme class #################
package Programme::tv;

# Inherit from Programme::bbciplayer class
use base 'Programme::bbciplayer';
use Env qw[@PATH];
use Fcntl;
use File::Copy;
use File::Path;
use File::stat;
use HTML::Entities;
use HTML::Parser 3.71;
use HTTP::Cookies;
use HTTP::Headers;
use IO::Seekable;
use IO::Socket;
use JSON::PP;
use LWP::ConnCache;
use LWP::Protocol::https;
use LWP::UserAgent;
use POSIX qw(mkfifo strftime);
use strict;
use Time::Local;
use Time::Piece;
use URI;
use XML::LibXML 1.91;
use XML::LibXML::XPathContext;
use constant DEFAULT_THUMBNAIL => "https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/images/ic/1920xn/p01tqv8z.png";

# Class vars
sub index_min { return 1 }

sub index_max { return 29999 }

sub channels {
	return {
		'national' => {
			'bbc_one'			=> 'BBC One',
			'bbc_two'			=> 'BBC Two',
			'bbc_three'			=> 'BBC Three',
			'bbc_four'			=> 'BBC Four',
			'bbc_sport'		=> 'BBC Sport',
			'cbbc'				=> 'CBBC',
			'cbeebies'			=> 'CBeebies',
			'bbc_news'		=> 'BBC News',
			'bbc_news24'		=> 'BBC News',
			'bbc_parliament'	=> 'BBC Parliament',
			'bbc_webonly'		=> 'BBC Web Only',
		},
		'regional' => {
			'bbc_alba'			=> 'BBC Alba',
			's4cpbs'			=> 'S4C'
		}
	};
}

# channel ids be found on https://www.bbc.co.uk/bbcone/programmes/schedules/today
sub channels_schedule {
	return {
		'national' => {
			'p00fzl6b' => 'BBC Four', # bbcfour/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl6g' => 'BBC News', # bbcnews/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl73' => 'BBC Parliament', # bbcparliament/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl95' => 'BBC Three', # bbcthree/programmes/schedules
			'p015pksy' => 'BBC Two', # bbctwo/programmes/schedules/hd
			'p00fzl9r' => 'CBBC', # cbbc/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl9s' => 'CBeebies', # cbeebies/programmes/schedules
		},
		'regional' => {
			'p00fzl67' => 'BBC Alba', # bbcalba/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl6q' => 'BBC One Northern Ireland', # bbcone/programmes/schedules/ni
			'p00zskxc' => 'BBC One Northern Ireland', # bbcone/programmes/schedules/ni_hd
			'p00fzl6v' => 'BBC One Scotland', # bbcone/programmes/schedules/scotland
			'p013blmc' => 'BBC One Scotland', # bbcone/programmes/schedules/scotland_hd
			'p00fzl6z' => 'BBC One Wales', # bbcone/programmes/schedules/wales
			'p013bkc7' => 'BBC One Wales', # bbcone/programmes/schedules/wales_hd
			'p06kvypx' => 'BBC Scotland', # bbcscotland/programmes/schedules
			'p06p396y' => 'BBC Scotland', # bbcscotland/programmes/schedules/hd
			'p00fzl97' => 'BBC Two England', # bbctwo/programmes/schedules/england
			'p00fzl99' => 'BBC Two Northern Ireland', # bbctwo/programmes/schedules/ni
			'p06ngcbm' => 'BBC Two Northern Ireland', # bbctwo/programmes/schedules/ni_hd
			'p00fzl9d' => 'BBC Two Wales', # bbctwo/programmes/schedules/wales
			'p06ngc52' => 'BBC Two Wales', # bbctwo/programmes/schedules/wales_hd
			'p020dmkf' => 'S4C', # s4c/programmes/schedules
		},
		'local' => {
			'p00fzl6h' => 'BBC One Cambridgeshire', # bbcone/programmes/schedules/cambridge
			'p00fzl6j' => 'BBC One Channel Islands', # bbcone/programmes/schedules/channel_islands
			'p00fzl6k' => 'BBC One East', # bbcone/programmes/schedules/east
			'p00fzl6l' => 'BBC One East Midlands', # bbcone/programmes/schedules/east_midlands
			'p00fzl6m' => 'BBC One Yorks & Lincs', # bbcone/programmes/schedules/east_yorkshire
			'p00fzl6p' => 'BBC One London', # bbcone/programmes/schedules/london
			'p00fzl6r' => 'BBC One North East & Cumbria', # bbcone/programmes/schedules/north_east
			'p00fzl6s' => 'BBC One North West', # bbcone/programmes/schedules/north_west
			'p00fzl6t' => 'BBC One Oxfordshire', # bbcone/programmes/schedules/oxford
			'p00fzl6w' => 'BBC One South', # bbcone/programmes/schedules/south
			'p00fzl6x' => 'BBC One South East', # bbcone/programmes/schedules/south_east
			'p00fzl6y' => 'BBC One South West', # bbcone/programmes/schedules/south_west
			'p00fzl70' => 'BBC One West', # bbcone/programmes/schedules/west
			'p00fzl71' => 'BBC One West Midlands', # bbcone/programmes/schedules/west_midlands
			'p00fzl72' => 'BBC One Yorkshire', # bbcone/programmes/schedules/yorkshire
		},
	};
}

# Class cmdline Options
sub opt_format {
	return {
		commandtv	=> [ 1, "commandtv|command-tv=s", 'Output', '--command-tv <command>', "User command to run after successful recording of TV programme. Use substitution parameters in command string (see docs for list). Overrides --command."],
		fps25		=> [ 1, "tvlbr|tvlowerbitrate|tv-lower-bitrate!", 'Recording', '--tv-lower-bitrate, --tvlbr', "Prefer 25fps (or lower-bitrate 50fps) streams for TV programmes if available."],
		outputtv	=> [ 1, "outputtv|output-tv=s", 'Output', '--output-tv <dir>', "Output directory for tv recordings (overrides --output)"],
		tvmode		=> [ 0, "tvquality|tv-quality|vquality=s", 'Recording', '--tv-quality <quality>,<quality>,...', "TV recording quality preference (overrides --quality): fhd,hd,sd,web,mobile,default (Aliases: 1080p,720p,540p,396p,288p). Comma-delimited list in descending order of preference. Default: hd,sd,web,mobile"],
	};
}

# Method to return optional list_entry format
sub optional_list_entry_format {
	my $prog = shift;
	my @format;
	for ( qw/ channel pid / ) {
		push @format, $prog->{$_} if defined $prog->{$_};
	}
	return ', '.join ', ', @format;
}

# Usage: Programme::tv->get_links( \%prog, 'tv' );
# Uses: %{ channels_schedule() }, \%prog
sub get_links {
	my $self = shift; # ignore obj ref
	my $prog = shift;
	my $prog_type = shift;
	my $mra = shift;
	my $now = shift || time();
	my $rc = 0;
	$rc = $self->get_links_schedule($prog, $prog_type, 0, $mra, $now);
	return 1 if $rc && $opt->{refreshabortonerror};
	if ( $opt->{refreshfuture} ) {
		$rc = $self->get_links_schedule($prog, $prog_type, 1, $mra, $now);
		return 1 if $rc && $opt->{refreshabortonerror};
	}
	main::logger "\n";
	return 0;
}

# get cache info for programmes from schedule
sub get_links_schedule {
	my $self = shift;
	my $prog = shift;
	my $prog_type = shift;
	my $future = shift;
	my $mra = shift;
	my $now = shift || time();
	my @schedule_dates;
	my ($timepiece, $stop);
	my $one_week = 7 * 86400;
	my $limit = 0;
	if ( $future ) {
		$timepiece = Time::Piece::gmtime($now);
		$stop = Time::Piece::gmtime($now + 2 * $one_week);
	} else {
		my $limit_min = $now - ( 30 * 86400 );
		unless ( $opt->{cacherebuild} ) {
			my $limit_days = $opt->{"refreshlimit".${prog_type}} || $opt->{"refreshlimit"};
			if ( $limit_days ) {
				$limit = $now - ($limit_days * 86400);
			} else {
				if ( $mra ) {
					$limit = $mra;
				} else {
					my $cache_file = File::Spec->catfile($profile_dir, "${prog_type}.cache");
					my $cache_time;
					if ( -f $cache_file ) {
						$cache_time = stat($cache_file)->mtime;
					}
					if ( $cache_time ) {
						$limit = $cache_time;
					} else {
						$limit = $limit_min;
					}
				}
			}
		}
		my $overlap = $opt->{expiry} || $self->expiry() || 14400;
		$limit -= $overlap;
		$limit = $limit_min if $limit < $limit_min;
		my $limit_str = strftime('%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S+00:00', gmtime($limit));
		main::logger("INFO: Cache refresh limit ($prog_type): $limit_str\n") if $opt->{verbose};
		$timepiece = Time::Piece::gmtime($limit);
		$stop = Time::Piece::gmtime($now + $one_week);
	}
	my $iso8601_year_diff;
	while ( $timepiece->week != $stop->week ) {
		$iso8601_year_diff = int($timepiece->mon == 12 && $timepiece->week == 1);
		$iso8601_year_diff = -1 if $timepiece->mon == 1 && $timepiece->week > 51;
		push @schedule_dates, sprintf("%04d/w%02d", $timepiece->year + $iso8601_year_diff, $timepiece->week);
		$timepiece += $one_week;
	}
	return unless @schedule_dates;
	my %channels = %{ main::progclass($prog_type)->channels_filtered( main::progclass($prog_type)->channels_schedule() ) };
	my @channel_list = sort keys %channels;
	if ( ! $opt->{noindexconcurrent} ) {
		eval "use Mojo::UserAgent";
		if ( $@ ) {
			main::logger "WARNING: Please download and run latest installer or install the Mojolicious Perl module for concurrent indexing of $prog_type programmes.\n";
			main::logger "ERROR: Failed to load Mojo::UserAgent:\n$@" if $opt->{verbose};
		} else {
			main::logger "\nINFO: Indexing $prog_type programme schedules".($future ? " [future]\n" : "\n");
			my @mojo_urls;
			my %mojo_channel_ids;
			my %mojo_channels;
			for my $channel_id ( @channel_list ) {
				for my $schedule_date ( @schedule_dates ) {
					my $mojo_url = "https://www.bbc.co.uk/schedules/${channel_id}/${schedule_date}";
					push @mojo_urls, $mojo_url;
					$mojo_channel_ids{$mojo_url} = $channel_id;
					$mojo_channels{$mojo_url} = $channels{$channel_id};
				}
			}
			my $rc = $self->get_links_schedule_mojo($prog, $prog_type, $future, $limit, $now, \@mojo_urls, \%mojo_channel_ids, \%mojo_channels);
			if ( $rc ) {
				return 1 if $opt->{refreshabortonerror};
			}
			return;
		}
		return;
	}
	my $ua = main::create_ua( 'desktop', 1 );
	$ua->timeout(60);
	main::logger "\nINFO: Indexing $prog_type programme schedules (fallback)".($future ? " [future]\n" : "\n");
	for my $channel_id ( @channel_list ) {
		for my $schedule_date ( @schedule_dates ) {
			my ($url, $rc);
			$url = "https://www.bbc.co.uk/schedules/${channel_id}/${schedule_date}";
			$rc = $self->get_links_schedule_lwp($ua, $prog, $prog_type, $channel_id, $channels{$channel_id}, $future, $url, $limit, $now);
			if ( $rc ) {
				return 1 if $opt->{refreshabortonerror};
				next;
			}
		}
	}
}

# get cache info from schedule html with Mojolicious
sub get_links_schedule_mojo {
	my $self = shift;
	my $prog = shift;
	my $prog_type = shift;
	my $future = shift;
	my $limit = shift;
	my $now = shift || time();
	my $urls = shift;
	my $channel_ids = shift;
	my $channels = shift;
	return 1 unless @$urls;

	my $retries = 3;
	my %attempts;
	my $rc_mojo;
	my $max_conn = $opt->{indexmaxconn} || 5;
	# sync Mojo::UserAgent certificate verification with LWP
	unless ( $ENV{MOJO_CA_FILE} || $ENV{MOJO_INSECURE} ) {
		my %ssl_opts;
		eval {
			%ssl_opts = LWP::Protocol::create("https", LWP::UserAgent->new)->_extra_sock_opts;
		};
		if ( $@ ) {
			main::logger "WARNING: Failed to load LWP SSL options with LWP::Protocol::https:\n$@" if $opt->{verbose};
		} else {
			my $verify_mode = $ssl_opts{SSL_verify_mode};
			my $ca_file = $ssl_opts{SSL_ca_file};
			if ( $opt->{verbose} ) {
				main::logger "DEBUG: LWP verify mode: $verify_mode\n";
				main::logger "DEBUG: LWP CA file: $ca_file\n";
			}
			if ( $verify_mode ) {
				if ( -f $ca_file ) {
					$ENV{MOJO_CA_FILE} = $ca_file;
				} else {
					main::logger "WARNING: LWP CA file not found: $ca_file\n" if $opt->{verbose};
				}
			} else {
				$ENV{MOJO_INSECURE} = 1;
			}
		}
	}
	my $ua = Mojo::UserAgent->new(max_redirects => 7);
	if ( $opt->{verbose} ) {
		if ( $ua->can('insecure') ) {
			main::logger "DEBUG: Mojo::UserAgent insecure: ".($ua->insecure)."\n";
		}
		main::logger "DEBUG: Mojo::UserAgent CA file: ".($ua->ca)."\n";
	}
	$ua->transactor->name(main::user_agent());
	$ua->connect_timeout(60);
	$ua->inactivity_timeout(60);
	if ( $opt->{proxy} && $opt->{proxy} !~ /^prepend:/ && ! $opt->{partialproxy} ) {
		$ua->proxy->http($opt->{proxy})->https($opt->{proxy});
	}

	my $sig_int = $SIG{INT};
	local $SIG{INT} = sub {
		undef $ua;
		$sig_int->(shift) if ref $sig_int eq 'CODE';
	};

