########################################################################
##
## Copyright (C) 2004-2026 The Octave Project Developers
##
## See the file COPYRIGHT.md in the top-level directory of this
## distribution or <https://octave.org/copyright/>.
##
## This file is part of Octave.
##
## Octave is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it
## under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
## the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
## (at your option) any later version.
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## WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
## MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
## GNU General Public License for more details.
##
## You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
## along with Octave; see the file COPYING.  If not, see
## <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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########################################################################
##
## Original version by Paul Kienzle distributed as free software in the
## public domain.

## -*- texinfo -*-
## @deftypefn  {} {@var{s} =} sprand (@var{m}, @var{n}, @var{d})
## @deftypefnx {} {@var{s} =} sprand (@var{m}, @var{n}, @var{d}, @var{rc})
## @deftypefnx {} {@var{s} =} sprand (@var{s})
## Generate a sparse matrix with uniformly distributed random values.
##
## The size of the matrix is @var{m}x@var{n} with a density of values @var{d}.
## @var{d} must be between 0 and 1.  Values will be uniformly distributed on
## the interval (0, 1).
##
## If called with a single matrix argument, a sparse matrix is generated with
## random values wherever the matrix @var{s} is nonzero.
##
## If called with a scalar fourth argument @var{rc}, a random sparse matrix
## with reciprocal condition number @var{rc} is generated.  If @var{rc} is
## a vector, then it specifies the first singular values of the generated
## matrix (@code{length (@var{rc}) <= min (@var{m}, @var{n})}).
##
## @seealso{sprandn, sprandsym, rand}
## @end deftypefn

function s = sprand (m, n, d, rc)

  if (nargin == 1)
    s = __sprand__ (m, @rand);
  elseif (nargin == 3)
    s = __sprand__ (m, n, d, "sprand", @rand);
  elseif (nargin == 4)
    s = __sprand__ (m, n, d, rc, "sprand", @rand);
  else
    print_usage ();
  endif

endfunction


## Test 3-input calling form
%!test
%! s = sprand (4, 10, 0.1);
%! assert (size (s), [4, 10]);
%! assert (nnz (s) / numel (s), 0.1);

## Test 4-input calling form
%!test
%! d = rand ();
%! s1 = sprand (100, 100, d, 0.4);
%! rc = [5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0.1];
%! s2 = sprand (100, 100, d, rc);
%! s3 = sprand (6, 4, d, rc);
%! assert (svd (s2)'(1:length (rc)), rc, sqrt (eps));
%! assert (1/cond (s1), 0.4, sqrt (eps));
%! assert (nnz (s1) / (100*100), d, 0.02);
%! assert (nnz (s2) / (100*100), d, 0.02);
%! assert (svd (s3)', [5 4 3 2], sqrt (eps));

## Test 1-input calling form
%!test
%! s = sprand (sparse ([1 2 3], [3 2 3], [2 2 2]));
%! [i, j, v] = find (s);
%! assert (sort (i), [1 2 3]');
%! assert (sort (j), [2 3 3]');
%! assert (all (v > 0 & v < 1));

## Test very large, very low density matrix doesn't fail
%!test
%! s = sprand (1e6, 1e6, 1e-7);

## Test empty array creation
%!assert (size (sprand (0, 0, 0.5)), [0, 0])
%!assert (size (sprand (0, 3, 0.5)), [0, 3])
%!assert (size (sprand (3, 0, 0.5)), [3, 0])

## Test input validation
%!error <Invalid call> sprand ()
%!error <Invalid call> sprand (1, 2)
%!error <M must be a non-negative integer> sprand (-1, -1, 0.5)
%!error <M must be a non-negative integer> sprand (ones (3), 3, 0.5)
%!error <M must be a non-negative integer> sprand (3.5, 3, 0.5)
%!error <M must be a non-negative integer> sprand (-1, 3, 0.5)
%!error <N must be a non-negative integer> sprand (3, ones (3), 0.5)
%!error <N must be a non-negative integer> sprand (3, 3.5, 0.5)
%!error <N must be a non-negative integer> sprand (3, -1, 0.5)
%!error <D must be between 0 and 1> sprand (3, 3, -1)
%!error <D must be between 0 and 1> sprand (3, 3, 2)
%!error <RC must be a scalar or vector> sprand (2, 2, 0.2, ones (3,3))
%!error <RC must be between 0 and 1> sprand (2, 2, 0.2, -1)
%!error <RC must be between 0 and 1> sprand (2, 2, 0.2, 2)
