from __future__ import annotations

import asyncio
import sys
from contextlib import suppress
from typing import TYPE_CHECKING, Any, Generic, ParamSpec, TypeVar
from warnings import catch_warnings, filterwarnings

from twisted.internet import asyncioreactor, error
from twisted.internet.defer import Deferred

from scrapy.utils.misc import load_object
from scrapy.utils.python import global_object_name

if TYPE_CHECKING:
    from asyncio import AbstractEventLoop
    from collections.abc import Callable

    from twisted.internet.protocol import ServerFactory
    from twisted.internet.tcp import Port

    from scrapy.utils.asyncio import CallLaterResult


_T = TypeVar("_T")
_P = ParamSpec("_P")


def listen_tcp(portrange: list[int], host: str, factory: ServerFactory) -> Port:  # type: ignore[return]  # noqa: RET503
    """Like reactor.listenTCP but tries different ports in a range."""
    from twisted.internet import reactor

    if len(portrange) > 2:
        raise ValueError(f"invalid portrange: {portrange}")
    if not portrange:
        return reactor.listenTCP(0, factory, interface=host)
    if len(portrange) == 1:
        return reactor.listenTCP(portrange[0], factory, interface=host)
    for x in range(portrange[0], portrange[1] + 1):
        try:
            return reactor.listenTCP(x, factory, interface=host)
        except error.CannotListenError:
            if x == portrange[1]:
                raise


class CallLaterOnce(Generic[_T]):
    """Schedule a function to be called in the next reactor loop, but only if
    it hasn't been already scheduled since the last time it ran.
    """

    def __init__(self, func: Callable[_P, _T], *a: _P.args, **kw: _P.kwargs):
        self._func: Callable[_P, _T] = func
        self._a: tuple[Any, ...] = a
        self._kw: dict[str, Any] = kw
        self._call: CallLaterResult | None = None
        self._deferreds: list[Deferred] = []

    def schedule(self, delay: float = 0) -> None:
        # circular import
        from scrapy.utils.asyncio import call_later  # noqa: PLC0415

        if self._call is None:
            self._call = call_later(delay, self)

    def cancel(self) -> None:
        if self._call:
            self._call.cancel()

    def __call__(self) -> _T:
        # circular import
        from scrapy.utils.asyncio import call_later  # noqa: PLC0415

        self._call = None
        result = self._func(*self._a, **self._kw)

        for d in self._deferreds:
            call_later(0, d.callback, None)
        self._deferreds.clear()

        return result

    async def wait(self) -> None:
        # circular import
        from scrapy.utils.defer import maybe_deferred_to_future  # noqa: PLC0415

        d: Deferred[None] = Deferred()
        self._deferreds.append(d)
        await maybe_deferred_to_future(d)


_asyncio_reactor_path = "twisted.internet.asyncioreactor.AsyncioSelectorReactor"


def set_asyncio_event_loop_policy() -> None:
    """The policy functions from asyncio often behave unexpectedly,
    so we restrict their use to the absolutely essential case.
    This should only be used to install the reactor.
    """
    policy = asyncio.get_event_loop_policy()
    if sys.platform == "win32" and not isinstance(
        policy, asyncio.WindowsSelectorEventLoopPolicy
    ):
        policy = asyncio.WindowsSelectorEventLoopPolicy()
        asyncio.set_event_loop_policy(policy)


def install_reactor(reactor_path: str, event_loop_path: str | None = None) -> None:
    """Installs the :mod:`~twisted.internet.reactor` with the specified
    import path. Also installs the asyncio event loop with the specified import
    path if the asyncio reactor is enabled"""
    reactor_class = load_object(reactor_path)
    if reactor_class is asyncioreactor.AsyncioSelectorReactor:
        set_asyncio_event_loop_policy()
        with suppress(error.ReactorAlreadyInstalledError):
            event_loop = set_asyncio_event_loop(event_loop_path)
            asyncioreactor.install(eventloop=event_loop)
    else:
        *module, _ = reactor_path.split(".")
        installer_path = [*module, "install"]
        installer = load_object(".".join(installer_path))
        with suppress(error.ReactorAlreadyInstalledError):
            installer()