	my $get_callback = sub {
		my (undef, $tx) = @_;
		my $tx0 = $tx;
		while ( $tx0->previous ) {
			$tx0 = $tx0->previous;
		}
		my $url = $tx0->req->url;
		my $channel_id = $channel_ids->{$url};
		my $channel = $channels->{$url};
		my $html = $tx->res->text;
		unless ( $tx->res->code >= 200 && $tx->res->code < 300 && $html =~ /\w/ ) {
			my $errmsg;
 			if ( my $err = $tx->error ) {
				if ( ref($err) eq 'HASH') {
					if ( $err->{code} ) {
						$errmsg = "Response: $err->{code} $err->{message}";
					} else {
						$errmsg = "Connection error: $err->{message}";
					}
				} else {
					$errmsg = $err;
				}
			}
			if ( $attempts{$url} < $retries ) {
				if ( $opt->{verbose} ) {
					main::logger "\nWARNING: Failed to download $channel schedule page ($attempts{$url}/$retries): $url\n";
					main::logger "WARNING: $errmsg\n" if $errmsg;
					main::logger "INFO: Retrying download of $channel schedule page: $url\n";
				}
				unshift @$urls, $url;
			} else {
				main::logger "\nERROR: Failed to download $channel schedule page ($attempts{$url}/$retries): $url\n";
				main::logger "ERROR: $errmsg\n" if $errmsg;
				$rc_mojo = 1;
			}
			return;
		} else {
			main::logger ".";
		}
		my $rc = $self->get_links_schedule_json($html, $prog, $prog_type, $channel_id, $channel, $future, $limit, $now, $url);
		if ( $rc ) {
			main::logger "\nWARNING: Failed to parse $channel schedule page (JSON): $url\n" if $opt->{verbose};
			$rc = $self->get_links_schedule_html($html, $prog, $prog_type, $channel_id, $channel, $future, $limit, $now, $url);
			if ( $rc ) {
				if ( $opt->{verbose} ) {
					main::logger "\nWARNING: Failed to parse $channel schedule page (HTML): $url\n";
				} else {
					main::logger "\nWARNING: Failed to parse $channel schedule page: $url\n";
				}
				$rc_mojo = 1;
			}
		}
	};
	my $promise;
	my $delay;
	my $use_delay;
	eval {
		$promise = Mojo::Promise->new;
	};
	if ( $@ ) {
		main::logger "DEBUG: Mojo::Promise not available, using Mojo::IOLoop->delay\n" if $opt->{verbose};
		$delay = Mojo::IOLoop->delay;
		$use_delay = 1;
	}
	my $count = 0;
	my $fetch;
	$fetch = sub {
		return unless my $url = shift @$urls;
		return if ( $rc_mojo && $opt->{refreshabortonerror} );
		my $end;
		if ( $use_delay ) {
			$end = $delay->begin;
		}
		$attempts{$url}++;
		main::logger "\nINFO: Downloading $channels->{$url} schedule page ($attempts{$url}/$retries): $url\n" if $opt->{verbose};
		$ua->get($url => sub {
			my ($ua, $tx) = @_;
			unless ( $rc_mojo && $opt->{refreshabortonerror} ) {
				$get_callback->($ua, $tx);
				$fetch->();
			}
			if ( $use_delay ) {
				$end->();
			} else {
				$promise->resolve if --$count == 0;
			}
		});
		$count++;
	};
	$fetch->() for 1 .. $max_conn;
	if ( $use_delay ) {
		$delay->wait;
	} else {
		$promise->wait;
	}
	undef $ua;
	return 1 if $rc_mojo;
}

# get cache info from schedule html
sub get_links_schedule_lwp {
	my $self = shift;
	my $ua = shift;
	my $prog = shift;
	my $prog_type = shift;
	my $channel_id = shift;
	my $channel = shift;
	my $future = shift;
	my $url = shift;
	my $limit = shift;
	my $now = shift || time();
	my $rc_lwp;
	main::logger "\nINFO: Downloading $channel schedule page: $url\n" if $opt->{verbose};
	my $html = main::request_url_retry($ua, $url, 3, '.', "Failed to download $channel schedule page");
	return 1 unless $html;
	my $rc = $self->get_links_schedule_json($html, $prog, $prog_type, $channel_id, $channel, $future, $limit, $now, $url);
	if ( $rc ) {
		main::logger "\nWARNING: Failed to parse $channel schedule page (JSON): $url\n" if $opt->{verbose};
		$rc = $self->get_links_schedule_html($html, $prog, $prog_type, $channel_id, $channel, $future, $limit, $now, $url);
		if ( $rc ) {
			if ( $opt->{verbose} ) {
				main::logger "\nWARNING: Failed to parse $channel schedule page (HTML): $url\n";
			} else {
				main::logger "\nWARNING: Failed to parse $channel schedule page: $url\n";
			}
			$rc_lwp = 1;
		}
	}
	return $rc_lwp;
}

sub get_links_schedule_html {
	my $self = shift;
	my $html = shift;
	my $prog = shift;
	my $prog_type = shift;
	my $channel_id = shift;
	my $channel = shift;
	my $future = shift;
	my $limit = shift;
	my $now = shift || time();
	my $url = shift;
	return 1 unless $html;
	my $cache_channel = $channel;
	if ( $prog_type eq "tv" ) {
		# collapse BBC One/Two variants
		$cache_channel =~ s/(BBC (One|Two)).*/$1/;
	}
	my $thirty_days = 30 * 86400;
	my $min_available = $limit || ( $now - $thirty_days );
	my $dom = XML::LibXML->load_html(string => $html, recover => 1, suppress_errors => 1);
	my @entries = $dom->findnodes('//li[contains(@class,"week-guide__table__item")]');
	main::logger "\n".(@entries ? "INFO" : "WARNING").": Got ".($#entries + 1)." programmes for $channel schedule page (HTML): $url\n" if $opt->{verbose} || ! @entries;
	return 1 unless @entries;
	foreach my $entry (@entries) {
		my ( $name, $episode, $episodenum, $seriesnum, $desc, $pid, $available, $expires, $duration, $web, $thumbnail );
		my ($available_str, $until_str);
		my $pid = $entry->findvalue('.//div[contains(@class,"programme--episode")]/@data-pid');
		next unless $pid;
		my $available_str = $entry->findvalue('.//*[contains(@class,"broadcast__time")]/@content');
		$available = Programme::get_time_string( $available_str );
		my $end_date = $entry->findvalue('.//meta[@property="endDate"]/@content');
		if ( $end_date ) {
			my $finish = Programme::get_time_string( $end_date );
			if ( $finish ) {
				$duration = $finish - $available;
				$available_str = $end_date;
				$available = $finish;
			}
		}
		next unless $available_str;
		next if $available < $min_available;
		next if ! $future && $available > $now;
		next if $future && $available <= $now;
		$expires = $available + $thirty_days;
		if ( defined $prog->{$pid} ) {
			main::logger "WARNING: '$pid, $prog->{$pid}->{name} - $prog->{$pid}->{episode}, $prog->{$pid}->{channel}' already exists (this channel = $channel $available)\n" if $opt->{verbose};
			# use listing with earliest availability
			if ( $prog->{$pid}->{available} && $available_str lt $prog->{$pid}->{available} ) {
				$prog->{$pid}->{available} = $available_str;
			}
			# use listing with latest expiry
			if ( $prog->{$pid}->{expires} && $expires > $prog->{$pid}->{expires} ) {
				$prog->{$pid}->{expires} = $expires;
			}
			next;
		}
		$desc = $entry->findvalue('.//p[contains(@class,"programme__synopsis")]/span');
		$desc =~ s/[\r\n]/ /g;
		my @title_nodes = $entry->findnodes('.//*[contains(@class,"programme__titles")]//span/span');
		my @titles = map {$_->findvalue('.')} @title_nodes;
		if ( $#titles == 2 ) {
			$name = "$titles[0]: $titles[1]";
			$episode = $titles[2];
		} elsif ( $#titles == 1 ) {
			$name = $titles[0];
			$episode = $titles[1];
		} elsif ( $#titles == 0 ) {
			$name = $titles[0];
			$episode = "-";
		}
		$episodenum = $entry->findvalue('.//p[contains(@class,"programme__synopsis")]/abbr/span[@datatype="xsd:int"]');
		if ( ! $episodenum ) {
			# Extract the episode num
			my $regex_1 = '(?:Episode|Pennod)\s+'.main::regex_numbers();
			my $regex_2 = '^'.main::regex_numbers().'\.\s+';
			if ( $episode =~ m{$regex_1}i ) {
				$episodenum = main::convert_words_to_number( $1 );
			} elsif ( $episode =~ m{$regex_2}i ) {
				$episodenum = main::convert_words_to_number( $1 );
			}
		}
		# Extract the seriesnum
		my $regex = '(?:Series|Cyfres|Season)\s+'.main::regex_numbers();
		$seriesnum = main::convert_words_to_number( $1 ) if "$name $episode" =~ m{$regex}i;
		# /programmes page
		$web = "https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/${pid}";
		$thumbnail = DEFAULT_THUMBNAIL;
		$thumbnail =~ s!/\d+xn/!/192xn/!;
		# build data structure
		decode_entities($name);
		decode_entities($episode);
		decode_entities($desc);
		$name =~ s/\|/-/g;
		$episode =~ s/\|/-/g;
		$desc =~ s/\|/-/g;
		$prog->{$pid} = main::progclass($prog_type)->new(
			'pid'		=> $pid,
			'name'		=> $name,
			'episode'	=> $episode,
			'seriesnum'	=> $seriesnum,
			'episodenum'	=> $episodenum,
			'desc'		=> $desc,
			'duration'	=> $duration,
			'channel'	=> $cache_channel,
			'type'		=> $prog_type,
			'web'		=> $web,
			'available' => $available_str,
			'expires' => $expires,
			'thumbnail'	=> $thumbnail,
		);
	}
}

sub get_links_schedule_json {
	my $self = shift;
	my $html = shift;
	my $prog = shift;
	my $prog_type = shift;
	my $channel_id = shift;
	my $channel = shift;
	my $future = shift;
	my $limit = shift;
	my $now = shift || time();
	my $url = shift;
	return 1 unless $html;
	my $cache_channel = $channel;
	if ( $prog_type eq "tv" ) {
		# collapse BBC One/Two variants
		$cache_channel =~ s/(BBC (One|Two)).*/$1/;
	}
	my $thirty_days = 30 * 86400;
	my $min_available = $limit || ( $now - $thirty_days );
	my $dom = XML::LibXML->load_html(string => $html, recover => 1, suppress_errors => 1);
	my @scripts = $dom->findnodes('//script[contains(@type,"application/ld+json")]');
	my $blob;
	for my $script ( @scripts ) {
		if ( $script->findvalue('.') =~ /\@graph/ ) {
			$blob = $script->findvalue('.');
			last;
		}
	}
	return 1 unless $blob =~ /\w/;
	my $json = eval { decode_json($blob) };
	return 1 if $@ || ! $json;
	my $graph = $json->{'@graph'};
	my @entries = @{$graph} if $graph;
	main::logger "\n".(@entries ? "INFO" : "WARNING").": Got ".($#entries + 1)." programmes for $channel schedule page (JSON): $url\n" if $opt->{verbose} || ! @entries;
	return 1 unless @entries;
	for my $entry ( @entries ) {
		my ( $name, $episode, $episodenum, $seriesnum, $desc, $pid, $available, $expires, $duration, $web, $thumbnail );
		my ($available_str, $until_str);
		my $pid = $entry->{identifier};
		next unless $pid;
		my $available_str = $entry->{publication}->{startDate};
		$available = Programme::get_time_string( $available_str );
		my $end_date = $entry->{publication}->{endDate};
		if ( $end_date ) {
			my $finish = Programme::get_time_string( $end_date );
			if ( $finish ) {
				$duration = $finish - $available;
				$available_str = $end_date;
				$available = $finish;
			}
		}
		next unless $available_str;
		next if $available < $min_available;
		next if ! $future && $available > $now;
		next if $future && $available <= $now;
		$expires = $available + $thirty_days;
		if ( defined $prog->{$pid} ) {
			main::logger "WARNING: '$pid, $prog->{$pid}->{name} - $prog->{$pid}->{episode}, $prog->{$pid}->{channel}' already exists (this channel = $channel $available)\n" if $opt->{debug};
			# use listing with earliest availability
			if ( $prog->{$pid}->{available} && $available_str lt $prog->{$pid}->{available} ) {
				$prog->{$pid}->{available} = $available_str;
			}
			# use listing with latest expiry
			if ( $prog->{$pid}->{expires} && $expires > $prog->{$pid}->{expires} ) {
				$prog->{$pid}->{expires} = $expires;
			}
			next;
		}
		$desc = $entry->{description};
		$desc =~ s/[\r\n]/ /g;
		my @titles = grep /\w/, ($entry->{partOfSeries}->{name}, $entry->{partOfSeason}->{name}, $entry->{name});
		if ( $#titles == 2 ) {
			$name = "$titles[0]: $titles[1]";
			$episode = $titles[2];
		} elsif ( $#titles == 1 ) {
			$name = $titles[0];
			$episode = $titles[1];
		} elsif ( $#titles == 0 ) {
			$name = $titles[0];
			$episode = "-";
		}
		$episodenum = $entry->{episodeNumber};
		if ( ! $episodenum ) {
			# Extract the episode num
			my $regex_1 = '(?:Episode|Pennod)\s+'.main::regex_numbers();
			my $regex_2 = '^'.main::regex_numbers().'\.\s+';
			if ( $episode =~ m{$regex_1}i ) {
				$episodenum = main::convert_words_to_number( $1 );
			} elsif ( $episode =~ m{$regex_2}i ) {
				$episodenum = main::convert_words_to_number( $1 );
			}
		}
		# Extract the seriesnum
		$seriesnum = $entry->{partOfSeason}->{position};
		if ( ! $seriesnum ) {
			my $regex = '(?:Series|Cyfres|Season)\s+'.main::regex_numbers();
			$seriesnum = main::convert_words_to_number( $1 ) if "$name $episode" =~ m{$regex}i;
		}
		# /programmes page
		$web = "https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/${pid}";
		$thumbnail = $entry->{image} || $entry->{partOfSeries}->{image};
		$thumbnail ||= DEFAULT_THUMBNAIL;
		$thumbnail =~ s!/\d+xn/!/192xn/!;
		# build data structure
		decode_entities($name);
		decode_entities($episode);
		decode_entities($desc);
		$name =~ s/\|/-/g;
		$episode =~ s/\|/-/g;
		$desc =~ s/\|/-/g;
		$prog->{$pid} = main::progclass($prog_type)->new(
			'pid'		=> $pid,
			'name'		=> $name,
			'episode'	=> $episode,
			'seriesnum'	=> $seriesnum,
			'episodenum'	=> $episodenum,
			'desc'		=> $desc,
			'duration'	=> $duration,
			'channel'	=> $cache_channel,
			'type'		=> $prog_type,
			'web'		=> $web,
			'available' => $available_str,
			'expires' => $expires,
			'thumbnail'	=> $thumbnail,
		);
	}
}

