EXTIPL(8)

NAME
extipl - a partition-selectable boot loader/installer for IBM-PC compatible computers.

SYNOPSIS
extipl subcommand arguments ...

DESCRIPTION
This manual page describes briefly the extipl command.

extipl stands for "Extended IPL". That is an IBM's HD-IPL compatible boot strap code for IBM-PC compatible computers. But it allows to select one of partitions, or one of several BIOS supported HDDs. extipl is the installer of ExtIPL. This version (v5.0) has 4 IPLs and three of them now supports the LBA access for large HDD.

built-in IPLs

gemini
    The default IPL which has simple GUI-like menu function. The label for each partition in the 1st HDD can be modified for easy recognition. Delay for auto-boot also can be changed from 1 to 999, or forever (default is 15 seconds). This also supports the booting from any BIOS supported HDD, and can change the active partition on the 1st HDD. This IPL actually consists of two code blocks: pollux (in MBR) and castor (in several sectors following the MBR). Therefore named after the famous twin in the sky, Gemini.

taurus
    The simple IPL which does not have the selector function. It just loads the OS loader from the active partitions. The difference from the conventional IPL is the support of LBA access for the large HDD and the support of booting from logical partitions. This IPL is named after the zodiac signs followed by gemini.

aquila
    This IPL can select partitions in the 1st HDD to boot up from. LBA access and booting from logical partition are supported. Unlike the gemini IPL, selection menu is much more simple, and can not change the active partition. The name is taken from the constellation, and the old famous movie.

scorpius
    This is the IPL in the old version of extipl. It uses CHS access only, i.e. does not support LBA access. Selection menu is very simple, but it does support booting from any BIOS supported HDDs. This name is also taken from another constellation and the movie.

COMMANDS

save device-filename-of-HD [file]
    Store the current content of MBR in the specified HDD to a file "filename". Saved content of MBR can be restored by "extipl restore" described below. If you omit the filename, the default value "./master.ipl" is used. Back up file is set to be read-only.

restore device-filename-of-HD file
    Restore the MBR from the specified file which contains partition information and the OS booter.
    You are asked as: C)ode: restore ipl code only
    T)able: restore partition table only
    A)ll: restore ipl code and partition table
    restore (c/t/a)? Reply 'c', 't', or 'a'. It is not examined whether specified file is valid copy of MBR. Filename cannot be omitted.

install device-filename-of-HD @IPL_NAME
    Install one of the four Extended-IPL boot code to MBR in the hard disk specified with the argument device-filename-of-HD. IPL_NAME is one of the following: gemini, taurus, aquila, and scorpius. The default IPL is gemini. Before installation, you are forced to back up MBR to a file, and are prompted: Enter file name to save: If you press <Enter> key only, MBR will be saved into "./fdiskIPL.<nnn>", where <nnn> is a number from 001 to 999. That number is incremented automatically if that file exists already.

fdtest device-filename-of-FD @IPL_NAME
    Install one of the four Extended-IPL boot code to a floppy disk specified with the argument "device-filename-of-FD." You can't use Extended-IPL installed floppy for any other purpose. IPL_NAME is one of the following: gemini, taurus, aquila, and scorpius. The default IPL is gemini. This is for testing or trying Extended-IPL, but you can use a floppy with Extended-IPL to boot your PC if it doesn't boot from hard disk.

show device-filename-of-HD
    Display the content of the partition tables in a hard disk specified with the argument "device-filename-of-HD". The content of an extended partition is also displayed. [Example]
    # extipl show /dev/hda
    =========
    Partition TABLE on "/dev/hda"
    =========
       [1] 0B: MS-Win FAT32 1866MB
       [2] 06: DOS FAT16(>32MB) 125MB
      A[3] A5: FreeBSD/old NetBSD/386BSD 2596MB
       [4] 05: Extended DOS --
           ( 1) 83: Linux native 256MB
           ( 2) 83: Linux native 1153MB
           ( 3) 83: Linux native 86MB
           ( 4) 82: Linux swap/Solaris x86 62MB

chgboot device-filename-of-HD
    Change the bootable partition in the specified device interactively. If you mark an extended partition bootable, you can also mark a partition in the bootable extended partition bootable. The follwing keys are understood: Number : mark the selected partition bootable. w : write back the modified parition table to the device. q : quit without any modification to the device c : clear the bootable mark. b : back to the parent partition when you are in an extended partition. If you are in the top level partition, quit without any modification. Please read the documantation for more details.

clrboot device-filename-of-HD
    marks all partition to be not bootable in a hard disk specified with the argument "device-filename-of-HD". This force Extended-IPL to enter partition selection even if shift key is not pressed down. Original booter in MBR cannot boot OS if all partition is marked non-bootable. You have to use Extended-IPL to boot something. If BIOS loader of MBR checks the validity of MBR strictly, it consider the MBR invalid. In such a case, YOU BECOME UNABLE TO BOOT ANY OS IN YOUR HARDDISK. BE extremely CAREFUL. Please read the documantation for more details.

