9.2 Values

## ﻿9.2 Values

- 9.2.1 Base values
- 9.2.2 Tuples
- 9.2.3 Records
- 9.2.4 Arrays
- 9.2.5 Variant values
- 9.2.6 Polymorphic variants
- 9.2.7 Functions
- 9.2.8 Objects

This section describes the kinds of values that are manipulated by OCaml programs.

### ﻿9.2.1 Base values

#### ﻿Integer numbers

Integer values are integer numbers from −230 to 230−1, that is −1073741824 to 1073741823. The implementation may support a wider range of integer values: on 64-bit platforms, the current implementation supports integers ranging from −262 to 262−1.

#### ﻿Floating-point numbers

Floating-point values are numbers in floating-point representation. The current implementation uses double-precision floating-point numbers conforming to the IEEE 754 standard, with 53 bits of mantissa and an exponent ranging from −1022 to 1023.

#### ﻿Characters

Character values are represented as 8-bit integers between 0 and 255. Character codes between 0 and 127 are interpreted following the ASCII standard. The current implementation interprets character codes between 128 and 255 following the ISO 8859-1 standard.

#### ﻿Character strings

String values are finite sequences of characters. The current implementation supports strings containing up to 224 − 5 characters (16777211 characters); on 64-bit platforms, the limit is 257 − 9.

### ﻿9.2.2 Tuples

Tuples of values are written (v1, …, vn), standing for the n-tuple of values v1 to vn. The current implementation supports tuple of up to 222 − 1 elements (4194303 elements).

### ﻿9.2.3 Records

Record values are labeled tuples of values. The record value written { field1 = v1; …; fieldn = vn } associates the value vi to the record field fieldi, for i = 1 … n. The current implementation supports records with up to 222 − 1 fields (4194303 fields).

### ﻿9.2.4 Arrays

Arrays are finite, variable-sized sequences of values of the same type. The current implementation supports arrays containing up to 222 − 1 elements (4194303 elements) unless the elements are floating-point numbers (2097151 elements in this case); on 64-bit platforms, the limit is 254 − 1 for all arrays.

### ﻿9.2.5 Variant values

Variant values are either a constant constructor, or a non-constant constructor applied to a number of values. The former case is written constr; the latter case is written constr (v1, ... , vn ), where the vi are said to be the arguments of the non-constant constructor constr. The parentheses may be omitted if there is only one argument.

The following constants are treated like built-in constant constructors:

Constant | Constructor
false | the boolean false
true | the boolean true
() | the “unit” value
[] | the empty list

The current implementation limits each variant type to have at most 246 non-constant constructors and 230−1 constant constructors.

### ﻿9.2.6 Polymorphic variants

Polymorphic variants are an alternate form of variant values, not belonging explicitly to a predefined variant type, and following specific typing rules. They can be either constant, written `tag-name, or non-constant, written `tag-name(v).

### ﻿9.2.7 Functions

Functional values are mappings from values to values.

### ﻿9.2.8 Objects

Objects are composed of a hidden internal state which is a record of instance variables, and a set of methods for accessing and modifying these variables. The structure of an object is described by the toplevel class that created it.