# Usage: download (<prog>, <ua>, <mode>, <version>, <version_pid>)
sub download {
	my ( $prog, $ua, $mode, $version, $version_pid ) = ( @_ );

	if ( ! $opt->{raw} ) {
		$prog->ffmpeg_init();
		# require ffmpeg for HLS
		if ( $mode =~ /^hls/ && ! $opt->{raw} && ! main::exists_in_path('ffmpeg') ) {
			main::logger "WARNING: Required ffmpeg utility not found - not converting .ts file(s)\n";
			$opt->{raw} = 1;
		}
		# cannot convert hvf with avconv or ffmpeg < 2.5
		if ( $mode =~ /^hls/ && $prog->{type} eq "tv" && ! $opt->{raw} ) {
			if ( $opt->{myffmpegav} ) {
				main::logger "WARNING: avconv does not support conversion of HLS downloads to MP4 - not converting .ts file\n";
				$opt->{raw} = 1;
			} elsif ( $opt->{myffmpegxx} ) {
				main::logger "WARNING: Unable to determine ffmpeg version - MP4 conversion for HLS downloads may fail\n";
			} elsif ( ! $opt->{myffmpeg25} ) {
				main::logger "WARNING: Your version of ffmpeg ($opt->{myffmpegversion}) does not support conversion of HLS downloads to MP4 - not converting .ts file\n";
				$opt->{raw} = 1;
			}
			if ( $opt->{myffmpegav} || $opt->{myffmpegxx} || ! $opt->{myffmpeg25} ) {
				main::logger "WARNING: ffmpeg 2.5 or higher is required to convert HLS downloads to MP4\n";
				main::logger "WARNING: Use --raw to bypass MP4 conversion and retain .ts file\n";
				main::logger "WARNING: Use --ffmpeg-force to override checks and force MP4 conversion attempt\n";
			}
		}
		# require ffmpeg for DASH
		if ( $mode =~ /^dash/ && ( ! $opt->{raw} || $opt->{mpegts} ) && ! main::exists_in_path('ffmpeg') ) {
			main::logger "WARNING: Required ffmpeg utility not found - not converting .m4a and .m4v files\n";
			$opt->{raw} = 1;
			delete $opt->{mpegts};
		}
		# cannot convert dvf with avconv or ffmpeg < 3.0
		if ( $mode =~ /^dash/ && $prog->{type} eq "tv" && ( ! $opt->{raw} || $opt->{mpegts} ) ) {
			if ( $opt->{myffmpegav} ) {
				main::logger "WARNING: avconv does not support conversion of MPEG-DASH downloads to MPEG-TS/MP4 - not converting .m4a and .m4v files\n";
				$opt->{raw} = 1;
				delete $opt->{mpegts};
			} elsif ( $opt->{myffmpegxx} ) {
				main::logger "WARNING: Unable to determine ffmpeg version - MPEG-TS/MP4 conversion for MPEG-DASH downloads may fail\n";
			} elsif ( ! $opt->{myffmpeg30} ) {
				main::logger "WARNING: Your version of ffmpeg ($opt->{myffmpegversion}) does not support conversion of MPEG-DASH downloads to MPEG-TS/MP4 - not converting .m4a and .m4v files\n";
				$opt->{raw} = 1;
				delete $opt->{mpegts};
			}
			if ( $opt->{myffmpegav} || $opt->{myffmpegxx} || ! $opt->{myffmpeg30} ) {
				main::logger "WARNING: ffmpeg 3.0 or higher is required to convert MPEG-DASH downloads to MPEG-TS/MP4\n";
				main::logger "WARNING: Use --raw to bypass MPEG-TS/MP4 conversion and retain .m4a and .m4v files\n";
				main::logger "WARNING: Use --ffmpeg-force to override checks and force MPEG-TS/MP4 conversion attempt\n";
			}
		}
	}

	# Determine the correct filenames for this recording
	if ( my $rc = $prog->generate_filenames( $ua, $prog->file_prefix_format(), $mode, $version ) ) {
		return 'stop' if $rc == 3;
		return 'skip';
	}

	# Create dir for prog
	if ( ! ( $opt->{nowrite} || $opt->{test} ) ) {
		$prog->create_dir();
	}

	# Skip from here if we are only testing recordings
	return 'skip' if $opt->{test};

	# check subtitles if required
	if ( $opt->{subtitles} && $prog->{type} eq 'tv' && $opt->{subsrequired} ) {
		if ( ! $prog->subtitles_available( [ $version ] ) ) {
			main::logger "WARNING: Subtitles not available and --subtitles-required specified.\n";
			return 'skip';
		}
	}

	my $return = 0;
	# Only get the stream if we are writing a file
	if ( ! $opt->{nowrite} ) {
		# set mode
		$prog->{mode} = $mode;
		$prog->{quality} = $prog->qualities_from_modes($mode);

		# Disable proxy here if required
		main::proxy_disable($ua) if $opt->{partialproxy};

		# Instantiate new streamer based on streamdata
		my $class = "Streamer::$prog->{streams}->{$version}->{$mode}->{streamer}";
		if ( ! $class->can('new') ) {
			main::logger "ERROR: Cannot instantiate streamer for class=$class version=$version mode=$mode\n";
			return 'skip';
		}
		my $stream = $class->new;

		# Do recording
		$return = $stream->get( $ua, $prog->{streams}->{$version}->{$mode}->{streamurl}, $prog, $version, %{ $prog->{streams}->{$version}->{$mode} } );

		# Re-enable proxy here if required
		main::proxy_enable($ua) if $opt->{partialproxy};
	}

	return $return;
}

sub subtitles_available {
	my ( $prog, $versions ) = @_;
	for my $version ( @$versions ) {
		my @subkeys = grep /subtitles/, sort keys %{$prog->{streams}->{$version}};
		for my $subkey ( @subkeys ) {
			my $suburl = $prog->{streams}->{$version}->{$subkey}->{streamurl};
			if ( $suburl ) {
				return 1;
			}
		}
	}
}

# BBC iPlayer TV
# Download Subtitles, convert to srt(SubRip) format and apply time offset
sub download_subtitles {
	my $prog = shift;
	my ( $ua, $file, $versions ) = @_;
	my $subs;
	my $found;
	my $dumped;
	my $converted;
	my $rc;

	# in case --subtitles used with --pid for radio programme
	return unless $prog->{type} eq "tv";

	# Don't redownload subs if the file already exists
	if ( -f $prog->{subsfile}  && ! $opt->{overwrite} ) {
		main::logger "WARNING: Subtitles file already exists: $prog->{subsfile}\n";
		main::logger "WARNING: Use --overwrite to re-download\n";
		return 0;
	}

	# Find subtitles stream
	for my $version ( @$versions ) {
		my @subkeys = grep /subtitles/, sort keys %{$prog->{streams}->{$version}};
		for my $subkey ( @subkeys ) {
			my $suburl = $prog->{streams}->{$version}->{$subkey}->{streamurl};
			if ( $suburl ) {
				$found = 1;
				main::logger "INFO: Downloading subtitles [$version]\n";
				$subs = main::request_url_retry($ua, $suburl, 3);
				if ($subs) {
					# Dump raw subs into a file if required
					if ( $opt->{subsraw} && ! $dumped ) {
						main::logger "INFO: Saving raw subtitles [$version]\n" if $opt->{verbose};
						unlink($prog->{subsraw});
						open( my $fhraw, "> $prog->{subsraw}");
						print $fhraw $subs;
						close $fhraw;
						$dumped = 1;
					}
					unless ( $converted ) {
						$rc = ttml_to_srt( $subs, $file, $opt->{subsmono}, $opt->{suboffset}, $opt->{mysubstart}, $opt->{mysubstop} );
						$converted = 1 unless $rc;
					}
				}
				last if $converted;
			}
		}
		last if $converted;
	}
	# Return if we have no url
	if (! $found) {
		my $vermsg = " for version(s): ".(join ',', @$versions) if @$versions;
		main::logger "INFO: Subtitles not available${vermsg}\n";
		return 2;
	}
	if (! $subs ) {
		main::logger "ERROR: Subtitles download failed\n";
		main::logger "ERROR: Use --subtitles-only to re-download\n";
		return 1;
	}
	if (! $converted) {
		main::logger "ERROR: Subtitles conversion to SRT failed\n";
		main::logger "ERROR: Use --subtitles-only to re-download\n";
		return $rc;
	}
}

sub ttml_to_srt {
	my $ttml = shift;
	my $srt = shift;
	my $mono = shift;
	my $offset = shift;
	my $start = shift;
	my $stop = shift;
	my $prefix = "\n- ";
	my $index = 0;
	my %hex_colors = (
		'black'   => '#000000',
		'blue'    => '#0000ff',
		'green'   => '#00ff00',
		'lime'    => '#00ff00',
		'aqua'    => '#00ffff',
		'cyan'    => '#00ffff',
		'red'     => '#ff0000',
		'fuchsia' => '#ff00ff',
		'magenta' => '#ff00ff',
		'yellow'  => '#ffff00',
		'white'   => '#ffffff'
	);
	use Text::Wrap qw(fill $columns $huge);
	$columns = $mono ? 39 : 37;
	$huge = 'overflow';
	$ttml =~ tr/\x00//d;
	my $dom;
	eval { $dom = XML::LibXML->load_xml(string => $ttml); };
	if ( $@ ) {
		main::logger "ERROR: Failed to load subtitles:\n$@";
		return 4;
	}
	my $xpc = XML::LibXML::XPathContext->new($dom);
	my ($doc) = $xpc->findnodes('/*');
	$xpc->registerNs('tt', $doc->namespaceURI());
	my @ns = $xpc->findnodes("/*/namespace::*");
	for my $ns (@ns) {
		if ( $ns->getLocalName() && $ns->getValue() ) {
			$xpc->registerNs($ns->getLocalName(), $ns->getValue());
		}
	}
	my $fps;
	eval { $fps = $xpc->findvalue('/*/@ttp:frameRate') };
	my %style_colors;
	foreach my $style ($xpc->findnodes('//tt:styling/tt:style')) {
		my $style_id = $style->findvalue('@xml:id');
		$style_id ||= $style->findvalue('@id');
		if ($style_id) {
			my $style_color;
			eval { $style_color = $style->findvalue('@tts:color') };
			if ($style_color) {
				if ($style_color =~ /^#/) {
					$style_colors{$style_id} = substr($style_color, 0, 7);
				} else {
					my $style_hex = $hex_colors{$style_color};
					if ($style_hex) {
						$style_colors{$style_id} = $style_hex;
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}
	my ($body) = $xpc->findnodes('//tt:body');
	my $body_style = $body->findvalue('@style');
	my $body_color = $style_colors{$body_style} || $hex_colors{'white'};
	$body_color = substr($body_color, 0, 7);
	my $curr_color = $body_color;
	open( my $fh, "> $srt" );
	for my $div ($xpc->findnodes('tt:div', $body)) {
		my $div_style = $div->findvalue('@style');
		my $div_color = $style_colors{$div_style} || $body_color;
		$div_color = substr($div_color, 0, 7);
		$curr_color = $div_color;
		for my $p ($xpc->findnodes('tt:p', $div)) {
			my (@times, @ts);
			for my $key ('begin', 'end') {
				my $val = $p->findvalue("\@$key");
				my @parts = split /:/, $val;
				if ( $#parts == 3 ) {
					my $frames = pop @parts;
					if ( $fps ) {
						my $fraction = $frames / $fps;
						$parts[$#parts] += $fraction;
					}
				}
				(my $time = sprintf( '%02d:%02d:%06.3f', @parts )) =~ s/\./,/;
				push @times, $time;
			}
			my ($begin, $end) = @times;
			next unless $begin && $end;
			$begin = main::subtitle_offset( $begin, $offset, $start, $stop );
			$end = main::subtitle_offset( $end, $offset, $start, $stop );
			next unless $begin && $end;
			my $text;
			my $p_color;
			my $p_style = $p->findvalue('@style');
			if ($p_style) {
				$p_color = $style_colors{$p_style};
			} else {
				eval { $p_color = $p->findvalue('@tts:color') };
			}
			if ( $p_color && $p_color !~ /^#/ ) {
				$p_color = $hex_colors{$p_color};
			}
			$p_color = substr($p_color, 0, 7);
			$p_color ||= $div_color;
			for my $p_child ($p->childNodes) {
				if ($p_child->nodeName eq "br") {
					$text .= "\n";
				} elsif ($p_child->nodeName eq "#text") {
					my $p_text = $p_child->to_literal();
					if ($p_text =~ /\S/) {
						$p_text =~ s/(^\s{2,}|\s{2,}$)/ /g;
						if ($mono) {
							if ($p_color ne $curr_color) {
								$curr_color = $p_color;
								$text .= $prefix;
							}
							$text .= $p_text;
						} else {
							$text .= "<font color=\"$p_color\">$p_text</font>";
						}
					}
				} elsif ($p_child->nodeName eq "span") {
					my $span = $p_child;
					my $span_color;
					my $span_style = $span->findvalue('@style');
					if ($span_style) {
						$span_color = $style_colors{$span_style};
					} else {
						eval { $span_color = $span->findvalue('@tts:color') };
					}
					if ( $span_color && $span_color !~ /^#/ ) {
						$span_color = $hex_colors{$span_color};
					}
					$span_color = substr($span_color, 0, 7);
					$span_color ||= $p_color;
					for my $span_child ($span->childNodes) {
						if ($span_child->nodeName eq "br") {
							$text .= "\n";
						} elsif ($span_child->nodeName eq "#text") {
							my $span_text = $span_child->to_literal();
							if ($span_text =~ /\S/) {
								$span_text =~ s/(^\s{2,}|\s{2,}$)/ /g;
								if ($mono) {
									if ($span_color ne $curr_color) {
										$curr_color = $span_color;
										$text .= $prefix;
									}
									$text .= $span_text;
								} else {
									$text .= "<font color=\"$span_color\">$span_text</font>";
								}
							}
						}
					}
				}
			}
			if ($mono) {
				$text =~ s/\n([^-])/ $1/g;
				$text =~ s/\n-/\n\n-/g;
				$text = join("", fill('', '', $text));
			}
			$text =~ s/(^\s+|\s+$)//g;
			$text =~ s/\n{2,}/\n/g;
			print $fh ++$index."\n$begin --> $end\n$text\n\n";
		}
	}
	close $fh;
	if ( ! $index ) {
		main::logger "WARNING: Subtitles empty\n";
		return 3;
	}
	return 0;
}

################### Radio Programme class #################
package Programme::radio;

# Inherit from Programme::bbciplayer class
use base 'Programme::bbciplayer';
use Env qw[@PATH];
use Fcntl;
use File::Copy;
use File::Path;
use File::stat;
use HTML::Entities;
use HTTP::Cookies;
use HTTP::Headers;
use IO::Seekable;
use IO::Socket;
use LWP::ConnCache;
use LWP::UserAgent;
use POSIX qw(mkfifo);
use strict;
use Time::Local;
use URI;

# Class vars
sub index_min { return 30001 }

sub index_max { return 99999 };