def _get_asyncio_event_loop() -> AbstractEventLoop:
    return set_asyncio_event_loop(None)


def set_asyncio_event_loop(event_loop_path: str | None) -> AbstractEventLoop:
    """Sets and returns the event loop with specified import path."""
    if event_loop_path is not None:
        event_loop_class: type[AbstractEventLoop] = load_object(event_loop_path)
        event_loop = _get_asyncio_event_loop()
        if not isinstance(event_loop, event_loop_class):
            event_loop = event_loop_class()
            asyncio.set_event_loop(event_loop)
    else:
        try:
            with catch_warnings():
                # In Python 3.10.9, 3.11.1, 3.12 and 3.13, a DeprecationWarning
                # is emitted about the lack of a current event loop, because in
                # Python 3.14 and later `get_event_loop` will raise a
                # RuntimeError in that event. Because our code is already
                # prepared for that future behavior, we ignore the deprecation
                # warning.
                filterwarnings(
                    "ignore",
                    message="There is no current event loop",
                    category=DeprecationWarning,
                )
                event_loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
        except RuntimeError:
            # `get_event_loop` raises RuntimeError when called with no asyncio
            # event loop yet installed in the following scenarios:
            # - Previsibly on Python 3.14 and later.
            #   https://github.com/python/cpython/issues/100160#issuecomment-1345581902
            event_loop = asyncio.new_event_loop()
            asyncio.set_event_loop(event_loop)
    return event_loop


def verify_installed_reactor(reactor_path: str) -> None:
    """Raise :exc:`RuntimeError` if the installed
    :mod:`~twisted.internet.reactor` does not match the specified import
    path or if no reactor is installed."""
    if not is_reactor_installed():
        raise RuntimeError(
            "verify_installed_reactor() called without an installed reactor."
        )

    from twisted.internet import reactor

    expected_reactor_type = load_object(reactor_path)
    reactor_type = type(reactor)
    if not reactor_type == expected_reactor_type:
        raise RuntimeError(
            f"The installed reactor ({global_object_name(reactor_type)}) "
            f"does not match the requested one ({reactor_path})"
        )


def verify_installed_asyncio_event_loop(loop_path: str) -> None:
    """Raise :exc:`RuntimeError` if the even loop of the installed
    :class:`~twisted.internet.asyncioreactor.AsyncioSelectorReactor`
    does not match the specified import path or if no reactor is installed."""
    if not is_reactor_installed():
        raise RuntimeError(
            "verify_installed_asyncio_event_loop() called without an installed reactor."
        )

    from twisted.internet import reactor

    loop_class = load_object(loop_path)
    if isinstance(reactor._asyncioEventloop, loop_class):
        return
    installed = (
        f"{reactor._asyncioEventloop.__class__.__module__}"
        f".{reactor._asyncioEventloop.__class__.__qualname__}"
    )
    raise RuntimeError(
        "Scrapy found an asyncio Twisted reactor already "
        f"installed, and its event loop class ({installed}) does "
        "not match the one specified in the ASYNCIO_EVENT_LOOP "
        f"setting ({global_object_name(loop_class)})"
    )


def is_reactor_installed() -> bool:
    """Check whether a :mod:`~twisted.internet.reactor` is installed."""
    return "twisted.internet.reactor" in sys.modules


def is_asyncio_reactor_installed() -> bool:
    """Check whether the installed reactor is :class:`~twisted.internet.asyncioreactor.AsyncioSelectorReactor`.

    Raise a :exc:`RuntimeError` if no reactor is installed.

    In a future Scrapy version, when Scrapy supports running without a Twisted
    reactor, this function won't be useful for checking if it's possible to use
    asyncio features, so the code that that doesn't directly require a Twisted
    reactor should use :func:`scrapy.utils.asyncio.is_asyncio_available`
    instead of this function.

    .. versionchanged:: 2.13
       In earlier Scrapy versions this function silently installed the default
       reactor if there was no reactor installed. Now it raises an exception to
       prevent silent problems in this case.
    """
    if not is_reactor_installed():
        raise RuntimeError(
            "is_asyncio_reactor_installed() called without an installed reactor."
        )

    from twisted.internet import reactor

    return isinstance(reactor, asyncioreactor.AsyncioSelectorReactor)
