LilyPond Notation Reference: 3.6.1 Supported notation for MIDI

### 3.6.1 Supported notation for MIDI

The following musical notation can be used with LilyPond’s default capabilities to produce MIDI output;

- Breath marks
- Chords entered as chord names
- Crescendi, decrescendi over multiple notes. The volume is altered linearly between the two extremes
- Dynamic markings from `ppppp` to `fffff`, including `mp`, `mf` and `sf`
- Lyrics
- Markers: rehearsal marks, segni, coda marks, and section labels
- Microtones but not microtonal chords. A MIDI player that supports pitch bending will also be required.
- Pitches
- Rhythms entered as note durations, including tuplets
- ‘Simple’ articulations; staccato, staccatissimo, accent, marcato and portato
- Tempo changes using the `\tempo` function
- Ties
- Tremolos that are not entered with a ‘`:`[number]’ value

Panning, balance, expression, reverb and chorus effects can also be controlled by setting context properties, see Context properties for MIDI effects.

When combined with the ‘`articulate`’ script the following, additional musical notation can be output to MIDI;

- Appoggiaturas. These are made to take half the value of the note following (without taking dots into account). For example;

  >     \appoggiatura c8 d2.

  The c will take the value of a crotchet.

- Ornaments (i.e., mordents, trills and turns et al.)
- Rallentando, accelerando, ritardando and a tempo
- Slurs, including phrasing slurs
- Tenuto

See Enhancing MIDI output.

#### LilyPond — Notation Reference v2.24.4 (stable-branch).