# channel ids be found on https://www.bbc.co.uk/radio/stations
sub channels_schedule {
	return {
		'national' => {
			'p00fzl64' => 'BBC Radio 1Xtra', # 1xtra/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl7g' => 'BBC Radio 5 live', # 5live/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl7h' => 'BBC Radio 5 live sports extra', # 5livesportsextra/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl65' => 'BBC Radio 6 Music', # 6music/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl68' => 'BBC Asian Network', # asiannetwork/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl86' => 'BBC Radio 1', # radio1/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl8v' => 'BBC Radio 2', # radio2/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl8t' => 'BBC Radio 3', # radio3/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl7j' => 'BBC Radio 4', # radio4/programmes/schedules/fm
			'p00fzl7l' => 'BBC Radio 4 Extra', # radio4extra/programmes/schedules
			'p02zbmb3' => 'BBC World Service', # worldserviceradio/programmes/schedules/uk
			'p02jf21y' => 'CBeebies Radio', # cbeebies_radio/programmes/schedules
		},
		'regional' => {
			'p00fzl7b' => 'BBC Radio Cymru', # radiocymru/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl7m' => 'BBC Radio Foyle', # radiofoyle/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl81' => 'BBC Radio Nan Gaidheal', # radionangaidheal/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl8d' => 'BBC Radio Scotland', # radioscotland/programmes/schedules/fm
			'p00fzl8g' => 'BBC Radio Scotland', # radioscotland/programmes/schedules/mw
			'p00fzl8b' => 'BBC Radio Scotland', # radioscotland/programmes/schedules/orkney
			'p00fzl8j' => 'BBC Radio Scotland', # radioscotland/programmes/schedules/shetland
			'p00fzl8w' => 'BBC Radio Ulster', # radioulster/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl8y' => 'BBC Radio Wales', # radiowales/programmes/schedules/fm
			'p00fzl8x' => 'BBC Radio Wales', # radiowales/programmes/schedules/mw
		},
		'local' => {
			'p00fzl78' => 'BBC Coventry & Warwickshire', # bbccoventryandwarwickshire/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl7f' => 'BBC Essex', # bbcessex/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl7q' => 'BBC Hereford & Worcester', # bbcherefordandworcester/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl82' => 'BBC Newcastle', # bbcnewcastle/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl8m' => 'BBC Somerset', # bbcsomerset/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl8q' => 'BBC Surrey', # bbcsurrey/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl8r' => 'BBC Sussex', # bbcsussex/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl93' => 'BBC Tees', # bbctees/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl8z' => 'BBC Wiltshire', # bbcwiltshire/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl74' => 'BBC Radio Berkshire', # radioberkshire/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl75' => 'BBC Radio Bristol', # radiobristol/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl76' => 'BBC Radio Cambridgeshire', # radiocambridgeshire/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl77' => 'BBC Radio Cornwall', # radiocornwall/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl79' => 'BBC Radio Cumbria', # radiocumbria/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl7c' => 'BBC Radio Derby', # radioderby/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl7d' => 'BBC Radio Devon', # radiodevon/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl7n' => 'BBC Radio Gloucestershire', # radiogloucestershire/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl7p' => 'BBC Radio Guernsey', # radioguernsey/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl7r' => 'BBC Radio Humberside', # radiohumberside/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl7s' => 'BBC Radio Jersey', # radiojersey/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl7t' => 'BBC Radio Kent', # radiokent/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl7v' => 'BBC Radio Lancashire', # radiolancashire/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl7w' => 'BBC Radio Leeds', # radioleeds/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl7x' => 'BBC Radio Leicester', # radioleicester/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl7y' => 'BBC Radio Lincolnshire', # radiolincolnshire/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl6f' => 'BBC Radio London', # radiolondon/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl7z' => 'BBC Radio Manchester', # radiomanchester/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl80' => 'BBC Radio Merseyside', # radiomerseyside/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl83' => 'BBC Radio Norfolk', # radionorfolk/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl84' => 'BBC Radio Northampton', # radionorthampton/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl85' => 'BBC Radio Nottingham', # radionottingham/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl8c' => 'BBC Radio Oxford', # radiooxford/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl8h' => 'BBC Radio Sheffield', # radiosheffield/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl8k' => 'BBC Radio Shropshire', # radioshropshire/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl8l' => 'BBC Radio Solent', # radiosolent/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl8n' => 'BBC Radio Stoke', # radiostoke/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl8p' => 'BBC Radio Suffolk', # radiosuffolk/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl90' => 'BBC Radio York', # radioyork/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl96' => 'BBC Three Counties Radio', # threecountiesradio/programmes/schedules
			'p00fzl9f' => 'BBC WM 95.6', # wm/programmes/schedules
		},
	};
}

# Class cmdline Options
sub opt_format {
	return {
		commandradio	=> [ 1, "commandradio|command-radio=s", 'Output', '--command-radio <command>', "User command to run after successful recording of radio programme. Use substitution parameters in command string (see docs for list). Overrides --command."],
		outputradio	=> [ 1, "outputradio|output-radio=s", 'Output', '--output-radio <dir>', "Output directory for radio recordings (overrides --output)"],
		radiomode	=> [ 0, "radioquality|radio-quality|aquality=s", 'Recording', '--radio-quality <quality>,<quality>,...', "Radio recording quality preference (overrides --quality): high,std,med,low,default (Aliases: 320k,128k,96k,48k). Comma-delimited list in descending order of preference. Default: high,std,med,low."],
	};
}

# This gets run before the download retry loop if this class type is selected
sub init {
}

# Method to return optional list_entry format
sub optional_list_entry_format {
	my $prog = shift;
	my @format;
	for ( qw/ channel pid / ) {
		push @format, $prog->{$_} if defined $prog->{$_};
	}
	return ', '.join ', ', @format;
}

# Default minimum expected download size for a programme type
sub min_download_size {
	return 102400;
}

sub get_links {
	shift;
	# Delegate to Programme::tv (same function is used)
	return Programme::tv->get_links(@_);
}

sub download {
	# Delegate to Programme::tv (same function is used)
	return Programme::tv::download(@_);
}

sub subtitles_available {
	# Delegate to Programme::tv (same function is used)
	return Programme::tv::subtitles_available(@_);
}

sub download_subtitles {
	# Delegate to Programme::tv (same function is used)
	return Programme::tv::download_subtitles(@_);
}

################### Streamer class #################
package Streamer;

use File::stat;
use File::Basename;
use File::Copy;
use strict;
use Text::ParseWords;

# Class vars
# Global options
my $optref;
my $opt;

# Constructor
# Usage: $streamer = Streamer->new();
sub new {
	my $type = shift;
	my %params = @_;
	my $self = {};
	for (keys %params) {
		$self->{$_} = $params{$_};
	}
	# Ensure the subclass $opt var is pointing to the Superclass global optref
	$opt = $Streamer::optref;
	bless $self, $type;
}

# Use to bind a new options ref to the class global $optref var
sub add_opt_object {
	my $self = shift;
	$Streamer::optref = shift;
}

# $opt->{<option>} access method
sub opt {
	my $self = shift;
	my $optname = shift;
	return $opt->{$optname};
}

################### HLS Streamer class #################
package Streamer::hls;

# Inherit from Streamer class
use base 'Streamer';
use File::Basename;
use File::Copy;
use File::Path;
use File::Spec;
use File::stat;
use List::Util qw(max);
use strict;
use Text::ParseWords;
use URI;

sub opt_format {
	return {
		noresume	=> [ 1, "no-resume|noresume!", 'Recording', '--no-resume', "Do not resume partial HLS/DASH downloads."],
		noverify	=> [ 1, "no-verify|noverify!", 'Recording', '--no-verify', "Do not verify size of downloaded HLS/DASH file segments or file resize upon resume."],
	};
}

sub parse_playlist {
	my (undef, $ua, $url) = @_;
	my $playlist_url = $url;
	main::logger "DEBUG: HLS playlist URL: $playlist_url\n" if $opt->{verbose};
	# resolve playlist redirect
	for (my $i = 0; $i < 3; $i++) {
		my $request = HTTP::Request->new( HEAD => $playlist_url );
		my $response = $ua->request($request);
		if ( $response->is_success ) {
			if ( $response->previous ) {
				$playlist_url = $response->request->uri;
				main::logger "DEBUG: HLS playlist URL (actual): $playlist_url\n" if $opt->{verbose};
			}
			last;
		}
	}
	my $data = main::request_url_retry($ua, $playlist_url, 3, undef, "Failed to download HLS playlist", 1);
	return undef if ! $data;
	my @lines = split(/\r?\n/, $data);
	if ( @lines < 1 || $lines[0] ne '#EXTM3U' ) {
		main::logger "WARNING: Invalid HLS playlist (no header): $playlist_url\n";
		return undef;
	}
	my $sequence = 0;
	my $segment_duration = 0;
	my $segments;
	foreach my $line (@lines) {
		next if $line =~ /^\s*$/;
		next if $line =~ /^##/;
		if ($line =~ /^#EXT-X-MEDIA-SEQUENCE:(\d+)$/) {
			$sequence = $1;
		} elsif ($line =~ /^#EXTINF:([\d\.]+)/) {
			$segment_duration = $1;
		} elsif ($line !~ /^#/) {
			my $segment_url = $line;
			if ( $segment_url !~ /^http/ ) {
				($segment_url = $playlist_url) =~ s/[^\/]+\.m3u8/$line/;
			}
			$segments->{$sequence} = { 'url' => $segment_url, 'duration' => $segment_duration };
			$segment_duration = 0;
			$sequence++;
		} else {
			$segment_duration = 0;
		}
	}
	return $segments;
}

sub get {
	my ( $self, $ua, $url, $prog, $version, %streamdata ) = @_;
	my $rc;

	# media file
	my $media_type = $prog->{type} eq "tv" ? "video" : "audio";
	my $media_tmp = File::Spec->catfile($prog->{dir}, "$prog->{fileprefix}.${media_type}.ts");
	my $media_file = File::Spec->catfile($prog->{dir}, "$prog->{fileprefix}.hls.ts");
	my $media_raw = $prog->{filename};

	if ( $opt->{overwrite} ) {
		unlink $media_file;
	} else {
		if ( -f $media_file ) {
			main::logger "INFO: Using existing HLS $media_type file: $media_file\n";
			main::logger "INFO: Use --overwrite to re-download\n";
		}
	}

	unless ( -f $media_file ) {
		$streamdata{kind} = $prog->{type} eq "tv" ? "audio+video" : "audio";
		if ( $opt->{audioonly} && $url =~ /-video=\d+/ ) {
			$url =~ s/-video=\d+//;
			$streamdata{kind} = "audio";
			if ( $streamdata{audio_bitrate} ) {
				$streamdata{media_size} = undef;
				$streamdata{media_bitrate} = $streamdata{audio_bitrate};
			}
		}
		my $segments = $self->parse_playlist($ua, $url);
		if ( keys %{$segments} == 0 ) {
			main::logger "ERROR: No file segments in HLS playlist\n";
			main::logger "ERROR: HLS playlist URL: $url\n";
			return 'next';
		}
		$rc = $self->fetch( $ua, $segments, $media_tmp, $prog, %streamdata );
		return $rc if $rc;
		if ( ! move($media_tmp, $media_file) ) {
			main::logger "ERROR: Could not rename file: $media_tmp\n";
			main::logger "ERROR: Destination file name: $media_file\n";
			return 'skip';
		}
	}

	if ( $opt->{raw} ) {
		if ( ! move($media_file, $media_raw) ) {
			main::logger "ERROR: Could not rename file: $media_file\n";
			main::logger "ERROR: Destination file name: $media_raw\n";
			return 'skip';
		}
		return 0;
	}

	if ( $prog->{type} eq "tv" && ! $opt->{audioonly} ) {
		return $prog->postproc(undef, $media_file, $ua);
	} else {
		return $prog->postproc($media_file, undef, $ua);
	}
}

sub fetch {
	my ( $self, $ua, $segments, $file_tmp, $prog, %streamdata ) = @_;
	my $return;
	my $fh;
	my $rh;
	my $media_size = $streamdata{file_size};
	my $media_bitrate = $streamdata{media_bitrate} || $streamdata{bitrate};
	my $begin_time = time();
	my $begin_size = 0;
	my $percent = 0;
	my $size = 0;
	my $elapsed = 0;
	my $hash_count = 0;
	my $prev_percent = 0;
	my $prev_sequence = 0;
	my $prev_size = 0;
	my $prev_elapsed = 0;
	my $start_sequence = 0;
	my $start_elapsed = 0;
	my $stop_sequence = 0;
	my $stop_elapsed = 0;
	my $stop_elapsed_str = "--:--:--";
	my $resume_sequence = 0;
	my $resume_size = 0;
	my $resume_elapsed = 0;
	my $resume_begin = 0;
	my $curr_percent = 0;
	my $curr_sequence = 0;
	my $curr_size = 0;
	my $curr_elapsed = 0;
	my $curr_segment_url;
	my $total_duration = 0;
	my $file_duration = 0;
	my $file_size = 0;
	my $file_size_mb = 0;
	my $proxy_prefix;
	my $resuming = 0;
	my $retries = 3;
	my $hide_progress = main::hide_progress();
	my $crlf = ( $hide_progress || $opt->{logprogress} ) ? "\n" : "\r";
	my $noresume = $opt->{noresume};
	my $prog_mode = $streamdata{mode} || $prog->{mode};
	my $prog_kind = $streamdata{kind};
	my $rate_str;
	my $rate_percent;
	my $eta_str;
	my $prog_cdn;
	($prog_cdn = "$streamdata{type} ak ll bi cf") =~ s/^.*akamai(?=.*\b(ak)\b).*$|^.*limelight(?=.*\b(ll)\b).*$|^.*bidi(?=.*\b(bi)\b).*$|^.*cloudfront(?=.*\b(cf)\b).*$/$1$2$3$4/;
	$prog_cdn = "un" unless $prog_cdn =~ /^(ak|ll|bi|cf)$/;

