LilyPond 学习手册: 3.1.7 Advanced rhythmic commands

### 3.1.7 Advanced rhythmic commands

#### Partial measure

Music Glossary: anacrusis.

A pickup (or anacrusis) is entered with the keyword `\partial`. It is followed by a duration: ‘`\partial 4`’ is a quarter note pickup and ‘`\partial 8`’ an eighth note.

>     \relative {
>       \partial 8 f''8 |
>       c2 d |
>     }

#### Tuplets

Music Glossary: note value, triplet.

Tuplets are made with the `\tuplet` keyword. It takes two arguments: a fraction and a piece of music. The fraction is the number of tuplet notes over the number of notes normally filling the same duration. For triplets, there are three notes instead of two, so triplets have 3/2 as their fraction.

>     \relative {
>       \tuplet 3/2 { f''8 g a }
>       \tuplet 3/2 { c8 r c }
>       \tuplet 3/2 { f,8 g16[ a g a] }
>       \tuplet 3/2 { d4 a8 }
>     }

#### Grace notes

Music Glossary: grace notes, acciaccatura, appoggiatura.

Grace notes are created with the `\grace` command, although they can also be created by prefixing a music expression with the keyword `\appoggiatura` or `\acciaccatura`:

>     \relative {
>       c''2 \grace { a32 b } c2 |
>       c2 \appoggiatura b16 c2 |
>       c2 \acciaccatura b16 c2 |
>     }

#### 参见

Notation Reference: Grace notes, Tuplets, Upbeats.

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