OPTION
extipl command accepts some option flags for speciallized purpose. Please read the documentation and the source code for more details. Options includes:

-d  : debug Option flag for debugging boot code. If you specify this option, extipl does not install the specified boot code, but writes out the binary image of boot sector into the file named "./_BootSec.<nnn>" where <nnn> is the automatic increment counter. You can check the content of that image using dump tool or ndisasm, disassembler for i8086. It may be usefull to improve the boot code for Extended-IPL or to develop your own IPL code.

-f  : force install This option affects only the subcommand "install". If you specify this option, extipl does not prompt for the name of backup file and does not prompt for confirmation of install, but do write it's IPL boot code into MBR in the specified hard disk silently, and save the contents of the original MBR into "./fdiskIPL.<nnn>", where <nnn> is a number from 001 to 999. That number is incremented automatically if that file exists already. If you don't need that back up file, please remove it manually.

Usage of the gemini IPL

Initial load
    When the boot sequence is started, the string "extipl" is shown on the screen, and the timer is counting. Default delay for auto startup is 15 seconds (can be modified from the menu later). Press <Enter> to boot up from the active partition immediately. Any other key such as <Space> interrupts this count down, and the selector menu is displayed.

Selector Menu
    The selector menu is divided into three parts: top line, lower left, and lower right. The top line shows the drive to boot from, and the access mode (LBA/CHS). The lower left area shows the partitions, and the lower right shows the available commands. You can use cursor key to select an item from the menu, and <Enter> decides to execute it. When an extended partiion is selected, then <Space> key lists the logical partitions in the selected extended.

Modification of the waiting delay
    In the Selector Menu of gemini, you can use "<Alt> + t" in order to modify the waiting delay for auto startup. The unit is second, and the default is 15 seconds. 0-999 can be entered here, and "0" means that Selector Menu will be always shown (i.e. no automatic startup).

Modification of the partition label
    In the Selector Menu of gemini, you can use "<Alt> + n" in order to modify the partition label for the 1st HDD. Maximum length of the label is 20 charaters, and the maximum number of labels is 12. To delete the registered label, just press <Enter> only after using "<Alt> + n". <Esc> cancels the current input when the label is entered.

Save the current setup for delay and labels
    In the Selector Menu of gemini, you can use "<Alt> + s" in order to save the modification you done for delay and labels.

Usage of the taurus IPL

taurus IPL can not select partition to boot from. Is just loads the PBR in the active partition. So nothing special to be done for this.

Usage of the aquila IPL

Initial load
    To boot up from the active partition, just wait. Nothing to be done. To show the selector menu, enable <CapsLock> after the BIOS keyboard initialization. The usage of this menu is similar to the old one, so please read the description for scorpius below.

Usage of the scorpius IPL

<Shift>
    Extended-IPL loads and runs the boot sector of the first bootable partition on the first HDD. If shift key is pressed when extended-IPL booting, it displays a boot selection menu.

<0> Select the other HDD.

<1>,<2>,<3>,<4>
    Select one of primary/extended/logical partitions of current HDD to load and run the boot sector in that partition.

<Enter>
    Load and run the boot sector of selected partition.

<End>
    Change the bootable flag of selected partition and load and run that boot sector.

SEE ALSO
The programs are documented fully at /pbulk/work/sysutils/extipl/work/.destdir/usr/pkg/share/doc/extipl/English/extipl.txt in English, or /pbulk/work/sysutils/extipl/work/.destdir/usr/pkg/share/doc/extipl/Japanese/extipl.txt in Japanese.

AUTHOR
The author of Extended-IPL is Takamiti Kimura <takamiti@tsden.org>, English documentation is written by Ryutaroh Matsumoto <ryutaroh@tsden.org> and distributed as the part of the original source archive. This manual page was originally written by Akira YOSHIYAMA <yosshy@debian.or.jp>, for the Debian GNU/Linux system. Then Taketoshi Sano <kgh12351@nifty.ne.jp> update the information to match the new upstream release. This man page can be freely used by anyone.