	# LWP download callback
	my $callback = sub {
		my ($data, $res, undef) = @_;
		return 0 if ( ! $res->is_success || ! $res->header("Content-Length") );
		if ( ! print $fh $data ) {
			main::logger "ERROR: Cannot write to $file_tmp\n";
			exit 1;
		}
		$size = tell $fh;
		return if $opt->{quiet} || $opt->{silent};
		if ( $prog_mode =~ /fhd/ && $curr_sequence - $start_sequence > 0 ) {
			my $sequence_size = int($size / ($curr_sequence - $start_sequence));
			if ( $stop_sequence - $start_sequence > 0 ) {
				my $new_size = $sequence_size * ($stop_sequence - $start_sequence);
				if ( abs($new_size - $file_size) > 0.05 * $file_size ) {
					$file_size = $new_size;
					$file_size_mb = $file_size / 1000000.0;
				}
			}
		}
		$percent = $file_size ? 100.0 * $curr_size / $file_size : 0;
		# limit progress display to 99.9%
		if ( $percent > 99.9 ) {
			$curr_percent = 99.9;
			$curr_size = int($file_size * 0.999);
			$curr_elapsed = int($stop_elapsed * 0.999);
		} else {
			$curr_percent = $percent;
			$curr_size = $size;
			$curr_elapsed = $elapsed;
		}
		if ( ! $opt->{hash} && ! $opt->{logprogress} ) {
			return if ($curr_percent - $prev_percent) < 0.1;
		} else {
			return if ($curr_percent - $prev_percent) < 1;
		}
		$prev_percent = $curr_percent;
		my $curr_time = time();
		my $rate_time = max(1, ($curr_time - $begin_time));
		my $rate_size_b = max(0, ($curr_size - $begin_size));
		my $rate_size_mbit = $rate_size_b * 8.0 / 1000000.0;
		my $rate_b = $rate_size_b / $rate_time;
		my $rate_mbit = $rate_size_mbit / $rate_time;
		if ( $opt->{hash} ) {
			main::logger '#';
			$hash_count++;
			if ( ! ($hash_count % 100) ) {
				main::logger "\n";
			}
		} else {
			unless ( $hide_progress ) {
				if ($curr_time - $begin_time < 1) {
					$rate_str = '----.- Mb/s';
					$eta_str = '--:--:--';
				} else {
					if ( ($curr_percent - $rate_percent) >= 1.0 ) {
						$rate_percent = $curr_percent;
						$rate_str = sprintf("%6.1f Mb/s", $rate_mbit);
						$eta_str = sprintf("%02d:%02d:%02d", ( gmtime( max(0, ($file_size - $curr_size)) / $rate_b ) )[2,1,0] );
					}
				}
				if ( $opt->{verbose} ) {
					main::logger sprintf("%5.1f%% %8.2f MB / ~%.2f MB (%02d:%02d:%02d / %8s) [%5d / %d] @%s ETA: %s (%s/%s) [%s]${crlf}",
						$curr_percent,
						$curr_size / 1000000.0,
						$file_size_mb,
						(gmtime($curr_elapsed))[2,1,0],
						$stop_elapsed_str,
						$curr_sequence,
						$stop_sequence,
						$rate_str,
						$eta_str,
						$prog_mode,
						$prog_cdn,
						$prog_kind,
					);
				} else {
					main::logger sprintf("%5.1f%% of ~%.2f MB @%s ETA: %s (%s/%s) [%s]${crlf}",
						$curr_percent,
						$file_size_mb,
						$rate_str,
						$eta_str,
						$prog_mode,
						$prog_cdn,
						$prog_kind,
					);
				}
			}
		}
		if ( $opt->{throttle} > 0 ) {
			my $rate_time_min = $rate_size_mbit / $opt->{throttle};
			if ( $rate_time < $rate_time_min ) {
				my $rate_sleep = 1 + ($rate_time_min - $rate_time);
				sleep($rate_sleep);
			}
		}
	};

	# set up sequence list
	my @sequences = sort { $a <=> $b } keys %{$segments};
	my $min_sequence = $sequences[0];
	my $max_sequence = $sequences[$#sequences];
	my $init_sequence;
	if ( $segments->{$min_sequence}->{initialization} ) {
		# capture DASH init segment
		$init_sequence = $min_sequence;
		$min_sequence = $sequences[1];
	}

	# resume file
	my $resume_params = "$prog->{pid},$prog->{version},$prog->{modeshort},".($opt->{start} || 0).",".($opt->{stop} || 0);
	my $resume_prefix = fileparse($file_tmp, qr/\.[^.]+/);
	my $resume_file = File::Spec->catfile($prog->{dir}, $resume_prefix.".txt");

	# remove resume file with --no-resume
	unlink $resume_file if $noresume;
	# look for resume file and initialise
	if ( ! $noresume && -f $resume_file ) {
		if ( ! open $rh, "<", $resume_file ) {
			main::logger "ERROR: Cannot open (read): $resume_file\n";
			exit 1;
		}
		my @resume_data = <$rh>;
		close $rh;
		if ( $#resume_data > 0 ) {
			chomp(my $last_params = $resume_data[0]);
			if ( $last_params =~ /^#(\w+,){3}\d+,\d+/ ) {
				$last_params =~ s/^#//;
				if ( $last_params eq $resume_params ) {
					chomp(my $last_data = $resume_data[$#resume_data]);
					if ( $last_data =~ /^(\d+,){2}[\.\d]+,\d+,[\.\d]+,\d+/ ) {
						my ($last_sequence, $last_size, $last_elapsed) = split /,/, $last_data;
						if ( $last_sequence > 0 && $last_size > 0 && $last_elapsed > 0 ) {
							my $tmp_size = -s $file_tmp || 0;
							if ( $last_sequence >= $max_sequence ) {
								main::logger "WARNING: Unexpected resume sequence ($last_sequence >= $max_sequence)\n";
								main::logger "WARNING: Restarting download\n";
							} elsif ( $last_size > $tmp_size ) {
								main::logger "WARNING: Unexpected resume size ($last_size > $tmp_size)\n";
								main::logger "WARNING: Restarting download\n";
							} else {
								$prev_sequence = $last_sequence;
								$resume_sequence = $last_sequence + 1;
								$resume_size = $last_size;
								$resume_elapsed = $last_elapsed;
								$resuming = 1;
							}
						} else {
							main::logger "WARNING: Unexpected resume data: $last_data\n";
							main::logger "WARNING: Restarting download\n";
						}
					} else {
						main::logger "WARNING: Invalid resume data: $last_data\n";
						main::logger "WARNING: Restarting download\n";
					}
				} else {
					if ( $opt->{verbose} ) {
						main::logger "INFO: Resume parameters changed: $last_params != $resume_params\n";
						main::logger "INFO: Restarting download\n";
					}
				}
			} else {
				main::logger "WARNING: Invalid resume parameters: $last_params\n";
				main::logger "WARNING: Restarting download\n";
			}
		}
	}
	unlink $resume_file unless $resuming;
	$begin_size = $prev_size = $size = $resume_size;

	# find duration and start/stop points
	for my $sequence ( $min_sequence..$max_sequence ) {
		my $segment = $segments->{$sequence};
		my $segment_duration = $segment->{duration};
		$total_duration += $segment_duration;
		if ( $start_sequence < 1 && defined $opt->{start} && $total_duration > $opt->{start} ) {
			$start_sequence = $sequence;
			$start_elapsed = $total_duration - $segment_duration;
		};
		if ( $stop_sequence < 1 && defined $opt->{stop} && $total_duration >= $opt->{stop} ) {
			$stop_sequence = $sequence;
			$stop_elapsed = $total_duration;
		}
	}
	$start_sequence ||= $min_sequence;
	$start_elapsed ||= 0;
	$stop_sequence ||= $max_sequence;
	$stop_elapsed ||= $total_duration;
	$stop_elapsed_str = sprintf("%02d:%02d:%02d", (gmtime($stop_elapsed))[2,1,0]);
	if ( $opt->{verbose} ) {
		my $start_elapsed_str = sprintf("%02d:%02d:%02d", (gmtime($start_elapsed))[2,1,0]);
		main::logger "INFO: Actual start time: ".sprintf("%.3f secs (%s.%.3d)\n", $start_elapsed, $start_elapsed_str, ($start_elapsed - int($start_elapsed)) * 1000) if $opt->{start};
		main::logger "INFO: Actual stop  time: ".sprintf("%.3f secs (%s.%.3d)\n", $stop_elapsed, $stop_elapsed_str, ($stop_elapsed - int($stop_elapsed)) * 1000) if $opt->{stop};
	}
	$resume_sequence ||= $start_sequence;
	$resume_elapsed ||= $start_elapsed;
	$prev_elapsed = $elapsed = $resume_elapsed;
	# estimate expected file size
	$media_size ||= int($total_duration * $media_bitrate * 1000.0 / 8.0);
	$file_duration = $stop_elapsed - $start_elapsed;
	$file_size = int($file_duration / $total_duration * $media_size);
	$file_size_mb = $file_size / 1000000.0;

	# capture subtitles start/stop
	delete $opt->{mysubstart};
	delete $opt->{mysubstop};
	$opt->{mysubstart} = $start_elapsed * 1000.0 if $opt->{start};
	$opt->{mysubstop} = $stop_elapsed * 1000.0 if $opt->{stop};

	# open files
	if ( $resuming ) {
		# open output file for resume
		if ( ! open($fh, ">>:raw", $file_tmp) ) {
			main::logger "ERROR: Cannot open (append): $file_tmp\n";
			exit 1;
		}
		binmode $fh;
		$fh->autoflush(1);
		my $tmp_size = -s $file_tmp || 0;
		# overwrite any partial segment appended in last run
		if ( $resume_size < $tmp_size ) {
			main::logger "INFO: Resizing file from $tmp_size to $resume_size for resume\n" if $opt->{verbose};
			if ( ! truncate($fh, $resume_size) || ! seek($fh, 0, 2) ) {
				$resuming = 0;
				close $fh;
				main::logger "WARNING: Unable to resize file: $file_tmp\n";
				main::logger "WARNING: Restarting download\n";
			} else {
				unless ( $opt->{noverify} ) {
					my $trunc_size = tell $fh;
					if ( $trunc_size != $resume_size ) {
						$resuming = 0;
						close $fh;
						main::logger "WARNING: Resize incorrect for file: $file_tmp\n";
						main::logger "WARNING: Expected: $resume_size Got: $trunc_size\n";
						main::logger "WARNING: Restarting download\n";
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}
	unlink $resume_file unless $resuming;
	if ( $resuming ) {
		main::logger sprintf("INFO: Resume downloading at: %.2f MB (%02d:%02d:%02d) [%d]\n",
			$resume_size / 1000000.0,
			(gmtime($resume_elapsed))[2,1,0],
			$resume_sequence
		) if $opt->{verbose};
	} else {
		# start download from beginning if not resuming
		if ( ! open($fh, ">:raw", $file_tmp) ) {
			main::logger "ERROR: Cannot open (write): $file_tmp\n";
			exit 1;
		}
		binmode $fh;
		$fh->autoflush(1);
		main::logger sprintf("INFO: Begin downloading at: %.2f MB (%02d:%02d:%02d) [%d]\n",
			$size / 1000000.0,
			(gmtime($start_elapsed))[2,1,0],
			$start_sequence
		) if $opt->{verbose};
	}
	unless ( $noresume ) {
		my $open_mode = $resuming ? ">>" : ">";
		# open resume data file
		if ( ! open $rh, $open_mode, $resume_file ) {
			main::logger "ERROR: Cannot open (".($resuming ? "append" : "write")."): $resume_file\n";
			exit 1;
		}
		$rh->autoflush(1);
		unless ( $resuming ) {
			print $rh "#$resume_params\n";
		}
	}

	if ( defined $opt->{proxy} && $opt->{proxy} =~ /^prepend:/ ) {
		($proxy_prefix = $opt->{proxy}) =~ s/^prepend://g;
	}

	# process segments in playlist
	my @file_sequences = ($resume_sequence..$stop_sequence);
	if ( $size == 0 && defined $init_sequence ) {
		# ensure DASH init segment downloaded for new file
		unshift @file_sequences, $init_sequence;
	}
	my @warnings;
	for my $sequence ( @file_sequences ) {
		$curr_sequence = $sequence;
		my $segment = $segments->{$sequence};
		my $segment_duration = $segment->{duration};
		$elapsed += $segment_duration;
		my $segment_url;
		# proxy url
		if ( $proxy_prefix ) {
			$segment_url = $proxy_prefix.main::url_encode( $segment->{url} );
		} else {
			$segment_url = $segment->{url};
		}
		$curr_segment_url = $segment_url;
		main::logger "\nDEBUG: Downloading file segment [$sequence]\n" if $opt->{debug};
		main::logger "DEBUG: File segment URL: $segment_url\n" if $opt->{debug};;
		# download segment with retries
		my $expected = 0;
		my $got404 = 0;
		my $i;
		my $res;
		for ($i = 0; $i < $retries; $i++) {
			$res = $ua->get($segment_url, ':content_cb' => $callback);
			$expected = $res->header("Content-Length");
			if ( ! $res->is_success || ! $res->header("Content-Length") ) {
				if ( $res->code == 404 ) {
					if ( $sequence == $max_sequence ) {
						# potential edge cases with incorrect DASH manifests
						main::logger "\nWARNING: File segment not available from server [$sequence]\n";
						main::logger "WARNING: This is the final file segment of the programme\n";
						main::logger "WARNING: It may be incorrectly flagged as unavailable due to inaccurate programme data\n";
						main::logger "WARNING: Check the end of the downloaded file to ensure it is complete\n";
						if ( $opt->{verbose} ) {
							main::logger "WARNING: File segment URL: $curr_segment_url\n";
						}
					} else {
						# don't retry if 404 received
						@warnings = (
							"File segment not available from server [$sequence]",
							"This is NOT a problem with get_iplayer. It is a problem with the BBC media stream."
						);
						$return = 2;
					}
					$got404 = 1;
					last;
				}
			} else {
				last;
			}
		}
		# bail out if not available
		last if $got404;
		# bail out on download failure
		if ( $i == $retries ) {
			@warnings = (
				"Failed to download file segment [$sequence]",
				"Response: ${\$res->code()} ${\$res->message()}"
			);
			$return = 1;
			last;
		}
		my $size_diff = $size - $prev_size;
		# verify segment size
		unless ( $opt->{noverify} ) {
			if ( $size_diff != $expected) {
				close $rh unless $noresume;
				@warnings = (
					"Unexpected size for file segment [$sequence]",
					"Expected: $expected  Downloaded: $size_diff",
					"This indicates a problem with your network connection to the media server"
				);
				$return = 1;
				last;
			}
		}
		# capture resume data
		unless ( $noresume ) {
			if ( ! print $rh "$sequence,$size,$elapsed,$size_diff,$segment_duration,$begin_time\n" ) {
				close $rh;
				@warnings = (
					"Unable to save resume data for file segment [$sequence]"
				);
				$return = 1;
				last;
			}
		}
		$prev_sequence = $sequence;
		$prev_size = $size;
		$prev_elapsed = $elapsed;
	}
	close $fh;
	close $rh unless $noresume;

	# summary stats
	unless ( $hide_progress || $opt->{logprogress} ) {
		main::logger "${crlf}".(" " x ($opt->{verbose} || $opt->{hash} ? 120 : 80));
	}
	my $end_time = time() + 0.0001;
	if ( $opt->{verbose} ) {
		main::logger sprintf("${crlf}INFO: Downloaded: %.2f MB (%02d:%02d:%02d) [%d] in %02d:%02d:%02d \@ %.2f Mb/s (%s/%s) [%s]\n",
			($prev_size - $resume_size) / 1000000.0,
			(gmtime($prev_elapsed - $resume_elapsed))[2,1,0],
			max($prev_sequence - $resume_sequence + 1, 0),
			(gmtime($end_time - $begin_time))[2,1,0],
			($prev_size - $resume_size) / ($end_time - $begin_time) / 1000000.0 * 8.0,
			$prog_mode,
			$prog_cdn,
			$prog_kind,
		);
	} else {
		main::logger sprintf("${crlf}INFO: Downloaded: %.2f MB (%02d:%02d:%02d) \@ %.2f Mb/s (%s/%s) [%s]\n",
			($prev_size - $resume_size) / 1000000.0,
			(gmtime($prev_elapsed - $resume_elapsed))[2,1,0],
			($prev_size - $resume_size) / ($end_time - $begin_time) / 1000000.0 * 8.0,
			$prog_mode,
			$prog_cdn,
			$prog_kind,
		);
	}

	# retry if we fail during streaming
	if ( $return ) {
		main::logger "WARNING: ".(join "\nWARNING: ", @warnings)."\n" if @warnings;
		if ( $opt->{verbose} ) {
			main::logger "WARNING: File segment URL: $curr_segment_url\n";
			main::logger sprintf("WARNING: Stopped downloading at: %.2f MB (%02d:%02d:%02d) [%d]\n",
				$prev_size / 1000000.0,
				(gmtime($prev_elapsed))[2,1,0],
				$prev_sequence
			);
		}
		return $return > 1 ? 'next' : 'retry';
	}

	# clear resume data
	unlink $resume_file;

	if ( $resuming ) {
		# summary for file
		main::logger sprintf("INFO: Downloaded (total): %.2f MB (%02d:%02d:%02d) [%d]\n",
			$prev_size / 1000000.0,
			(gmtime($prev_elapsed - $start_elapsed))[2,1,0],
			$prev_sequence - $start_sequence + 1
		) if $opt->{verbose};
	}

	return 0;
}

################### DASH Streamer class #################
package Streamer::dash;

# Inherit from Streamer::hls class
use base 'Streamer::hls';
use File::Basename;
use File::Copy;
use File::stat;
use List::Util qw(max);
use strict;

sub generate_segments {
	my ($self, $media ) = @_;
	return undef if ! $media;
	my $segments;
	for my $sequence ( $media->{start_number} .. $media->{stop_number} ) {
		my $segment_url;
		if ( $sequence == $media->{start_number} ) {
			($segment_url = $media->{init_template}) =~ s/\$RepresentationID\$/$media->{id}/;
			$segments->{$sequence - 1} = { 'url' => $segment_url, 'duration' => 0, 'initialization' => 1 };
		}
		($segment_url = $media->{media_template}) =~ s/\$RepresentationID\$/$media->{id}/;
		$segment_url =~ s/\$Number\$/$sequence/;
		$segments->{$sequence} = { 'url' => $segment_url, 'duration' => $media->{segment_duration} };
	}
	return $segments;
}

sub get {
	my ( $self, $ua, $url, $prog, $version, %streamdata ) = @_;
	my $rc;

	my $media_file = File::Spec->catfile($prog->{dir}, "$prog->{fileprefix}.dash.ts");
	my $media_type = $prog->{type} eq "tv" ? "video" : "audio";
	if ( $opt->{overwrite} ) {
		unlink $media_file;
	} else {
		if ( -f $media_file ) {
			main::logger "INFO: Using existing DASH $media_type file: $media_file\n";
			main::logger "INFO: Use --overwrite to re-download\n";
			if ( $prog->{type} eq "tv" && ! $opt->{audioonly} ) {
				return $prog->postproc(undef, $media_file, $ua);
			} else {
				return $prog->postproc($media_file, undef, $ua);
			}
		}
	}

	# audio files
	my $audio_tmp = File::Spec->catfile($prog->{dir}, "$prog->{fileprefix}.audio.m4a");
	my $audio_file = File::Spec->catfile($prog->{dir}, "$prog->{fileprefix}.dash.m4a");
	my $audio_raw = $prog->{type} eq "tv" ? $prog->{rawaudio} : $prog->{filename};

	# video files
	my $video_tmp = File::Spec->catfile($prog->{dir}, "$prog->{fileprefix}.video.m4v");
	my $video_file = File::Spec->catfile($prog->{dir}, "$prog->{fileprefix}.dash.m4v");
	my $video_raw = $prog->{rawvideo};

	if ( $opt->{overwrite} ) {
		unlink ( $audio_file, $video_file );
	} else {
		my $skip;
		if ( -f $audio_file ) {
			main::logger "WARNING: Using existing DASH audio file: $audio_file\n";
			$skip = 1;
		}
		if ( $prog->{type} eq "tv" && -f $video_file ) {
			main::logger "WARNING: Using existing DASH video file: $video_file\n";
			$skip = 1;
		}
		if ( $skip ) {
			main::logger "WARNING: Use --overwrite to re-download\n";
		}
	}

	unless ( -f $audio_file ) {
		my $audio_media = $streamdata{audio_media};
		$streamdata{file_size} = $audio_media->{file_size};
		$streamdata{media_bitrate} = $audio_media->{bitrate};
		$streamdata{kind} = "audio";
		my $segments = $self->generate_segments($audio_media);
		if ( keys %{$segments} <= 1 ) {
			main::logger "ERROR: No file segments generated from DASH audio media\n";
			return 'next';
		}
		$rc = $self->fetch( $ua, $segments, $audio_tmp, $prog, %streamdata );
		return $rc if $rc;
		if ( ! move($audio_tmp, $audio_file) ) {
			main::logger "ERROR: Could not rename file: $audio_tmp\n";
			main::logger "ERROR: Destination file name: $audio_file\n";
			return 'skip';
		}
	}

	if ( $prog->{type} eq "tv" && ! $opt->{audioonly} ) {
		unless ( -f $video_file ) {
			my $video_media = $streamdata{video_media};
			$streamdata{file_size} = $video_media->{file_size};
			$streamdata{media_bitrate} = $video_media->{bitrate};
			$streamdata{kind} = "video";
			my $segments = $self->generate_segments($video_media);
			if ( keys %{$segments} <= 1 ) {
				main::logger "ERROR: No file segments generated from DASH video media\n";
				return 'next';
			}
			$rc = $self->fetch( $ua, $segments, $video_tmp, $prog, %streamdata );
			return $rc if $rc;
			if ( ! move($video_tmp, $video_file) ) {
				main::logger "ERROR: Could not rename file: $video_tmp\n";
				main::logger "ERROR: Destination file name: $video_file\n";
				return 'skip';
			}
		}
	} else {
		unlink ( $video_tmp, $video_file );
	}

	if ( $opt->{raw} && ! $opt->{mpegts} ) {
		if ( ! move($audio_file, $audio_raw) ) {
			main::logger "ERROR: Could not rename file: $audio_file\n";
			main::logger "ERROR: Destination file name: $audio_raw\n";
			return 'skip';
		}
		if ( $prog->{type} eq "tv" && ! $opt->{audioonly} ) {
			if ( ! move($video_file, $video_raw) ) {
				main::logger "ERROR: Could not rename file: $video_file\n";
				main::logger "ERROR: Destination file name: $video_raw\n";
				return 'skip';
			}
		}
		return 0;
	}

	if ( $prog->{type} eq "tv" && ! $opt->{audioonly} ) {
		return $self->postproc($prog, $audio_file, $video_file, $ua);
	} else {
		return $self->postproc($prog, $audio_file, undef, $ua);
	}
}

sub postproc {
	my ( $self, $prog, $audio_file, $video_file, $ua ) = @_;
	my @cmd;
	my $return;
	my $media_file = File::Spec->catfile($prog->{dir}, "$prog->{fileprefix}.dash.ts");
	$prog->ffmpeg_init();
	if ( ! main::exists_in_path('ffmpeg') ) {
		main::logger "WARNING: Required ffmpeg utility not found - cannot convert to MPEG-TS\n";
		return 'stop';
	}
	my $audio_ok = $audio_file && -f $audio_file;
	my $video_ok = $video_file && -f $video_file;
	return 0 unless ( $audio_ok || $video_ok);
	my @global_opts = ( '-y' );
	my @input_opts;
	push @input_opts, ( '-i', $audio_file ) if $audio_ok;
	push @input_opts, ( '-i', $video_file ) if $video_ok;
	my @codec_opts;
	if ( ! $opt->{ffmpegobsolete} ) {
		push @codec_opts, ( '-c:v', 'copy', '-c:a', 'copy' );
	} else {
		push @codec_opts, ( '-vcodec', 'copy', '-acodec', 'copy' );
	}
	my @stream_opts;
	push @stream_opts, ( '-map', '0:a:0', '-map', '1:v:0' ) if $audio_ok && $video_ok;
	my @filter_opts;
	if ( ! $opt->{ffmpegobsolete} ) {
		push @filter_opts, ( '-bsf:v', 'h264_mp4toannexb' );
	} else {
		push @filter_opts, ( '-vbsf', 'h264_mp4toannexb' );
	}
	@cmd = (
		$bin->{ffmpeg},
		@{ $binopts->{ffmpeg} },
		@global_opts,
		@input_opts,
		@codec_opts,
		@stream_opts,
		@filter_opts,
		$media_file,
	);
	main::logger "INFO: Converting to MPEG-TS\n";
	$return = main::run_cmd( 'STDERR', @cmd );
	my $min_download_size = main::progclass($prog->{type})->min_download_size();
	if ( (! $return) && -f $media_file && stat($media_file)->size > $min_download_size ) {
		unlink( $audio_file, $video_file );
	} else {
		unlink $media_file;
		main::logger "ERROR: Conversion failed - retaining audio file: $audio_file\n" if $audio_ok;
		main::logger "ERROR: Conversion failed - retaining video file: $video_file\n" if $video_ok;
		return 'stop';
	}
	if ( $opt->{mpegts} ) {
		if ( ! move($media_file, $prog->{filename}) ) {
			main::logger "ERROR: Could not rename file: $media_file\n";
			main::logger "ERROR: Destination file name: $prog->{filename}\n";
			return 'stop';
		}
		return 0;
	}
	if ( $prog->{type} eq "tv" && ! $opt->{audioonly} ) {
		return $prog->postproc(undef, $media_file, $ua);
	} else {
		return $prog->postproc($media_file, undef, $ua);
	}
}


############# PVR Class ##############
package Pvr;

use Env qw[@PATH];
use Fcntl;
use File::Copy;
use File::Path;
use File::stat;
use IO::Seekable;
use IO::Socket;
use strict;
use Time::Local;

# Class vars
my %vars = ();
# Global options
my $optref;
my $opt_fileref;
my $opt_cmdlineref;
my $opt;
my $opt_file;
my $opt_cmdline;

# Class cmdline Options
sub opt_format {
	return {
		pvr		=> [ 0, "pvr|pvrrun|pvr-run!", 'PVR', '--pvr <search name>', "Runs the PVR using all saved PVR searches (intended to be run periodically, e.g., from cron or Task Manager). The list can be limited by adding a regex to the command. Synonyms: --pvrrun, --pvr-run"],
		pvrexclude	=> [ 0, "pvrexclude|pvr-exclude=s", 'PVR', '--pvr-exclude <string>', "Exclude the PVR searches to run by search name (comma-separated regex list). Defaults to substring match. Synonyms: --pvrexclude"],
		pvrsingle	=> [ 0, "pvrsingle|pvr-single=s", 'PVR', '--pvr-single <search name>', "Runs a named PVR search. Synonyms: --pvrsingle"],
		pvradd		=> [ 0, "pvradd|pvr-add=s", 'PVR', '--pvr-add <search name>', "Save the named PVR search with the specified search terms. Search terms required unless --pid specified. Synonyms: --pvradd"],
		pvrdel		=> [ 0, "pvrdel|pvr-del=s", 'PVR', '--pvr-del <search name>', "Remove the named search from the PVR searches. Synonyms: --pvrdel"],
		pvrdisable	=> [ 1, "pvrdisable|pvr-disable=s", 'PVR', '--pvr-disable <search name>', "Disable (not delete) a named PVR search. Synonyms: --pvrdisable"],
		pvrenable	=> [ 1, "pvrenable|pvr-enable=s", 'PVR', '--pvr-enable <search name>', "Enable a previously disabled named PVR search. Synonyms: --pvrenable"],
		pvrlist		=> [ 0, "pvrlist|pvr-list!", 'PVR', '--pvr-list', "Show the PVR search list. Synonyms: --pvrlist"],
		pvrqueue	=> [ 0, "pvrqueue|pvr-queue!", 'PVR', '--pvr-queue', "Add currently matched programmes to queue for later one-off recording using the --pvr option. Search terms required unless --pid specified. Synonyms: --pvrqueue"],
		pvrscheduler	=> [ 0, "pvrscheduler|pvr-scheduler=n", 'PVR', '--pvr-scheduler <seconds>', "Runs the PVR using all saved PVR searches every <seconds>. Synonyms: --pvrscheduler"],
		pvrseries		=> [ 0, "pvrseries|pvr-series!", 'PVR', '--pvr-series', "Create PVR search for each unique series name in search results. Search terms required. Synonyms: --pvrseries"],
		comment		=> [ 1, "comment=s", 'PVR', '--comment <string>', "Adds a comment to a PVR search"],
	};
}

# Constructor
# Usage: $pvr = Pvr->new();
sub new {
	my $type = shift;
	my %params = @_;
	my $self = {};
	for (keys %params) {
		$self->{$_} = $params{$_};
	}
	## Ensure the subclass $opt var is pointing to the Superclass global optref
	$opt = $Pvr::optref;
	$opt_file = $Pvr::opt_fileref;
	$opt_cmdline = $Pvr::opt_cmdlineref;
	bless $self, $type;
}

# Use to bind a new options ref to the class global $opt_ref var
sub add_opt_object {
	my $self = shift;
	$Pvr::optref = shift;
}
# Use to bind a new options ref to the class global $opt_fileref var
sub add_opt_file_object {
	my $self = shift;
	$Pvr::opt_fileref = shift;
}
# Use to bind a new options ref to the class global $opt_cmdlineref var
sub add_opt_cmdline_object {
	my $self = shift;
	$Pvr::opt_cmdlineref = shift;
}

# Use to bind a new options ref to the class global $optref var
sub setvar {
	my $self = shift;
	my $varname = shift;
	my $value = shift;
	$vars{$varname} = $value;
}
sub getvar {
	my $self = shift;
	my $varname = shift;
	return $vars{$varname};
}

# $opt->{<option>} access method
sub opt {
	my $self = shift;
	my $optname = shift;
	return $opt->{$optname};
}

# Load all PVR searches and run one-by-one
# Usage: $pvr->run( [pvr search name] )
sub run {
	my $pvr = shift;
	my $pvr_name_regex = shift || '.*';
	my $exclude_regex = '_ROUGE_VALUE_';

	# Don't attempt to record programmes with pids in history
	my $hist = History->new();

	# Load all PVR searches
	$pvr->load_list();

	if ( $opt->{pvrexclude} ) {
		$exclude_regex = '('.(join '|', ( split /,/, $opt->{pvrexclude} ) ).')';
	}

	# For each PVR search (or single one if specified)
	my @names = ( grep !/$exclude_regex/i, grep /$pvr_name_regex/i, sort {lc $a cmp lc $b} keys %{$pvr} );

	my $retcode = 0;
	main::logger "Running PVR Searches:\n";
	for my $name ( @names ) {
		main::print_divider;
		# Ignore if this search is disabled
		if ( $pvr->{$name}->{disable} ) {
			main::logger "INFO: Skipping PVR search: '$name' (disabled)\n" if $opt->{verbose};
			next;
		}
		main::logger "INFO: PVR Run: '$name'\n";
		# Clear then Load options for specified pvr search name
		my $opt_backup;
		my @backup_opts = grep /^(encoding|myap|myffmpeg|nowarn)/, keys %{$opt};
		foreach ( @backup_opts ) {
			$opt_backup->{$_} = $opt->{$_} if defined $opt->{$_};
		}
		my @search_args = $pvr->load_options($name);
		foreach ( @backup_opts ) {
			$opt->{$_} = $opt_backup->{$_} if defined $opt_backup->{$_};
		}

		## Display all options used for this pvr search
		#$opt->display('Default Options', '(help|debug|get|^pvr)');

		# Switch on --hide option
		$opt->{hide} = 1;
		# Switch off --future option (no point in checking future programmes)
		$opt->{future} = 0;
		# Don't allow --refresh with --pvr
		$opt->{refresh} = 0;
		# Don't allow --info with --pvr
		$opt->{info} = 0;
		# Do the recording (force --get option)
		$opt->{get} = 1;
		# reset for PVR search
		delete $opt->{nowarnmoderemap};

		my $failcount = 0;
		if ( $pvr->{$name}->{pid} ) {
			my @pids = split( /,/, $pvr->{$name}->{pid} );
			$failcount = main::download_pid_matches( $hist, main::find_pid_matches( $hist, @pids ) );
		# Just make recordings of matching progs
		} else {
			$failcount = main::download_matches( $hist, main::find_matches( $hist, @search_args ) );
		}
		# If this is a one-off queue entry then delete the PVR entry upon successful recording(s)
		if ( $name =~ /^ONCE_/ && ! $failcount && ! $opt->{test} ) {
			$pvr->del( $name );
		}
		if ( $failcount ) {
			main::logger "WARNING: PVR Run: '$name': $failcount download failure(s)\n";
		}
		$retcode += $failcount;
	}
	return $retcode;
}

sub run_scheduler {
	my $pvr = shift;
	my $interval = $opt->{pvrscheduler};
	# Ensure the caches refresh every run (assume cache refreshes take at most 300 seconds)
	$opt_cmdline->{expiry} = $interval - 300;
	main::logger "INFO: Scheduling the PVR to run every $interval secs\n";
	while ( 1 ) {
		my $start_time = time();
		$opt_cmdline->{pvr} = 1;
		# empty mem cache before each run to force cache file refresh
		for ( keys %$memcache ) {
			delete $memcache->{$_};
		}
		my $retcode = $pvr->run();
		if ( $retcode ) {
			main::logger "WARNING: PVR Scheduler: ".localtime().": $retcode download failure(s) \n";
		}
		my $remaining = $interval - ( time() - $start_time );
		if ( $remaining > 0 ) {
			main::logger "INFO: Sleeping for $remaining secs\n";
			sleep $remaining;
		}
	}
}

# If queuing, only add pids because the index number might change by the time the pvr runs
# If --pid and --type <type> is specified then add this prog also
sub queue {
	my $pvr = shift;
	my @search_args = @_;

	# Switch on --hide option
	$opt->{hide} = 1;
	my $hist = History->new();

	# PID and TYPE specified
	if ( $opt_cmdline->{pid} ) {
		# ensure we only have one prog type defined (or none)
		if ( $opt_cmdline->{type} !~ /,/ ) {
			# Add to PVR if not already in history
			$pvr->add( "ONCE_$opt_cmdline->{pid}" ) if ( ! $hist->check( $opt_cmdline->{pid} ) );
		} else {
			main::logger "ERROR: Cannot add a pid to the PVR queue without a single --type specified\n";
			return 1;
		}

	# Search specified
	} else {
		my @matches = main::find_matches( $hist, @search_args );
		# Add a PVR entry for each matching prog PID
		for my $this ( @matches ) {
			$opt_cmdline->{pid} = $this->{pid};
			$opt_cmdline->{type} = $this->{type};
			$pvr->add( $this->substitute('ONCE_<name> - <episode> <pid>') );
		}

	}
	return 0;
}

# Save the options on the cmdline as a PVR search with the specified name
sub add {
	my $pvr = shift;
	my $name = shift;
	my @search_args = @_;
	my @options;
	# validate name
	if ( $name !~ m{[\w\-\+]+} || $name =~ m{^\-+} ) {
		main::logger "ERROR: Invalid PVR search name '$name'\n";
		return 1;
	}
	# Parse valid options and create array (ignore options from the options files that have not been overriden on the cmdline)
	for ( grep !/(^cache|profiledir|encoding.*|silent|webrequest|future|nocopyright|^test|metadataonly|subsonly|thumbonly|cuesheetonly|tracklistonly|creditsonly|tagonly|^get|refresh|^save|^prefs|help|expiry|tree|terse|streaminfo|listformat|^list|showoptions|hide|info|pvr.*|markdownloaded)$/, sort {lc $a cmp lc $b} keys %{$opt_cmdline} ) {
		if ( defined $opt_cmdline->{$_} ) {
				push @options, "$_ $opt_cmdline->{$_}";
				main::logger "DEBUG: Adding option $_ = $opt_cmdline->{$_}\n" if $opt->{debug};
		}
	}
	# Add search args to array
	for ( my $count = 0; $count <= $#search_args; $count++ ) {
		push @options, "search${count} $search_args[$count]";
		main::logger "DEBUG: Adding search${count} = $search_args[$count]\n" if $opt->{debug};
	}
	# Save search to file
	$pvr->save( $name, @options );
	return 0;
}

# Delete the named PVR search
sub del {
	my $pvr = shift;
	my $name = shift;
	# validate name
	if ( $name !~ m{[\w\-\+]+} ) {
		main::logger "ERROR: Invalid PVR search name '$name'\n";
		return 1;
	}
	my $pvr_file = File::Spec->catfile($vars{pvr_dir}, $name);
	# Delete pvr search file
	if ( -f $pvr_file ) {
		unlink $pvr_file;
		main::logger "INFO: Deleted PVR search '$name'\n";
	} else {
		main::logger "ERROR: PVR search '$name' does not exist\n";
		return 1;
	}
	return 0;
}

# Display all the PVR searches
sub display_list {
	my $pvr = shift;
	# Load all the PVR searches
	$pvr->load_list();
	# Print out list
	main::logger "All PVR Searches:\n\n";
	for my $name ( sort {lc $a cmp lc $b} keys %{$pvr} ) {
		# Report whether disabled
		if ( $pvr->{$name}->{disable} ) {
			main::logger "pvrsearch = $name (disabled)\n";
		} else {
			main::logger "pvrsearch = $name\n";
		}
		for ( sort keys %{ $pvr->{$name} } ) {
			main::logger "\t$_ = $pvr->{$name}->{$_}\n";
		}
		main::logger "\n";
	}
	return 0;
}

# Load all the PVR searches into %{$pvr}
sub load_list {
	my $pvr = shift;
	# Clear any previous data in $pvr
	$pvr->clear_list();
	# Make dir if not existing
	mkpath $vars{pvr_dir} if ! -d $vars{pvr_dir};
	# Get list of files in pvr_dir
	# open file with handle DIR
	opendir( DIR, $vars{pvr_dir} );
	if ( ! opendir( DIR, $vars{pvr_dir}) ) {
		main::logger "ERROR: Cannot open directory $vars{pvr_dir}\n";
		return 1;
	}
	# Get contents of directory (ignoring . .. and ~ files)
	my @files = grep ! /(^\.{1,2}$|^.*~$)/, readdir DIR;
	# Close the directory
	closedir DIR;
	# process each file
	for my $name (@files) {
		chomp($name);
		# Re-add the dir
		my $file = File::Spec->catfile($vars{pvr_dir}, $name);
		next if ! -f $file;
		if ( ! open (PVR, "< $file") ) {
			main::logger "WARNING: Cannot read PVR search file $file\n";
			next;
		}
		my @options = <PVR>;
		close PVR;
		for (@options) {
			/^\s*([\w\-_]+?)\s+(.*)\s*$/;
			main::logger "DEBUG: PVR search '$name': option $1 = $2\n" if $opt->{debug};
			$pvr->{$name}->{$1} = $2;
		}
		main::logger "INFO: Loaded PVR search '$name'\n" if $opt->{verbose};
	}
	main::logger "INFO: Loaded PVR search list\n" if $opt->{verbose};
	return 0;
}

# Clear all the PVR searches in %{$pvr}
sub clear_list {
	my $pvr = shift;
	# There is probably a faster way
	delete $pvr->{$_} for keys %{ $pvr };
	return 0;
}

# Save the array options specified as a PVR search
sub save {
	my $pvr = shift;
	my $name = shift;
	my @options = @_;
	# Sanitize name
	$name = StringUtils::sanitize_path( $name, 0, 1 );
	# Make dir if not existing
	mkpath $vars{pvr_dir} if ! -d $vars{pvr_dir};
	main::logger "INFO: Saving PVR search '$name':\n";
	# Open file
	my $pvr_file = File::Spec->catfile($vars{pvr_dir}, $name);
	if ( ! open (PVR, "> $pvr_file") ) {
		main::logger "ERROR: Cannot save PVR search to $pvr_file\n";
		return 1;
	}
	# Write options array to file
	for (@options) {
		print PVR "$_\n";
		main::logger "\t$_\n";
	}
	close PVR;
	return 0;
}

# Uses globals: $profile_dir, $optfile_system, $optfile_default
# Uses class globals: %opt, %opt_file, %opt_cmdline
# Returns @search_args
# Clear all exisiting global args and opts then load the options specified in the default options and specified PVR search
sub load_options {
	my $pvr = shift;
	my $name = shift;

	my $optfile_preset;
	# Clear out existing options and file options hashes
	%{$opt} = ();

	# If the preset option is used in the PVR search then use it.
	if ( $pvr->{$name}->{preset} ) {
		$optfile_preset = ${profile_dir}."/presets/".$pvr->{$name}->{preset};
		main::logger "DEBUG: Using preset file: $optfile_preset\n" if $opt_cmdline->{debug};
	}

	# Re-copy options read from files at start of whole run
	$opt->copy_set_options_from( $opt_file );

	# Load options from $optfile_preset into $opt (uses $opt_cmdline as readonly options for debug/verbose etc)
	$opt->load( $opt_cmdline, $optfile_preset );

	# Clear search args
	@search_args = ();
	# Set each option from the search
	for ( sort {$a cmp $b} keys %{ $pvr->{$name} } ) {
		# Add to list of search args if this is not an option
		if ( /^search\d+$/ ) {
			main::logger "INFO: $_ = $pvr->{$name}->{$_}\n" if $opt->{verbose};
			push @search_args, $pvr->{$name}->{$_};
		# Else populate options, ignore disable option
		} elsif ( $_ ne 'disable' ) {
			main::logger "INFO: Option: $_ = $pvr->{$name}->{$_}\n" if $opt->{verbose};
			$opt->{$_} = $pvr->{$name}->{$_};
		}
	}

	# Allow cmdline args to override those in the PVR search
	# Re-copy options from the cmdline
	$opt->copy_set_options_from( $opt_cmdline );
	return @search_args;
}

# Disable a PVR search by adding 'disable 1' option
sub disable {
	my $pvr = shift;
	my $name = shift;
	$pvr->load_list();
	my @options;
	for ( keys %{ $pvr->{$name} }) {
		push @options, "$_ $pvr->{$name}->{$_}";
	}
	# Add the disable option
	push @options, 'disable 1';
	$pvr->save( $name, @options );
	return 0;
}

# Re-enable a PVR search by removing 'disable 1' option
sub enable {
	my $pvr = shift;
	my $name = shift;
	$pvr->load_list();
	my @options;
	for ( keys %{ $pvr->{$name} }) {
		push @options, "$_ $pvr->{$name}->{$_}";
	}
	# Remove the disable option
	@options = grep !/^disable\s/, @options;
	$pvr->save( $name, @options );
	return 0;
}

############# Tagger Class ##############
package Tagger;

use Encode qw(:default :fallback_all);
use File::stat;
use constant IS_WIN32 => $^O eq 'MSWin32' ? 1 : 0;

# already in scope
# my ($opt, $bin);
my $ap_check;

# constructor
sub new {
	my $class = shift;
	my $self = {};
	bless($self, $class);
}

# class command line options
sub opt_format {
	return {
		atomicparsley	=> [ 0, "atomicparsley|atomic-parsley=s", 'External Program', '--atomicparsley <path>', "Location of AtomicParsley binary"],
		noartwork => [ 1, "noartwork|no-artwork!", 'Tagging', '--no-artwork', "Do not embed thumbnail image in output file. Also removes existing artwork. All other metadata values will be written."],
		notag => [ 1, "notag|no-tag!", 'Tagging', '--no-tag', "Do not tag downloaded programmes."],
		tag_credits => [ 1, "tagcredits|tag-credits!", 'Tagging', '--tag-credits', "Add programme credits (if available) to long description field."],
		tag_encoding	=> [ 1, "tagencoding|tag-encoding=s", 'Tagging', '--tag-encoding <name>', "(Windows only) Single-byte character encoding for non-ASCII characters in metadata tags. Encoding name must be known to Perl Encode module. Unicode (UTF* or UCS*) character encodings are not supported. Default: active code page or cp1252 (Windows code page 1252)"],
		tag_formatshow		=> [ 1, "tagformatshow|tag-format-show=s", 'Tagging', '--tag-format-show', "Format template for programme name in tag metadata. Use substitution parameters in template (see docs for list). Default: <name>"],
		tag_formattitle		=> [ 1, "tagformattitle|tag-format-title=s", 'Tagging', '--tag-format-title', "Format template for episode title in tag metadata. Use substitution parameters in template (see docs for list). Default: <episodeshort>"],
		tag_isodate		=> [ 1, "tagisodate|tag-isodate!", 'Tagging', '--tag-isodate', "Use ISO8601 dates (YYYY-MM-DD) in album/show names and track titles"],
		tag_nounicode	=> [ 1, "tagnoutf8|tag-noutf8|tag-no-utf8|tagnounicode|tag-nounicode|tag-no-unicode!", 'Tagging', '--tag-no-unicode', "(Windows only) Do not attempt to perform Unicode tagging and use single-byte character encoding instead (see --tag-encoding)"],
		tag_podcast => [ 1, "tagpodcast|tag-podcast!", 'Tagging', '--tag-podcast', "Tag downloaded radio and tv programmes as iTunes podcasts (incompatible with Music/Podcasts/TV apps on macOS 10.15 and higher)"],
		tag_podcast_radio => [ 1, "tagpodcastradio|tag-podcast-radio!", 'Tagging', '--tag-podcast-radio', "Tag only downloaded radio programmes as iTunes podcasts (incompatible with Music/Podcasts/TV apps on macOS 10.15 and higher)"],
		tag_podcast_tv => [ 1, "tagpodcasttv|tag-podcast-tv!", 'Tagging', '--tag-podcast-tv', "Tag only downloaded tv programmes as iTunes podcasts (incompatible with Music/Podcasts/TV apps on macOS 10.15 and higher)"],
		tag_tracklist => [ 1, "tagtracklist|tag-tracklist!", 'Tagging', '--tag-tracklist', "Add track list of music played in programme (if available) to lyrics field."],
	};
}

# map metadata values to tags
sub tags_from_metadata {
	my ($self, $meta) = @_;
	my $tags;
	($tags->{title} = $meta->{title}) =~ s/[\s\-]+$//;
	$tags->{title} ||= $meta->{show};
	# iTunes media kind
	$tags->{stik} = 'Normal';
	if ( $meta->{ext} =~ /(mp4|m4v)/i) {
		$tags->{stik} = $meta->{categories} =~ /(film|movie)/i ? 'Short Film' : 'TV Show';
	}
	$tags->{advisory} = $meta->{guidance} ? 'explicit' : 'remove';
	# copyright message from download date
	$tags->{copyright} = substr($meta->{dldate}, 0, 4)." BBC (programme data only)";
	$tags->{artist} = $meta->{channel};
	# album artist from programme type
	($tags->{albumArtist} = "BBC " . ucfirst($meta->{type})) =~ s/tv/TV/i;
	$tags->{album} = $meta->{show};
	$tags->{grouping} = $meta->{categories};
	# composer references iPlayer/Sounds
	$tags->{composer} = "BBC" . ( $meta->{type} eq "tv" ? " iPlayer" : $meta->{type} eq "radio" ? " Sounds" : "" );
	# extract genre as first category, use second if first too generic
	$tags->{genre} = $meta->{category};
	$tags->{comment} = $meta->{descshort};
	# fix up firstbcast if necessary
	$tags->{year} = $meta->{firstbcast};
	if ( $tags->{year} !~ /\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}\D\d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}/ ) {
		my @utc = gmtime();
		$utc[4] += 1;
		$utc[5] += 1900;
		$tags->{year} = sprintf("%4d-%02d-%02dT%02d:%02d:%02dZ", reverse @utc[0..5]);
	}
	$tags->{tracknum} = $meta->{episodenum};
	$tags->{disk} = $meta->{seriesnum};
	# generate lyrics text with links if available
	$tags->{lyrics} = $meta->{desclong};
	$tags->{lyrics} .= "\n\nPLAY: $meta->{player}" if $meta->{player};
	$tags->{lyrics} .= "\n\nINFO: $meta->{web}" if $meta->{web};
	$tags->{hdvideo} = $meta->{mode} =~ /hd/i ? ( $meta->{mode} =~ /fhd/i ? 2 : 1 ) : 0;
	$tags->{TVShowName} = $meta->{show};
	$tags->{TVEpisode} = $meta->{pid};
	$tags->{TVSeasonNum} = $tags->{disk};
	$tags->{TVEpisodeNum} = $tags->{tracknum};
	$tags->{TVNetwork} = $meta->{channel};
	$tags->{podcastFlag} = 'true';
	$tags->{category} = $tags->{genre};
	$tags->{keyword} = $meta->{categories};
	$tags->{podcastGUID} = $meta->{player};
	$tags->{artwork} = $meta->{thumbfile};
	# video flag
	$tags->{is_video} = $meta->{ext} =~ /(mp4|m4v)/i;
	# tvshow flag
	$tags->{is_tvshow} = $tags->{stik} eq 'TV Show';
	# podcast flag
	$tags->{is_podcast} = $opt->{tag_podcast}
		|| ( $opt->{tag_podcast_radio} && $meta->{type} eq "radio" )
		|| ( $opt->{tag_podcast_tv} && $meta->{type} eq "tv" );
	$tags->{pid} = $meta->{pid};
	if ( $opt->{tag_isodate} ) {
		for my $field ( 'title', 'album', 'TVShowName' ) {
			$tags->{$field} =~ s|(\d\d)[/_](\d\d)[/_](20\d\d)|$3-$2-$1|g;
		}
	}
	if ( $opt->{tag_tracklist} ) {
		if ( -f $meta->{tracklist} ) {
			my $tracklist = do { local(@ARGV, $/) = $meta->{tracklist}; <> };
			if ( $tracklist ) {
				$tags->{lyrics} .= "\n\nTRACKLIST\n$tracklist";
			} else {
				main::logger "WARNING: --tag-tracklist specified but tracklist file empty: $meta->{tracklist}\n";
			}
		} else {
			main::logger "WARNING: --tag-tracklist specified but tracklist file not found: $meta->{tracklist}\n";
		}
	}
	if ( $opt->{tag_credits} ) {
		if ( -f $meta->{credits} ) {
			my $credits = do { local(@ARGV, $/) = $meta->{credits}; <> };
			if ( $credits ) {
				$tags->{lyrics} .= "\n\nCREDITS\n$credits";
			} else {
				main::logger "WARNING: --tag-credits specified but credits file empty: $meta->{credits}\n";
			}
		} else {
			main::logger "WARNING: --tag-credits specified but credits file not found: $meta->{credits}\n";
		}
	}
	# normalise line endings to CRLF
	$tags->{lyrics} =~ s/(\r\n?|\n)/\r\n/g;
	$tags->{description} = $tags->{comment};
	$tags->{longDescription} = $tags->{lyrics};
	while ( my ($key, $val) = each %{$tags} ) {
		$tags->{$key} = StringUtils::convert_punctuation($val);
	}
	return $tags;
}

# in-place encode metadata values
sub tags_encode {
	my ($tags, $encoding) = @_;
	if ( ! $encoding || $encoding =~ /(UTF|UCS)/i || ! find_encoding($encoding) ) {
		main::logger "WARNING: Encoding '$encoding' is not supported for metadata tags and will be ignored\n";
		return;
	}
	while ( my ($key, $val) = each %{$tags} ) {
		$tags->{$key} = encode($encoding, $val, FB_XMLCREF);
 	}
}

# add metadata tag to programme
sub tag_prog {
	my ($self, $prog) = @_;
	my $rc;
	# download thumbnail if necessary
	my $thumb_found = -f $prog->{thumbfile};
	$prog->download_thumbnail() unless $opt->{noartwork} || $thumb_found;
	# download tracklist if necessary
	my $tracklist_found = -f $prog->{tracklist};
	$prog->download_tracklist() unless ! $opt->{tag_tracklist} || $tracklist_found;
	# download credits if necessary
	my $credits_found = -f $prog->{credits};
	$prog->download_credits() unless ! $opt->{tag_credits} || $credits_found;
	# create metadata for tagging
	my $meta;
	while ( my ($key, $val) = each %{$prog} ) {
		if ( ref($val) eq 'HASH' ) {
			$meta->{$key} = $prog->{$key}->{$prog->{version}};
		} else {
			$meta->{$key} = $val;
		}
	}
	my $fmt_show = $opt->{tag_formatshow} || "<name>";
	my $fmt_title = $opt->{tag_formattitle} || "<episodeshort>";
	$meta->{show} = $prog->substitute($fmt_show, 99);
	$meta->{title} = $prog->substitute($fmt_title, 99);
	# do tagging
	my $tags = $self->tags_from_metadata($meta);
	if ( $meta->{filename} =~ /\.(mp4|m4v|m4a)$/i ) {
		$rc = $self->tag_file_mp4($meta, $tags);
	} else {
		main::logger "WARNING: Don't know how to tag \U$meta->{ext}\E file\n" if $opt->{verbose};
	}
	# clean up thumbnail if necessary
	unlink $prog->{thumbfile} unless $opt->{thumb} || $thumb_found;
	# clean up tracklist if necessary
	unlink $prog->{tracklist} unless $opt->{tracklist} || $tracklist_found;
	# clean up credits if necessary
	unlink $prog->{credits} unless $opt->{credits} || $credits_found;
	return $rc;
}

sub tag_init {
	return if $ap_check;
	$bin->{atomicparsley} = $opt->{atomicparsley} || 'AtomicParsley';
	if ( ! main::exists_in_path( 'atomicparsley' ) ) {
		if ( $bin->{atomicparsley} ne 'AtomicParsley' ) {
			$bin->{atomicparsley} = 'AtomicParsley';
			if ( ! main::exists_in_path( 'atomicparsley' ) ) {
				$ap_check = 1;
				return;
			}
		} else {
			$ap_check = 1;
			return;
		}
	}
	# determine AtomicParsley features
	my $ap_bin = main::encode_cl($bin->{atomicparsley});
	my $ap_help = `"$ap_bin" --help 2>&1`;
	$opt->{myaphdvideo} = 1 if $ap_help =~ /--hdvideo/;
	$opt->{myap1080p} = 1 if $opt->{myaphdvideo} && $ap_help =~ /1080p/;
	$opt->{myaplongdesc} = 1 if $ap_help =~ /--longdesc/;
	$opt->{myaplongdescription} = 1 if $ap_help =~ /--longDescription/;
	$opt->{myaplongdescfile} = 1 if $ap_help =~ /--longdescFile/;
	$opt->{myaplyricsfile} = 1 if $ap_help =~ /--lyricsFile/;
	if ( $opt->{verbose} && $ap_help =~ /(AtomicParsley version:.*)/i ) {
		main::logger "INFO: $1\n";
	}
	$ap_check = 1;
}

sub tag_cmd {
	my ($meta, $tags, $desc_file) = @_;
	my @cmd = (
		$bin->{atomicparsley},
		main::decode_fs($meta->{filename}),
		'--metaEnema',
		'--freefree',
		'--overWrite',
		'--stik', $tags->{stik},
		'--advisory', $tags->{advisory},
		'--copyright', $tags->{copyright},
		'--title', $tags->{title},
		'--artist', $tags->{artist},
		'--albumArtist', $tags->{albumArtist},
		'--album', $tags->{album},
		'--grouping', $tags->{grouping},
		'--composer', $tags->{composer},
		'--genre', $tags->{genre},
		'--comment', $tags->{comment},
		'--year', $tags->{year},
		'--tracknum', $tags->{tracknum},
		'--disk', $tags->{disk},
	);
	# video only
	if ( $tags->{is_video} ) {
		# all video
		if ( $opt->{myaphdvideo} ) {
			if ( ! $opt->{myap1080p} ) {
				$tags->{hdvideo} = $tags->{hdvideo} > 0 ? "true" : "false";
			}
			push @cmd, ( '--hdvideo', $tags->{hdvideo} );
		}
		# tv only
		if ( $tags->{is_tvshow} ) {
			push @cmd, (
				'--TVShowName', $tags->{TVShowName},
				'--TVEpisode', $tags->{TVEpisode},
				'--TVSeasonNum', $tags->{TVSeasonNum},
				'--TVEpisodeNum', $tags->{TVEpisodeNum},
				'--TVNetwork', $tags->{TVNetwork},
			);
		}
	}
	# tag iTunes podcast
	if ( $tags->{is_podcast} ) {
		push @cmd, (
			'--podcastFlag', $tags->{podcastFlag},
			'--category', $tags->{category},
			'--keyword', $tags->{keyword},
			'--podcastGUID', $tags->{podcastGUID},
		);
	}
	# add artwork if available
	unless ( $opt->{noartwork} ) {
		push @cmd, ( '--artwork', main::decode_fs($meta->{thumbfile}) ) if -f $meta->{thumbfile};
	}
	# add descriptions to audio podcasts and video
	if ( $tags->{is_video} || $tags->{is_podcast} ) {
		push @cmd, ( '--description', $tags->{description} );
		if ( $opt->{myaplongdescfile} && -f $desc_file ) {
				push @cmd, ( '--longdescFile', main::decode_fs($desc_file) );
		} else {
			if ( $opt->{myaplongdescription} ) {
				push @cmd, ( '--longDescription', $tags->{longDescription} );
			} elsif ( $opt->{myaplongdesc} ) {
				push @cmd, ( '--longdesc', $tags->{longDescription} );
			}
		}
	}
	if ( $opt->{myaplyricsfile} && -f $desc_file ) {
		push @cmd, ( '--lyricsFile', main::decode_fs($desc_file) );
	} else {
		push @cmd, ( '--lyrics', $tags->{lyrics} );
	}
	for ( @cmd ) {
		$_ = "" unless defined $_;
	}
	return @cmd;
}

# add MP4 tag with atomicparsley
sub tag_file_mp4 {
	my ($self, $meta, $tags) = @_;
	tag_init();
	# Only tag if the required tool exists
	if ( ! main::exists_in_path( 'atomicparsley' ) ) {
		main::logger "WARNING: Required AtomicParsley utility not found - cannot tag \U$meta->{ext}\E file\n";
		return 1;
	}
	main::logger "INFO: Tagging \U$meta->{ext}\E\n";
	my @cmd;
	my $rc;
	my $run_mode = main::hide_progress() || ! $opt->{verbose} ? 'QUIET_STDOUT' : 'STDERR';
	if ( IS_WIN32 && ! $opt->{tag_nounicode} ) {
		if ( $opt->{myaplongdescfile} && $opt->{myaplyricsfile} ) {
			my $desc_file = File::Spec->catfile($meta->{dir}, "$meta->{fileprefix}.desc.txt");
			unlink $desc_file;
			if ( open( DESC, ">:raw:utf8", $desc_file ) ) {
				print DESC $tags->{longDescription};
				close DESC;
				@cmd = tag_cmd($meta, $tags, $desc_file);
				$rc = main::run_cmd_win32( $run_mode, @cmd );
				if ( $rc ) {
					main::logger "WARNING: Unicode tagging failed - falling back to non-Unicode\n";
				}
			} else {
				main::logger "WARNING: Could not create temp description file: $desc_file\n";
				main::logger "WARNING: Unicode tagging unavailable - falling back to non-Unicode\n";
				$rc = 1;
			}
			unlink $desc_file;
		} else {
			main::logger "WARNING: Unicode tagging unsupported - falling back to non-Unicode\n";
			$rc = 1;
		}
	}
	if ( ! IS_WIN32 || $opt->{tag_nounicode} || $rc ) {
		if ( IS_WIN32 ) {
			tags_encode($tags, $opt->{tag_encoding} || $opt->{encodinglocale} || "cp1252");
		}
		@cmd = tag_cmd( $meta, $tags );
		$rc = main::run_cmd( $run_mode, @cmd );
	}
	if ( $rc ) {
		main::logger "WARNING: Failed to tag \U$meta->{ext}\E file\n";
		return 2;
	}
	# remove images left behind by AtomicParsley
	unlink glob qq("$meta->{dir}/$meta->{fileprefix}-resized-*");
}

############## End OO ##############
